鯖

鯖

See also: 鲭

鯖 U+9BD6, 鯖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BD6 ← 鯕 [U+9BD5] CJK Unified Ideographs 鯗 → [U+9BD7]

Translingual

Han character

鯖 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+8, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓火手一月 (NFQMB), four-corner 2532₇, composition ⿰魚青 (GHT) or ⿰魚靑 (JKV))

References

• KangXi: page 1472, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46210
• Dae Jaweon: page 2004, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4694, character 3
• Unihan data for U+9BD6

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Chinese

trad.		鯖
simp.		鲭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
猜	*sʰlɯː
輤	*sʰleːns
綪	*sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩	*sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈	*sʰleːns
蒨	*sʰeːns
篟	*sʰeːns
生	*sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲	*sreŋ
笙	*sreŋ
甥	*sreŋ
鉎	*sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄	*sreŋ
鼪	*sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩	*sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌	*sreŋ
眚	*sreŋʔ
貹	*sreŋs
崝	*zreːŋ
精	*ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁	*ʔsleŋ
鶄	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱	*ʔsleŋ
婧	*ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐	*ʔsleŋ
聙	*ʔsleŋ
旌	*ʔsleŋ
清	*sʰleŋ
圊	*sʰleŋ
請	*sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊	*sʰleŋs
䝼	*zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚	*zleŋs
情	*zleŋ
晴	*zleŋ
夝	*zleŋ
靜	*zleŋʔ
靖	*zleŋʔ
睲	*seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺	*seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性	*sleŋs
姓	*sleŋs
靗	*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖	*ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青	*sʰleːŋ
靘	*sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅	*sʰleːŋs
胜	*sleːŋ
曐	*sleːŋ
星	*sleːŋ
鮏	*sleːŋ
腥	*seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹	*seːŋ
醒	*seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂	*seːŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qīng (qing¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cing¹
• Min Nan (POJ): cheng / chhéng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qīng
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cing
    • Wade–Giles: chʻing¹
    • Yale: chīng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ching
    • Palladius: цин (cin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: cing¹
    • Yale: chīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsing¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qing¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
    • Tâi-lô: tsing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɪŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhéng
    • Tâi-lô: tshíng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zheang
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiɪŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰeŋ/

Rime
Character	鯖
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	倉經切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰeŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰeŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰeŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰieŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qīng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cing1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鯖
Reading #	2/2
No.	11365
Phonetic component	生
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	靑
Old Chinese	/*sʰleːŋ/

Definitions

鯖

1. mackerel
2. ^† black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)

Compounds

鯖魚／鲭鱼 (qīngyú)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhēng (zheng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
    • Wade–Giles: chêng¹
    • Yale: jēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
    • Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇŋ/

Rime
Character	鯖
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸盈切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiæŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciajŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zing1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔljeŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鯖
Reading #	1/2
No.	11361
Phonetic component	生
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	征
Old Chinese	/*ʔljeŋ/

Definitions

鯖

1. (alt. form 𦙫) stew or chowder of fish and meat

Compounds

五侯鯖／五侯鲭

侯鯖／侯鲭

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Japanese

Kanji

鯖

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. mackerel

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: せい (sei)
• Kun: さば (saba, 鯖)

Compounds

• 胡麻(ゴマ)鯖(サバ) (gomasaba), 丸鯖(マルサバ) (marusaba, “blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus)”)
• 二(ニ)条(ジョウ)鯖(サバ) (nijō-saba, “double-lined mackerel (Grammatorcynus bilineatus)”)
• 本(ホン)鯖(サバ) (honsaba), 真(マ)鯖(サバ) (masaba, “chub mackerel”)

Etymology 1

鯖 (saba): a mackerel.

Kanji in this term
鯖
さば Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Uncertain. Possibly cognate with 秋刀魚 (sanma, “Pacific saury”), which can be translated to "mackerel pike".

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) さば [sàbá] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [sa̠ba̠]

Noun

鯖(さば) • (saba) 

1. mackerel, especially chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus)

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サバ.

Synonyms

• (mackerel): 青鯖(アオサバ) (aosaba)

Derived terms

• 鯖(さば)を読(よ)む (saba o yomu, “to manipulate figures”)
• 鯖(さば)折(お)り (sabaori)
• 鯖缶(さばかん) (sabakan, “canned mackerel”)
• 鯖節(さばぶし) (sababushi)
• 秋鯖(あきさば) (akisaba)
• 締(し)め鯖(さば) (shimesaba, “soused mackerel”)

Etymology 2

鯖 (saba): a server computer.

Kanji in this term
鯖
さば Hyōgaiji (ateji)
kun’yomi

Abbreviation and punning of サーバー (sābā, “server”), ultimately from English server. This kanji is an ateji (当て字).

Noun

鯖(さば) • (saba) 

1. (slang, computing) server

Usage notes

• The usage of this kanji is commonly used among online audiences, especially in online gaming.

Derived terms

• 鯖缶(さばかん) (sabakan, “server administrator”)
• 鯖管(さばかん) (sabakan, “server administrator”)
• 串鯖(くしさば) (kushisaba, “proxy server”)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Further reading

• Etymology entry for 鯖 at Gogen-Yurai Jiten (Etymology and Origin Dictionary; in Japanese): http://gogen-allguide.com/sa/saba.html

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Korean

鯖 : mackerel

鯡 : herring

Hanja

鯖 (eumhun 고등어 청 (godeung'eo cheong))

1. mackerel

Synonyms

• 鯖魚 (청어, cheong-eo)

See also

• 靑魚 (청어, cheong-eo) herring (鯡, 鯡魚)

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Vietnamese

Han character

鯖: Hán Nôm readings: thanh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation