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单词
释义

See also: and
U+9ED2, 黒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9ED2

[U+9ED1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9ED3]

Translingual

Japanese
Simplified
Traditional

Glyph origin

Variant of . Simplified from , replacing two dots with one stroke. The modern Japanese usage is of reform (shinjitai) nature. Compare , the shinjitai of .

Han character

Stroke order (Japan)

(Kangxi radical 203, 黑+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田土火 (WGF) or X田土火 (XWGF), composition ⿱里灬)

Derived characters

  • 𣘸

References

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 1518, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48040
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2052, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 7, page 4743, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9ED2

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“black; dark; darkness; etc.”).
(This character, , is a variant form of .)

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

  1. black

Readings

  • Go-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
  • Kun: くろ (kuro, , Jōyō); くろい (kuroi, 黒い, Jōyō)

Compounds

Etymology

(kuro): the color black.
Kanji in this term
くろ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

⟨kuro1/kuro/

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE). In turn, from Proto-Japonic *kuro.

Via root morpheme *kur, cognates include:

  • (kuri, black mud from the bed of a body of water)[1]
  • (kura, darkness; deception), 蔵, 倉, 庫 (kura, [dark] storehouse), and 暗い (kurai, dark)
  • classical verb 暮る (kuru), modern 暮れる (kureru, to become dark; to near the end [of a day, of a year, of a life), and 暗れる, 眩れる (kureru, to become depressed, to become dreary of mood)

Possibly also cognate with Ainu kur (shadow) and Korean 구름 (gureum, cloud); compare also Japanese (kumo, cloud), Korean 검— (geom-, black), and Ainu kunne (black; dark). May be connected to Proto-Indo-European *kr̥snós (black) (whence Sanskrit कृष्ण (kṛṣṇá)), suggesting a Wanderwort in Asia, possibly from an Indo-Iranian language. Compare also Proto-Turkic *kara (black), Proto-Dravidian *kār (black), Mongolian хар (xar, black).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) [kúꜜrò] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
  • IPA(key): [kɯ̟ᵝɾo̞]

Noun

(くろ) (kuro)  (kyūjitai )

  1. black (color)
    Antonym: (shiro)
  2. (go) a black stone; the person who plays black stones
    Synonym: 先手 (sente)
  3. a 女房詞 (nyōbō kotoba, woman's word) for (nabe, pot, pan) or (kama, pot, kettle)
  4. (accounting) short for 黒字 (kuroji): black as an accounting term, indicating a profit
  5. (euphemistic) short for 黒幕 (kuromaku): a black curtain (someone influencing or controlling matters from behind the scenes)
  6. guilt; the guilty one, the guilty party
    Synonym: 有罪 (yūzai) (guilt)
    Antonym: (shiro) (innocence)
  7. (slang) anarchy as a belief system or philosophy
    Synonym: 無政府主義 (museifu shugi)
  8. (slang) an anarchist
    Synonym: 無政府主義者 (museifu shugi-sha)

Derived terms

See also

Colors in Japanese · (いろ) (iro) (layout · text)
     (しろ) (shiro)     (はい)(いろ) (haiiro),
(ねずみ)(いろ) (nezumiiro) (dated)
     (くろ) (kuro)
             (あか) (aka); (しん)() (shinku),
クリムゾン (kurimuzon),
(べに)(いろ) (beniiro),
(くれない)(いろ) (kurenaiiro),
(あかね)(いろ) (akaneiro)
             オレンジ (orenji),
(だいだい)(いろ) (daidaiiro); (ちゃ)(いろ) (chairo),
(かっ)(しょく) (kasshoku)
             ()(いろ) (kiiro); クリーム(いろ) (kurīmuiro)
             ()(みどり) (kimidori)             (みどり) (midori),
(あお) (ao) (dated)
             若緑(わかみどり) (wakamidori)
             シアン (shian); (かも)羽色(はねいろ) (kamo no hane iro)             (みず)(いろ) (mizuiro)             (あお) (ao)
             (すみれ)(いろ) (sumireiro); (あい)(いろ) (aiiro),
インジゴ (injigo)
             マゼンタ (mazenta); (むらさき) (murasaki)             ピンク (pinku),
(もも)(いろ) (momoiro)

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Okinawan

Kanji

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

  • Kun: くるー (kurū, )

Compounds

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese (kuro) and Northern Amami-Oshima (kuru).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kuɾu/

Noun

(hiragana くるー, romaji kurū)

  1. black

Derived terms

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