ꜣšr
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /ɑʃɛr/
- Conventional anglicization: asher
Verb
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3-lit.
- (intransitive, chiefly in the stative, of meat, figs, or bread) to be(come) roasted, to roast [since the Pyramid Texts]
Usage notes
Because this verb is almost always found as a stative or a verbal noun, it is difficult to determine whether it means ‘to roast (something)’ or ‘to be roasted’. The latter is suggested by a sentence at Edfu VIII 89.1 where the verb is used in the perfect with a subject referring to what is roasted: jwꜣw mꜣw-ḥḏ rꜣw wnj-mw ꜣšr.n.sn ḥr ḫꜣwt.k (“Cattle, gazelles, geese, enemies, they have been roasted on your altar.”).
Inflection
Conjugation of ꜣšr (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜣšr, geminated stem: ꜣšrr
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
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infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
ꜣšr | ꜣšrw, ꜣšr | ꜣšrt | ꜣšr | ꜣšr |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
ꜣšr | ḥr ꜣšr | m ꜣšr | r ꜣšr |
suffix conjugation | |||
---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | active | contingent | |
aspect / mood | active | ||
perfect | ꜣšr.n | consecutive | ꜣšr.jn |
terminative | ꜣšrt | ||
perfective3 | ꜣšr | obligative | ꜣšr.ḫr |
imperfective | ꜣšr | ||
prospective3 | ꜣšr | potentialis | ꜣšr.kꜣ |
subjunctive | ꜣšr |
verbal adjectives | |||
---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | |
active | active | passive | |
perfect | ꜣšr.n | — | — |
perfective | ꜣšr | ꜣšr | ꜣšr, ꜣšrw5, ꜣšry5 |
imperfective | ꜣšr, ꜣšry, ꜣšrw5 | ꜣšr, ꜣšrj6, ꜣšry6 | ꜣšr, ꜣšrw5 |
prospective | ꜣšr, ꜣšrtj7 | ꜣšrtj4, ꜣšrt4 | |
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Derived terms
- tꜣ ꜣšr
- ꜣšrt
Noun
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m
- roast meat, including burnt offerings [since the Middle Kingdom]
Inflection
Declension of ꜣšr (masculine)
singular | ꜣšr |
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dual | ꜣšrwj |
plural | ꜣšrw |
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣšr
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ꜣšr | jšr | jšr | jšr | |||||||||||||||
[Late Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] |
References
- Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 21.4–21.9