鵲

鵲

See also: 鹊

鵲 U+9D72, 鵲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9D72 ← 鵱 [U+9D71] CJK Unified Ideographs 鵳 → [U+9D73]

Translingual

Han character

鵲 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+8, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿日竹日火 (TAHAF), four-corner 4762₇, composition ⿰昔鳥)

References

• KangXi: page 1492, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47014
• Dae Jaweon: page 2022, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4638, character 22
• Unihan data for U+9D72

---

Chinese

trad.		鵲
simp.		鹊

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (昔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
借	*ʔsjaːɡs, *ʔsjaːɡ
唶	*ʔsjaːɡs
藉	*zjaːɡs, *zjaːɡ
躤	*zjaːɡs
蜡	*zraːɡs, *sʰaːɡs
齰	*zraːɡs, *zraːɡ
醋	*sʰaːɡs
錯	*sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ
措	*sʰaːɡs
厝	*sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ
逪	*sʰaːɡ
剒	*sʰaːɡ
鵲	*sʰaɡ
碏	*sʰaɡ
踖	*sʰaɡ, *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ
趞	*sʰaɡ
皵	*sʰaɡ, *sʰjaːɡ
舄	*sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ
斮	*ʔsraɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
簎	*zraːwɢ, *sʰraːɡ, *zjaːɡ
諎	*ʔsraːɡ
矠	*sʰreːɡ, *zreːɡ
庴	*ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ
籍	*zjaːɡ
耤	*zjaːɡ
猎	*zjaːɡ
昔	*sjaːɡ
惜	*sjaːɡ
腊	*sjaːɡ
焟	*sjaːɡ
棤	*sjaːɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): què (que⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coek³, zoek³
• Min Nan (POJ): chhiok / chhiak

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: què
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyuè
    • Wade–Giles: chʻüeh⁴
    • Yale: chywè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiueh
    • Palladius: цюэ (cjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰɥɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: coek³, zoek³
    • Yale: cheuk, jeuk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoek⁸, dzoek⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêg³, zêg³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœːk̚³/, /t͡ʃœːk̚³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiok
    • Tâi-lô: tshiok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak
    • Tâi-lô: tshiak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiag
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiak̚³²/

---

• Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰɨɐk̚/

Rime
Character	鵲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	陽 (107)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	七雀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰiɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɨak̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiak̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭak̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	que
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coek3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鵲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	què
Middle Chinese	‹ tshjak ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ak/
English	magpie
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鵲
Reading #	1/1
No.	13284
Phonetic component	昔
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	鵲
Old Chinese	/*sʰaɡ/

Definitions

鵲

1. magpie

   Synonym: 喜鵲／喜鹊 (xǐquè)

Compounds

喜鵲／喜鹊 (xǐquè) 喜鵲叫吉／喜鹊叫吉 扁鵲／扁鹊 烏鵲成橋／乌鹊成桥 烏鵲橋／乌鹊桥 烏鵲通巢／乌鹊通巢 理院鵲巢／理院鹊巢 聲名鵲起／声名鹊起 (shēngmíngquèqǐ) 聲譽鵲起／声誉鹊起 防有鵲巢／防有鹊巢

鳩佔鵲巢／鸠占鹊巢 (jiūzhànquècháo) 鳩僭鵲巢／鸠僭鹊巢 鳩占鵲巢／鸠占鹊巢 鳩奪鵲巢／鸠夺鹊巢 鳩居鵲巢／鸠居鹊巢 鳷鵲／𫛛鹊 鴉飛鵲亂／鸦飞鹊乱 鴉鵲不聞／鸦鹊不闻 鴉鵲嶺／鸦鹊岭 (Yāquèlǐng) 鴉鵲無聲／鸦鹊无声

鵲印／鹊印 鵲噪／鹊噪 鵲報／鹊报 鵲巢／鹊巢 鵲巢鳩占／鹊巢鸠占 鵲橋／鹊桥 (quèqiáo) 鵲笑鳩舞／鹊笑鸠舞 鵲語／鹊语 鵲起／鹊起

References

• “鵲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

---

Japanese

Kanji

鵲

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: さく (saku)
• Kan-on: しゃく (shaku)
• Kan’yō-on: じゃく (jaku)
• Kun: かささぎ (kasasagi, 鵲)

Compounds

• 鵲(ふじ)豆(まめ) (fujimame, “hyacinth bean”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鵲
かささぎ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

鵲 (kasasagi): a Eurasian magpie

From Old Japanese, first appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

Derivation unknown, theories include:

• The initial kasa- may be cognate with or a borrowing from an earlier form of Korean 까치 (kkachi, “magpie”).
• The final -sagi may be a reference to the white chest, alluding to the similar plumage of certain kinds of 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”).
• Alternatively, the final -sagi may derive from onomatopoeia, imitative of the bird's call.
• May be a corruption of 烏 (karasu, “crow”) + 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”):

  /karasu saɡi/ → */kasːaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/

• May be a corruption of カラ (kara, onomatopoeia for cawing, seen in 烏 (karasu), “crow”) + 鷦鷯 (sasagi, “wren”, obsolete):

  /kara sasaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/

• May be a corruption of カチカチ (kachikachi, onomatopoeia imitative of the bird's call) + 鷺 (sagi, “heron, egret”):

  /kat͡ɕikat͡ɕi saɡi/ → */kat̚t͡sasaɡi/ → /kasasaɡi/

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かささぎ [kàsáságí] (Heiban – [0])[2][3][4]
• (Tokyo) かさ​さぎ [kàsáꜜsàgì] (Nakadaka – [2])[4]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠sa̠sa̠ɡʲi]

Noun

鵲(かささぎ) • (kasasagi) 

1. the Eurasian magpie, Pica pica

   Synonyms: (literally “Goryeo (ancient Korea) crow”) 高麗烏 (Kōrai-garasu), (literally “Joseon (medieval Korea) crow”) 朝鮮烏 (Chōsen-garasu)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カササギ.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:鵲.

Derived terms

• 鵲(かささぎ)の鏡(かがみ) (kasasagi no kagami)
• 鵲(かささぎ)の橋(はし) (kasasagi no hashi)
• 鵲(かささぎ)雁(がん) (kasasagi gan)

Proper noun

鵲(かささぎ) • (Kasasagi) 

1. (historical) an 鴻 (Ōtori)-class torpedo boat of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II
2. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鵲
じゃく Hyōgaiji
kan’yōon

From Middle Chinese 鵲 (MC t͡sʰɨɐk̚).

Affix

鵲(じゃく) • (jaku) 

1. Eurasian magpie

Derived terms

• 鵲(じゃっ)橋(きょう) (jakkyō)
• 烏(う)鵲(じゃく) (ujaku)
• 山(さん)鵲(じゃく) (sanjaku)

References

1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

• Entry in Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)

---

Korean

Hanja

鵲 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 산작 (山鵲, sanjak)
• 오작 (烏鵲, ojak)
• 작교 (鵲橋, jakgyo)
• 작보 (鵲報, jakbo)
• 작성 (鵲聲, jakseong)

---

Vietnamese

Han character

鵲: Hán Nôm readings: thước

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.