黨
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Translingual
Japanese | 党 |
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Simplified | 党 |
Traditional | 黨 |
Han character
黨 (Kangxi radical 203, 黑+8, 20 strokes, cangjie input 火月口田火 (FBRWF), four-corner 90331, composition ⿱𫩠黑)
Derived characters
- 儻, 𭍀, 𰋆, 𡤭, 𡿓, 戃, 攩, 灙, 𤣞, 曭, 𣎲, 欓, 爣, 𪼲, 㿩, 矘, 𥤗, 𡆊, 𥽻, 𫄗, 讜, 𨏻, 钂, 𩽳
- 䣣, 𧅗, 𥸈, 𪺌
References
- KangXi: page 1520, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48132
- Dae Jaweon: page 2055, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4750, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9EE8
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 黨 | ||
---|---|---|
Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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當 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
襠 | *taːŋ |
鐺 | *taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ |
簹 | *taːŋ |
璫 | *taːŋ |
檔 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
儅 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
蟷 | *taːŋ |
擋 | *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs |
黨 | *taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ |
讜 | *taːŋʔ |
欓 | *taːŋʔ |
譡 | *taːŋs |
闣 | *taːŋs |
瓽 | *taːŋs |
鏜 | *tʰaːŋ |
闛 | *tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ |
鼞 | *tʰaːŋ |
曭 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
儻 | *tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs |
戃 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
矘 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
爣 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
攩 | *hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs |
淌 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
倘 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
躺 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
趟 | *tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs |
堂 | *daːŋ |
坣 | *daːŋ |
棠 | *daːŋ |
糛 | *daːŋ |
螳 | *daːŋ |
隚 | *daːŋ |
橖 | *daːŋ |
掌 | *tjaŋʔ |
廠 | *tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs |
敞 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
僘 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
氅 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
常 | *djaŋ |
嘗 | *djaŋ |
裳 | *djaŋ |
徜 | *djaŋ |
尚 | *djaŋ, *djaŋs |
甞 | *djaŋ |
鋿 | *djaŋ |
嫦 | *djaŋ |
償 | *djaŋ, *djaŋs |
賞 | *hjaŋʔ |
瞠 | *rtʰaːŋ |
撐 | *rtʰaːŋ |
樘 | *rtʰaːŋ |
橕 | *rtʰaːŋ |
牚 | *rtʰaːŋs |
埫 | *tʰoŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ) : phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 黑 (“black”) – black; dark.
Etymology 1
trad. | 黨 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 党* | |
alternative forms | 攩/挡 |
The endoactive of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”), literally "that which is equal in rank" (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
Definitions
黨
- community; fellow community member
- 鄉黨/乡党 ― xiāngdǎng ― neighbours; local community
- 原思為之宰,與之粟九百,辭。子曰:「毋!以與爾鄰里鄉黨乎!」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Yuán Sī wèi zhī zǎi, yǔ zhī sù jiǔbǎi, cí. Zǐyuē: “Wú! Yǐ yǔ ěr línlǐxiāngdǎng hū!” [Pinyin]
- Yuan Si being made governor of his town by the Master, he gave him nine hundred measures of grain, but Si declined them. The Master said, "Do not decline them. May you not give them away in the neighborhoods, hamlets, towns, and villages?"
原思为之宰,与之粟九百,辞。子曰:“毋!以与尔邻里乡党乎!” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- gang; faction
- 結黨/结党 ― jiédǎng ― to form a faction
- (politics) party
- 政黨/政党 ― zhèngdǎng ― political party
- 自由黨/自由党 ― Zìyóudǎng ― Liberal Party
- (for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party
- (chiefly Mainland China, specifically) the Communist Party of China
- 黨的十八大/党的十八大 ― Dǎng de Shíbā Dà ― The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
- 黨鐵/党铁 [Cantonese] ― dong2 tit3 [Jyutping] ― The "Commie" MTR
- (Vietnam, specifically) Communist Party of Vietnam
- (Wa State, specifically) United Wa State Party
- (chiefly Mainland China, specifically) the Communist Party of China
- (used as suffix in Internet slang) a limited group or class of people, or a member of it
- 標題黨/标题党 ― biāotídǎng ― a person who writes articles or news using off-topic or misleading headlines; these kinds of people
- a surname
Compounds
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Descendants
- → Japanese: 党 (tō)
- → Korean: 당(黨) (dang)
- → Vietnamese: đảng (黨)
Others:
- → Zhuang: dangj
Etymology 2
trad. | 黨 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 党* |
Identified as an ancient Chu dialect word in Han Dynasty scholar Yang Xiong's Fangyan.
STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twaŋ (“to see; to show”), whence Tibetan མཐོང (mthong, “to see; to perceive”).
Alternatively, it may be of Austroasiatic origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiɲ ~ *təɲ (“to know”), whence Khmer ដឹង (dəng), Eastern Bru ດັງ (dáng) (Behr, 2008; Ye, 2014).
Perhaps related to 懂 (dǒng, “to understand”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
Definitions
黨
- (ancient Chu dialect) to know
- 法先王,順禮義,黨學者,然而不好言,不樂言,則必非誠士也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
- Fǎxiānwáng, shùn lǐyì, dǎng xuézhě, rán'ér bù hào yán, bù lè yán, zé bì fēi chéngshì yě. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this example)
法先王,顺礼义,党学者,然而不好言,不乐言,则必非诚士也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Etymology 3
trad. | 黨 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 党* |
Pronunciation
Definitions
黨
- Alternative form of 倘 (tǎng).
References
- “黨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Shinjitai | 党 |
Kyūjitai | 黨 |
Kanji
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 党)
- (political) party
Readings
- Go-on: とう (tō)←たう (tau, historical)
- Kan-on: とう (tō)←たう (tau, historical)
- Kun: なかま (nakama, 黨)←なかま (nakama, historical); むら (mura, 黨)←むら (mura, historical)
Noun
黨 • (tō) (kyūjitai, shinjitai 党)
- Kyūjitai form of 党: political party
Korean
Hanja
黨 (eumhun 무리 당 (muri dang))
- Hanja form? of 당 (“political party”).
Compounds
- 여당 (與黨, yeodang, “ruling party”)
- 야당 (野黨, yadang, “opposition party”)
Vietnamese
Han character
黨: Hán Nôm readings: đảng, đoảng
Noun
黨
- chữ Hán form of đảng (“party”).