鮫

鮫

See also: 鲛

鮫 U+9BAB, 鮫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BAB ← 鮪 [U+9BAA] CJK Unified Ideographs 鮬 → [U+9BAC]

Translingual

Han character

鮫 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓火卜金大 (NFYCK), four-corner 2034₈, composition ⿰魚交)

References

• KangXi: page 1469, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46127
• Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4688, character 4
• Unihan data for U+9BAB

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Chinese

trad.		鮫
simp.		鲛

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (交) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
烄	*keːws, *kreːwʔ
礮	*pʰreːws
交	*kreːw
郊	*kreːw
茭	*kreːw, *kreːwʔ, *ɡreːwʔ
蛟	*kreːw
鮫	*kreːw
鵁	*kreːw
咬	*kreːw, *ŋɡreːwʔ, *qreːw
鉸	*kreːw, *kreːwʔ, *kreːws
佼	*kreːw, *kreːwʔ, *ɡreːwʔ
詨	*kreːw, *qʰreːws, *ɡreːws
絞	*kreːwʔ
狡	*kreːwʔ
姣	*kreːwʔ, *ɡreːw
筊	*kreːwʔ, *ɡreːw
校	*kreːws, *ɡreːws
珓	*kreːws
跤	*kʰreːw
頝	*kʰreːw
骹	*kʰraːw
齩	*ŋɡreːwʔ
洨	*ɡreːw
胶	*ɡreːw
效	*ɡreːws
効	*ɡreːws
傚	*ɡreːws
皎	*keːwʔ
恔	*keːwʔ
晈	*keːwʔ
窔	*qeːws
駮	*pqreːwɢ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiāo (jiao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau¹
• Min Nan (POJ): kau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiao
    • Wade–Giles: chiao¹
    • Yale: jyāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiau
    • Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaau¹
    • Yale: gāau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gao¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːu̯⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau
    • Tâi-lô: kau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠau/

Rime
Character	鮫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古肴切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/kau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨw/
Li Rong	/kau/
Wang Li	/kau/
Bernard Karlgren	/kau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaau1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kreːw/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鮫
Reading #	1/1
No.	6300
Phonetic component	交
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	交
Old Chinese	/*kreːw/

Definitions

鮫

1. (literary, or in compounds) shark (scaleless cartilaginous fish)

Synonyms

• 鯊魚／鲨鱼 (shāyú)

Compounds

琵琶鮫／琵琶鲛 銀鮫／银鲛 (yínjiāo) 鋸鮫／锯鲛 (jùjiāo) 長尾鮫／长尾鲛

青鮫／青鲛 (qīngjiāo) 馬鮫魚／马鲛鱼 騾鮫／骡鲛

鮫人／鲛人 鮫函／鲛函 鮫綃／鲛绡

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Japanese

Kanji

鮫

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. shark

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)^{←けう (keu, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}
• Kun: さめ (same, 鮫); みずち (mizuchi, 鮫)^{←みづち (miduti, historical)}

Etymology

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *samay.[1]

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
鮫
さめ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) さめ [sàmé] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [sa̠me̞]

Noun

鮫(さめ) • (same) 

1. a shark (fish)
   • 1999 July 5, “グレート・ホワイト [Great White]”, in BOOSTER 3, Konami:

     巨(きょ)大(だい)な白(しろ)いサメ。大(おお)きな口(くち)で噛(か)みつかれたら逃(のが)れられない。

     Kyodai na shiroi same. Ōki na kuchi de kamitsukaretara nogarerarenai.

     A giant white shark. It is utterly impossible to get out of its gigantic biting jaw.

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サメ.

References

1. Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja

鮫 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

鮫: Hán Việt readings: giao[1]

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

1. Trần (2004).