ꜣq
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /ɑk/
- Conventional anglicization: aq
Verb
2-lit. or 3ae inf.
- (intransitive) to perish, to die, to fall to ruin [since the Middle Kingdom]
- (intransitive) to fade away, to wane, to dwindle
- (intransitive, of the heart) to become forgetful
- (intransitive, of the arm) to become lame
Inflection
Conjugation of ꜣq (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ꜣq, geminated stem: ꜣqq
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
ꜣq | ꜣqw, ꜣq | ꜣqt | ꜣq, j.ꜣq | ꜣq, j.ꜣq |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
ꜣq | ḥr ꜣq | m ꜣq | r ꜣq |
suffix conjugation | |||
---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | active | contingent | |
aspect / mood | active | ||
perfect | ꜣq.n | consecutive | ꜣq.jn |
terminative | ꜣqt | ||
perfective3 | ꜣq | obligative | ꜣq.ḫr |
imperfective | ꜣq, j.ꜣq1 | ||
prospective3 | ꜣq | potentialis | ꜣq.kꜣ |
subjunctive | ꜣq, j.ꜣq1 |
verbal adjectives | |||
---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | |
active | active | passive | |
perfect | ꜣq.n | — | — |
perfective | ꜣq | ꜣq | ꜣqq, ꜣqqj6, ꜣq2, ꜣqw2 5, ꜣqy2 5 |
imperfective | j.ꜣq1, ꜣq, ꜣqy, ꜣqw5 | j.ꜣq1, j.ꜣqw1 5, ꜣq, ꜣqj6, ꜣqy6 | ꜣq, ꜣqw5 |
prospective | ꜣq, ꜣqtj7 | ꜣqtj4, ꜣqt4 | |
|
Hoch instead considers this a third weak verb:
Conjugation of ꜣqj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ꜣq, geminated stem: ꜣqq
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
ꜣqt, ꜣqj | ꜣqw, ꜣq | ꜣqt, ꜣqwt, ꜣqyt | ꜣq | ꜣq, ꜣqy |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
ꜣq8, ꜣqq8 | ḥr ꜣqt, ḥr ꜣqj | m ꜣqt, m ꜣqj | r ꜣqt, r ꜣqj |
suffix conjugation | |||
---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | active | contingent | |
aspect / mood | active | ||
perfect | ꜣq.n | consecutive | ꜣq.jn |
terminative | ꜣqt, ꜣqyt | ||
perfective3 | ꜣq | obligative | ꜣq.ḫr |
imperfective | ꜣq, ꜣqy | ||
prospective3 | ꜣqw, ꜣq, ꜣqy | potentialis | ꜣq.kꜣ |
subjunctive | ꜣq, ꜣqy |
verbal adjectives | |||
---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | |
active | active | passive | |
perfect | ꜣq.n | — | — |
perfective | ꜣqw1, ꜣqy, ꜣq | ꜣq | ꜣqy, ꜣq |
imperfective | ꜣqq, ꜣqqy, ꜣqqw5 | ꜣqq, ꜣqqj6, ꜣqqy6 | ꜣqq, ꜣqqw5 |
prospective | ꜣqw1, ꜣqy, ꜣq, ꜣqtj7 | ꜣqwtj1 4, ꜣqtj4, ꜣqt4 | |
|
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣq
ꜣq | ꜣqꜣ | jq | ||||||||||||
[New Kingdom] | [Late Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] | ||||||||||||
in papyri |
Descendants
Compounded with ḏjt, infinitive of rḏj:
- ⇒ Demotic: djt ꜣq (“to cause to perish”)
- Coptic: ⲧⲁⲕⲟ (tako, “to destroy”)
References
- Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 21.11–21.20
- Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 184
- Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 242