鼓動

鼓動

See also: 鼓动

Chinese

		convex; drum; to rouse convex; drum; to rouse; to beat	to move; to change; to use to move; to change; to use; to act
trad. (鼓動)		鼓	動
simp. (鼓动)		鼓	动

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǔdòng

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu² dung⁶
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kó͘-tōng / kó͘-tǒng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gou² dong⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǔdòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄨㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǔdòng
    • Wade–Giles: ku³-tung⁴
    • Yale: gǔ-dùng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guudonq
    • Palladius: гудун (gudun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ tʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gu² dung⁶
    • Yale: gú duhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu² dung⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu² dung⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː³⁵ tʊŋ²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-tōng
    • Tâi-lô: kóo-tōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kofdong
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-tǒng
    • Tâi-lô: kóo-tǒng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔŋ²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gou² dong⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kóu tŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kou⁵²⁻³⁵ toŋ³⁵/

Verb

鼓動

1. to inspire; to urge
2. to instigate; to incite
3. to fan; to flap

Synonyms

• (to inspire):

edit

勗勉／勖勉 (xùmiǎn) (literary) 鼓舞 (gǔwǔ) 勉勵／勉励 (miǎnlì)

激勵／激励 (jīlì) 砥礪／砥砺 (dǐlì) 鼓勵／鼓励 (gǔlì)

• (to instigate):

edit

Synonyms of 鼓動

主使 (zhǔshǐ) 使使 (Min Nan) 使唆 (Min Nan) 勾引 (gōuyǐn) 唆使 (suōshǐ) 嗾使 (sǒushǐ) 引逗 (yǐndòu) 拖逗 (tuōdòu) (literary) 指使 (zhǐshǐ) 挑唆 (tiǎosuō) 挑起 (tiǎoqǐ) 搬弄 (bānnòng) 撮弄 (cuōnòng) (literary) 教唆 (jiàosuō) 煽惑 (shānhuò) 簸弄 (bǒnòng) 鼓惑 (gǔhuò)

助長／助长 (zhùzhǎng) 反間／反间 (fǎnjiàn) 引誘／引诱 (yǐnyòu) 慫恿／怂恿 (sǒngyǒng) 扇動／扇动 (shāndòng) 挑動／挑动 (tiǎodòng) 挑撥／挑拨 (tiǎobō) 挑釁／挑衅 (tiǎoxìn) 撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng) 攏慫／拢怂 (Min Nan) 攛掇／撺掇 (cuānduo) (colloquial) 煽動／煽动 (shāndòng) 縱臾／纵臾 (zǒngyǒng) (obsolete) 縱踴／纵踊 (obsolete) 誘使／诱使 (yòushǐ) 離間／离间 (líjiàn)

• (to fan): 扇動／扇动 (shāndòng)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
鼓	動
こ Grade: S	どう Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) こどー [kòdóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞do̞ː]

Noun

鼓(こ)動(どう) • (kodō) 

1. beating, pounding

Verb

鼓(こ)動(どう)する • (kodō suru) suru (stem 鼓(こ)動(どう)し (kodō shi), past 鼓(こ)動(どう)した (kodō shita))

1. beat, pound
   • 1905–06, Natsume Sōseki, I Am a Cat (text here)

     心(しん)臓(ぞう)はたしかに平(へい)時(じ)よりも烈(はげ)しく鼓(こ)動(どう)しておった。

     Shinzō wa tashika ni heiji yori mo hageshiku kodō shite otta.

     My heart was beating much harder than normal.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "鼓動する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	鼓動し	こどうし	kodō shi
Continuative (連用形)	鼓動し	こどうし	kodō shi
Terminal (終止形)	鼓動する	こどうする	kodō suru
Attributive (連体形)	鼓動する	こどうする	kodō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	鼓動すれ	こどうすれ	kodō sure
Imperative (命令形)	鼓動せよ¹ 鼓動しろ²	こどうせよ¹ こどうしろ²	kodō seyo¹ kodō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	鼓動される	こどうされる	kodō sareru
Causative	鼓動させる 鼓動さす	こどうさせる こどうさす	kodō saseru kodō sasu
Potential	鼓動できる	こどうできる	kodō dekiru
Volitional	鼓動しよう	こどうしよう	kodō shiyō
Negative	鼓動しない	こどうしない	kodō shinai
Negative continuative	鼓動せず	こどうせず	kodō sezu
Formal	鼓動します	こどうします	kodō shimasu
Perfective	鼓動した	こどうした	kodō shita
Conjunctive	鼓動して	こどうして	kodō shite
Hypothetical conditional	鼓動すれば	こどうすれば	kodō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
鼓	動

Noun

鼓動 • (godong) (hangeul 고동)

1. Hanja form^? of 고동 (“pounding of the heart”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
鼓	動

Verb

鼓動

1. chữ Hán form of cổ động (“to cheer in competition”).