鮪

See also: 鲔

鮪	U+9BAA, 鮪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BAA

← 鮩
[U+9BA9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鮫 →
[U+9BAB]

Translingual

Han character

鮪 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓火大月 (NFKB), four-corner 2432₇, composition ⿰魚有)

kind of sturgeon,

Derived characters

𤃽

References

KangXi: page 1469, character 21

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46126

Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 18

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4685, character 9

Unihan data for U+9BAA

Chinese

trad.		鮪
simp.		鲔

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (又) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
絠	*kɯːʔ
醢	*qʰɯːʔ
珛	*qʰʷɯs
栯	ɢʷɯʔ, qʷɯ
有	*ɢʷɯʔ
友	*ɢʷɯʔ
右	ɢʷɯʔ, ɢʷɯs
宥	*ɢʷɯs
囿	ɢʷɯs, ɡʷɯ
侑	*ɢʷɯs
酭	*ɢʷɯs
姷	*ɢʷɯs
又	*ɢʷɯs
佑	*ɢʷɯs
祐	*ɢʷɯs
賄	*qʰʷɯːʔ
蛕	qʰʷɯːʔ, ɡʷɯː
烠	*ɡʷɯː
倄	ɢraːw, ɢʷɯːʔ
鮪	*ɢʷɯʔ
洧	*ɢʷɯʔ
痏	*ɢʷɯʔ
郁	*qʷɯ
戫	*qʷɯ
哊	*ɡʷɯ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wěi (wei³)
(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fui², wai⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wěi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wěi
  - Wade–Giles: wei³
  - Yale: wěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woei
  - Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fui², wai⁵
  - Yale: fúi, wáih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fui², wai⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: fui², wei⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuːi̯³⁵/, /wɐi̯¹³/

Middle Chinese: /ɦˠiuɪ^X/

Rime
Character	鮪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	脂 (18)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	榮美切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠiuɪ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuɪ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦjwi^X/
Li Rong	/ɣjui^X/
Wang Li	/ɣwi^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/wi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wěi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷrəʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鮪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wěi
Middle Chinese	‹ hwij^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷrəʔ/
English	sturgeon
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鮪
Reading #	1/1
No.	15612
Phonetic component	又
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	洧
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯʔ/

Definitions

鮪

Chinese paddlefish or Chinese swordfish; Psephurus gladius
Synonym: 鱘／鲟 (xún)
tuna

Compounds

叔鮪／叔鲔
王鮪／王鲔
白卜鮪／白卜鲔

魚鮪／鱼鲔
鮛鮪／𱇨鲔
鮪釣／鲔钓

鮪魚／鲔鱼 (wěiyú)
鮪魚肚／鲔鱼肚

Japanese

Kanji

鮪

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

tuna

Readings

Go-on: い (i)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kan-on: い (i)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: ゆう (yū)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
Kun: まぐろ (maguro, 鮪); しび (shibi, 鮪)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鮪
まぐろ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Possible compounds include:

目 (ma, “eye, bound form”) +‎ 黒 (kuro, “black”), in reference to their eye color.[1][2]
真 (ma, “true”) +‎ 黒 (kuro, “black”), in reference to the color of their back.[1][2]

The kuro changes to guro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) まぐろ [màgúró] (Heiban – [0])[3][4]
IPA^(key): [ma̠ɡɯ̟ᵝɾo̞]

Noun

鮪(まぐろ) • (maguro)

a tuna (fish of the genusThunnus)
- マンガで分かるLisp (The Manga Guide to Lisp)
  みりん。地(ち)域(いき)猫(ねこ)。最(さい)近(きん)までマクロのことをマグロと思(おも)っていた。
  Mirin. Chiikineko. Saikin made makuro no koto o maguro to omotteita.
  Mirin: A neighbour cat. Until recently often confused macros with tuna [maguro].
Hypernym: 鯖 (saba)
(colloquial) Short for 黒鮪 (kuromaguro): a Pacific bluefin tuna, Thunnus orientalis
(slang) a dead fish (a sexual partner who lies flat during sex)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as マグロ.

Derived terms

鮪(まぐ)茶(ちゃ) (magucha)
磯(イソ)鮪(マグロ) (isomaguro)
インド鮪(まぐろ) (Indo maguro)
梶(カジ)木(キ)鮪(マグロ), 旗魚(カジキ)鮪(マグロ) (kajiki maguro)
黄(キ)肌(ハダ)鮪(マグロ) (kihada maguro), 黄(き)肌(わだ)鮪(まぐろ) (kiwada maguro)
黒(クロ)鮪(マグロ) (kuromaguro)
五島(ごとう)鮪(まぐろ) (Gotō maguro)
塩(しお)鮪(まぐろ) (shiomaguro)
畜(ちく)養(よう)鮪(まぐろ) (chikuyō maguro)
葱(ねぎ)鮪(ま) (negima)
畑(ハタ)鮪(マグロ) (hatamaguro)
鬢(びん)長(なが)鮪(まぐろ) (binnaga maguro)
本(ほん)鮪(まぐろ) (honmaguro)
南(ミナミ)鮪(マグロ) (minami maguro)
めじ鮪(まぐろ) (mejimaguro)

Idioms

鮪(まぐろ)を抱(だ)いて寝(ね)たよう (maguro o daite netayō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鮪
しび Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

⟨sibi₁⟩ → */sibʲi/ → /ɕibi/

From Old Japanese.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

鮪(しび) • (shibi)

(obsolete) a tuna
- 711–712, Kojiki (poem 110)
  意布袁余志(おふをよし)斯毘(しび)都久阿麻余(つくあまよ)斯賀阿禮婆(しがあれば)宇良胡本斯祁牟(うらこほしけむ)斯毘(しび)都久志毘(つくしび) [Man'yōgana]
  大(おふ)魚(を)よししび突(つ)く海人(あま)よ其(し)が離(あ)ればうら恋(ご)ほしけむしび突(つ)く志(し)毘(び) [Modern spelling]
  ouo yoshi shibi tsuku ama yo shi ga areba uragōshikemu shibi tsuku Shibi
  (please add an English translation of this example)
Antonym: めじ (meji)

Derived terms

鮪(しび)節(ぶし) (shibibushi)
糸(いと)鮪(しび) (itoshibi)
蜻(トン)蛉(ボ)鮪(シビ) (tonboshibi)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
鮪
Hyōgaiji
irregular

Appears in the Wakan Sansai Zue (1712).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

鮪(はつ) • (hatsu)

(obsolete) a tuna

Derived terms

鮪(はつ)の身(み) (hatsu no mi)

References

Martin, Samuel E. (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
マグロ／鮪／まぐろ - Gogen Yurai Jiten (in Japanese)
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Relative sizes

Hanja

鮪 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)

(다랑어) tuna, tunny