ꜣr
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /ɑr/
- Conventional anglicization: ar
Verb
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2-lit.
- (transitive) to drive off, to repulse (+ ḥr or m: from) [since the Middle Kingdom]
- (transitive) to harry or oppress (the poor)
Inflection
Conjugation of ꜣr (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ꜣr, geminated stem: ꜣrr
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
ꜣr | ꜣrw, ꜣr | ꜣrt | ꜣr, j.ꜣr | ꜣr, j.ꜣr |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
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stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
ꜣr | ḥr ꜣr | m ꜣr | r ꜣr |
suffix conjugation | |||||
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aspect / mood | active | passive | contingent | ||
aspect / mood | active | passive | |||
perfect | ꜣr.n | ꜣrw, ꜣr | consecutive | ꜣr.jn | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
terminative | ꜣrt | ||||
perfective3 | ꜣr | active + .tj1, .tw2 | obligative | ꜣr.ḫr | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
imperfective | ꜣr, j.ꜣr1 | active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||
prospective3 | ꜣr | ꜣrr | potentialis | ꜣr.kꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
subjunctive | ꜣr, j.ꜣr1 | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
verbal adjectives | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | ||
active | passive | active | passive | |
perfect | ꜣr.n | active + .tj1, .tw2 | — | — |
perfective | ꜣr | active + .tj1, .tw2 | ꜣr | ꜣrr, ꜣrrj6, ꜣr2, ꜣrw2 5, ꜣry2 5 |
imperfective | j.ꜣr1, ꜣr, ꜣry, ꜣrw5 | active + .tj1, .tw2 | j.ꜣr1, j.ꜣrw1 5, ꜣr, ꜣrj6, ꜣry6 | ꜣr, ꜣrw5 |
prospective | ꜣr, ꜣrtj7 | — | ꜣrtj4, ꜣrt4 | |
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Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣr
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ꜣr | jr | ꜣjr |
Derived terms
- mꜣr
References
- Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 11.9–11.16
- Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 3