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单词 鴨
释义

鴨

See also: 鸭
鴨 U+9D28, 鴨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9D28
← 鴧
[U+9D27]		CJK Unified Ideographs鴩 →
[U+9D29]

Translingual

Han character

鴨 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+5, 16 strokes, cangjie input 田中竹日火 (WLHAF), four-corner 67527, composition ⿰甲鳥)

References

  • KangXi: page 1487, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46823
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2018, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4623, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+9D28

Chinese

trad.鴨
simp.鸭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甲) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
笚*ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb
閘*klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb
鉀*klaːb, *kraːb
甲*kraːb
胛*kraːb
岬*kraːb
押*kraːb, *qraːb
玾*kraːb
呷*qʰraːb
匣*ɡraːb
狎*ɡraːb
柙*ɡraːb
翈*ɡraːb
炠*ɡraːb
鴨*qraːb
庘*qraːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraːb) : phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb) + semantic 鳥／鸟 (“bird”).

Etymology

Shuowen commented that 鴨 is the colloquial name for 鶩 (OC *moɡs, *moːɡ, “duck”). Probably onomatopoeic in origin. Compare Proto-Tani *ǰap (“duck”).

Also meaning "duck" in Old Chinese is 鴄 (OC *pʰid), which is a substrate loanword, possibly from Tai-Kadai or Austroasiatic.

“male prostitute”
By analogy with 雞／鸡 (jī, “female prostitute”, literally “chicken”). First used in 1991 film 《雞鴨戀》. (Zhang, 2018)

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): yā (ya1)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄚ
    (Chengdu, SP): ya2
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): aap3, aap3-2
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ap1
  • Gan (Wiktionary): ngat6
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ap
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ab5
  • Jin (Wiktionary): iah4
  • Min Bei (KCR): ă
  • Min Dong (BUC): ák
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): ah / ap
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ah4
  • Wu (Wiktionary): aq (T4)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): ia6 / nga6
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yā
      • Zhuyin: ㄧㄚ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: ya
      • Wade–Giles: ya1
      • Yale: yā
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ia
      • Palladius: я (ja)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵⁵/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: ya2
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: aap3, aap3-2
      • Yale: aap, áap
      • Cantonese Pinyin: aap8, aap8-2
      • Guangdong Romanization: ab3, ab3-2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /aːp̚³/, /aːp̚³⁻³⁵/
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: ap1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ap̚³³/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: ngat6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ŋat̚⁵/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ap
      • Hakka Romanization System: ab`
      • Hagfa Pinyim: ab5
      • Sinological IPA: /ap̚²/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: ab5
      • Sinological IPA: /ap̚¹/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: iah4
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /iaʔ²/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ă
      • Sinological IPA (key): /a²⁴/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: ák
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ɑʔ²⁴/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ah
      • Tâi-lô: ah
      • Phofsit Daibuun: aq
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /aʔ³²/
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /aʔ⁵/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ap
      • Tâi-lô: ap
      • Phofsit Daibuun: ab
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ap̚³²/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /ap̚⁵/
Note:
  • ah - vernacular;
  • ap - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: ah4
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ah
      • Sinological IPA (key): /aʔ²/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: aq (T4)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /a̱ʔ⁵⁵/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: ia6 / nga6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ia̠²⁴/, /ŋa̠²⁴/
  • Dialectal data
VarietyLocation
edit
鴨
MandarinBeijing/ia⁵⁵/
Harbin/ia⁴⁴/
Tianjin/iɑ²¹/
Jinan/ia²¹³/
Qingdao/ia⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou/ia²⁴/
Xi'an/ia²¹/
Xining/ia⁴⁴/
Yinchuan/ia¹³/
Lanzhou/ia¹³/
Ürümqi/ia²¹³/
Wuhan/ia²¹³/
Chengdu/ia³¹/
Guiyang/ia²¹/
Kunming/ia̠³¹/
Nanjing/iɑʔ⁵/
Hefei/iɐʔ⁵/
JinTaiyuan/iaʔ²/
Pingyao/ŋʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot/iaʔ⁴³/
WuShanghai/aʔ⁵/
Suzhou/aʔ⁵/
Hangzhou/ʔiɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou/a²¹³/
HuiShexian/ŋaʔ²¹/
Tunxi/ŋɔ⁵/
XiangChangsha/ia²⁴/
/ŋa²⁴/
Xiangtan/ŋɒ²⁴/
GanNanchang/ŋaʔ⁵/
HakkaMeixian/ap̚¹/
Taoyuan/ɑp̚²²/
CantoneseGuangzhou/ap̚³/
Nanning/ap̚³³/
Hong Kong/ap̚³/
MinXiamen (Min Nan)/ap̚³²/
/aʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong)/ɑʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei)/a²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan)/aʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan)/a⁵⁵/
  • Middle Chinese: /ʔˠap̚/
Rime
Character鴨
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)影 (34)
Final (韻)銜 (150)
Tone (調)Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)II
Fanqie烏甲切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ʔˠap̚/
Pan
Wuyun		/ʔᵚap̚/
Shao
Rongfen		/ʔap̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ʔaɨp̚/
Li
Rong		/ʔap̚/
Wang
Li		/ap̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ʔap̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		ya
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		aap3
  • Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qraːb/
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character鴨
Reading #1/1
No.5944
Phonetic
component		甲
Rime
group		盍
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		鴨
Old
Chinese		/*qraːb/
Notes或從邑聲
鴨/鸭

