魄
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Translingual
Han character
魄 (Kangxi radical 194, 鬼+5, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹日竹山戈 (HAHUI), four-corner 26613, composition ⿰白鬼)
Derived characters
- 𡳺 𩏳 𥶱
References
- KangXi: page 1461, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45810
- Dae Jaweon: page 1995, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4431, character 9
- Unihan data for U+9B44
Chinese
trad. | 魄 | |
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simp. # | 魄 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 魄 | |
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Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese | |
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怕 | *pʰraːɡs, *pʰraːɡ |
帕 | *pʰraːɡs, *mbraːd |
粕 | *pʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
胉 | *pʰaːɡ |
泊 | *baːɡ |
箔 | *baːɡ |
魄 | *tʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
皕 | *prɯɡ |
伯 | *praːɡ |
百 | *praːɡ |
迫 | *praːɡ |
敀 | *praːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
柏 | *praːɡ |
湐 | *praːɡ |
拍 | *pʰraːɡ |
珀 | *pʰraːɡ |
皛 | *pʰraːɡ, *ɡeːwʔ |
洦 | *mpʰraːɡ, *mbraːɡ |
白 | *braːɡ |
帛 | *braːɡ |
舶 | *braːɡ |
鮊 | *braːɡ |
陌 | *mbraːɡ |
帞 | *mbraːɡ |
袹 | *mbraːɡ |
蛨 | *mbraːɡ |
貊 | *mbraːɡ |
佰 | *mbraːɡ |
銆 | *mbraːɡ |
碧 | *praɡ, *preɡ |
咟 | *ɦmreːɡ |
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བླ (bla) and Burmese လိပ်ပြာ (lippra).
Related to 白 (OC *braːɡ, “white”) (Schuessler, 2007).
- "illuminated part of the moon"
- Wang (1923) in 《生霸死霸考》 supports the definition by examining textual traditions of the Chinese classics and archaeological evidences from the Western Zhou era (c. 11th–8th centuries BCE). Bronze script texts from the era commonly use the form 霸 (OC *praːɡs).
- "dark part of the moon"
- Chiefly found in some old dictionaries based on another textual tradition, traced by Wang (1923) to the calendrical innovations of Liu Xin and later Confucian "pseudepigraphy".
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
魄
- (religion, folklore) the po, the soul which does not leave the body after death, compared to 魂 (hún) which does.
- soul; spirit
- vigor
- body
- (archaic, Chinese astronomy) bright, illuminated part of the moon
- (obsolete, retroactively proscribed) dark part of the moon
See also
- 魂 (hún)
Compounds
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Descendants
Sino-Xenic (魄):
- → Japanese: 魄 (haku)
- → Korean: 백(魄) (baek)
- → Vietnamese: phách (魄)
Pronunciation 2
Definitions
魄
- sound of falling
- Used in 魄莫.
- Used in 旁魄.
Pronunciation 3
Definitions
魄
- Only used in 落魄 (luòtuò), alternative form of 落拓 (luòtuò).
Japanese
Kanji
魄
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)
- a soul
Readings
- Go-on: ひゃく (hyaku); たく (taku)
- Kan-on: はく (haku); たく (taku)
- On: ばく (baku)
- Kun: たま (tama, 魄); たましい (tamashii, 魄しい)←たましひ (tamasifi, historical)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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魄 |
たま Hyōgaiji |
kun’yomi |
Perhaps from 玉 (tama, “jewel”)
Noun
魄 • (tama)
- Alternative spelling of 魂 (“soul”)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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魄 |
はく Hyōgaiji |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 魄 (phæk).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) はく [háꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA(key): [ha̠kɯ̟ᵝ]
Noun
魄 • (haku)
- (religion, folklore) po (haku), the soul which does not leave the body after death, compared to hun (kon) which does.
- 2004 June 15, Takahashi, Rumiko, “第1話 試作 [Chapter 1: Prototypes]”, in 犬夜叉 [Inuyasha], volume 35 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 8:
- 魂は心…つまり魂だ。そして魄は体を動かす力…
- Kon wa kokoro… Tsumari tamashī da. Soshite haku wa karada o ugokasu chikara…
- Kon is the heart… in other words, the soul. And haku is the force that moves the body…
- 魂は心…つまり魂だ。そして魄は体を動かす力…
- 2004 June 15, Takahashi, Rumiko, “第1話 試作 [Chapter 1: Prototypes]”, in 犬夜叉 [Inuyasha], volume 35 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 8:
- 魄ってやつがあれば、魂のない死骸でも動くんだな。
- Haku tte yatsu ga areba, tamashī no nai shigai de mo ugoku n da na.
- As long as it has this haku thing, even a soulless corpse can move.
- 魄ってやつがあれば、魂のない死骸でも動くんだな。
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Derived terms
- 魂魄 (konpaku)
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 魄 (MC pʰˠæk̚).
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pɛk̚] ~ [pe̞k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [백/벡]
Hanja
Wikisource魄 (eumhun 넋 백 (neok baek))
- Hanja form? of 백 (“soul; spirit”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 혼백 (魂魄, honbaek)
- 요백 (曜魄, yobaek)
- 옥백 (玉魄, okbaek)
- 기백 (氣魄, gibaek)
- 계백 (桂魄, gyebaek)
- 혼비백산 (魂飛魄散, honbibaeksan)
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 魄 (MC tʰɑk̚).
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tʰa̠k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [탁]
Hanja
魄 (eumhun 영락할 탁 (yeongnakhal tak))
- Hanja form? of 탁 (“to wither and fall”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 낙탁 (落魄, naktak)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
魄: Hán Nôm readings: phách
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