Definitions

鴨

  1. duck (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
    北京烤鴨／北京烤鸭  ―  Běijīng kǎoyā  ―  Peking duck
  2. (slang) male prostitute (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
    Coordinate term: 雞／鸡 (jī)
  3. (Mainland China Mandarin, neologism, slang) Eye dialect spelling of 呀 (ya, “sentence-final particle”). [since 2018]

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 鴨子 (“duck”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Classical Chinese鴨
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)鴨
Taxonomic name鴨
MandarinBeijing鴨子
Taiwan鴨子
Harbin鴨子
Yantai (Muping)鴨巴子
Jinan鴨子
Luoyang鴨子
Wanrong鴨兒
Zhengzhou鴨子, 鴨
Xi'an鴨子
Yinchuan鴨子
Lanzhou鴨子
Xining鴨子, 鴨鴨
Ürümqi鴨子
Wuhan鴨子
Huanggang鴨子
Chengdu鴨子, 鴨兒
Guiyang鴨子, 鴨哩哩 childish
Liuzhou鴨子, 鴨
Xuzhou鴨子
Yangzhou鴨子, 扁嘴王 humorous
Nanjing鴨子
Hefei鴨子
Nantong鴨子
Malaysia鴨
Singapore鴨
CantoneseGuangzhou鴨, 扁嘴
Hong Kong鴨
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)鴨
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)鴨
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)鴨
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)鴨
Macau鴨
Guangzhou (Panyu)鴨
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)鴨
Guangzhou (Conghua)鴨
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)鴨
Foshan鴨
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)鴨
Foshan (Shunde)鴨
Foshan (Sanshui)鴨
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)鴨
Zhongshan (Shiqi)鴨
Zhuhai (Qianshan)鴨
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)鴨
Zhuhai (Doumen)鴨
Jiangmen (Baisha)鴨
Jiangmen (Xinhui)鴨
Taishan鴨
Kaiping (Chikan)鴨
Enping (Niujiang)鴨
Heshan (Yayao)鴨
Dongguan鴨
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)鴨
Shaoguan鴨仔
Yunfu鴨
Yangjiang鴨
Xinyi鴨
Lianjiang鴨
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)鴨
Singapore (Guangfu)鴨
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)鴨
GanNanchang鴨子, 鴨
Lichuan鴨兒
Pingxiang鴨
HakkaMeixian鴨仔
Changting鴨子
Wuping鴨子
Ninghua鴨仔
Yudu鴨子
Miaoli (N. Sixian)鴨仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)鴨仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)鴨仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)鴨
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)鴨仔, 鴨
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)鴨
Hong Kong鴨
Senai (Huiyang)鴨
HuizhouJixi鴨
JinTaiyuan鴨子
Pingyao鴨子
Xinzhou鴨子
Hohhot鴨子
Min BeiJian'ou鴨
Min DongFuzhou鴨, 鴨囝
Fuqing鴨
Matsu鴨
Min NanXiamen鴨, 鴨仔, 闊喙婆 humorous
Quanzhou鴨, 鴨仔, 闊喙婆 humorous
Zhangzhou鴨, 鴨仔, 闊喙婆 humorous
Dongshan鴨
Taipei鴨仔
New Taipei (Sanxia)鴨仔
Kaohsiung鴨仔
Yilan鴨仔
Changhua (Lukang)鴨仔
Taichung鴨
Tainan鴨仔
Hsinchu鴨
Kinmen鴨
Penghu (Magong)鴨
Penang (Hokkien)鴨
Singapore (Hokkien)鴨
Manila (Hokkien)鴨
Zhangping (Yongfu)鴨
Chaozhou鴨
Shantou鴨
Jieyang鴨
Haifeng鴨咪
Johor Bahru (Teochew)鴨
Singapore (Teochew)鴨
Haikou鴨
Singapore (Hainanese)鴨
Southern PinghuaNanning (Tingzi)鴨, 老扁 secret language
ShehuaFu'an鴨
Fuding鴨
Luoyuan鴨
Sanming鴨
Shunchang鴨
Hua'an鴨
Guixi (Zhangping)鴨
Cangnan鴨
Jingning鴨
Lishui鴨
Longyou鴨
Chaozhou鴨
Fengshun鴨
WuShanghai鴨子, 鴨, 鴨里里 childish
Shanghai (Chongming)鴨
Suzhou鴨, 鴨連連
Wuxi鴨, 鴨連連
Danyang鴨子, 鴨
Hangzhou鴨兒
Ningbo鴨, 鴨兒, 茄茄鴨 childish
Wenzhou水雞, 鴨, 嘎嘎 childish, 嘎嘎囉 childish
Jinhua鴨, 鴨兒
XiangChangsha鴨
Loudi鴨
Shuangfeng鴨
Dialectal synonyms of 男妓 (“male prostitute”) [map]
Variety Location Words
edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)男妓, 妓男, 男娼
MandarinBeijing老泡兒, 兔兒爺, 妞兒夾子
Taiwan男妓, 牛郎, 鴨
Chengdu㚻子, 鴨子, 兔兒, 吃相飯的, 吃相公飯的
Malaysia鴨
Singapore鴨
CantoneseHong Kong男妓, 鴨
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)鴨
Singapore (Guangfu)鴨
Min BeiJian'ou桃脯
Min NanXiamen契弟, 阿倌
Taipei龜精 GT
Singapore (Hokkien)鴨, 阿倌
WuShanghai屁精, 兔子
Suzhou相公
Jinhua雄婊子
XiangChangsha幺它
NoteGT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds

Derived terms from 鴨

References

  • “Entry #12123”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

鴨

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

  • Go-on: よう (yō)←えふ (efu, historical)
  • Kan-on: おう (ō)←あふ (afu, historical)
  • Kun: かも (kamo, 鴨); あひる (ahiru, 鴨)

Etymology 1

鴨 (kamo): a pair of ducks.
Kanji in this term
鴨
かも
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Unknown. Possibly alteration of Old Japanese 浮かむ (ukamu, “to float”), modern 浮かぶ (ukabu). Alternatively, may derive from Middle Chinese 雁 (MC ŋˠanH, “a type of wild goose”), borrowed with the kan'on reading gan, with initial g changing to k due to the avoidance of voiced stops at the start of Japanese words in older times, and final n changing to mu due to apparent lack of final n in Old Japanese.

Alternative forms

  • 鳧

Pronunciation

  • Kun’yomi
    • (Tokyo) か​も [káꜜmò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
    • IPA(key): [ka̠mo̞]

Noun

鴨(かも) • (kamo) 

  1. a duck
  2. (slang) (from the way ducks return to the same place and are thus easy to hunt) a mark or easy target for a swindle, someone who is likely to lose at gambling or other competition
  3. (slang) (from the good flavor of duck meat) short for 鴨の味 (kamo no aji, “duck flavor”): a very good flavor; by extension, any remarkably good sensation or feeling, particularly describing happy married life
  4. (slang) (from the uniform of black clothing) short for 黒鴨 (kurogamo, “black duck”): a male servant, such as a butler or chauffeur (compare English penguin)
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カモ.

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 鴨(かも)る (kamoru): “to make a duck of someone”: to skillfully or cunningly beat out an opponent, such as in gambling or a swindle
  • 黒鴨(くろがも) (kurogamo): common scoter
  • 鴨嘴(かものはし) (kamonohashi): platypus
See also
  • 家鴨(あひる), 鶩(あひる) (ahiru): a domestic duck

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鴨
かも
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Probably from the duck sense above, in reference to the 鴨川 (Kamogawa, literally “duck river”) flowing through Kyoto.

Alternative forms

  • 賀茂

Pronunciation

  • Kun’yomi
    • IPA(key): [ka̠mo̞]

Proper noun

鴨(かも) • (Kamo) 

  1. a surname
  2. any of various places, particularly in Kyoto

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
鴨
あひる
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Rare alternative spelling for 家鴨 (ahiru). See that entry for fuller details.

Pronunciation

  • Kun’yomi
    • (Tokyo) あひる [àhírú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
    • IPA(key): [a̠çiɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

鴨(あひる) • (ahiru) 

  1. (rare) alternative spelling of 家鴨: a domestic duck, Anas platyrhynchos var. domesticus, descended from the mallard

References

  1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

鴨 (eumhun 오리 압 (ori ap))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Middle Vietnamese

Alternative forms

  • 𩿠
  • 𪆧

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *viːt.

Noun

鴨 (uịt)

  1. duck, drake

Descendants

  • Vietnamese: vịt (鴨)

Vietnamese

Han character

鴨: Hán Nôm readings: áp, vịt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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