鬠

鬠

See also: 𫘽

鬠 U+9B20, 鬠 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B20 ← 鬟 [U+9B1F] CJK Unified Ideographs 鬡 → [U+9B21]

Translingual

Han character

鬠 (Kangxi radical 190, 髟+13, 23 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹人一日 (SHOMA), four-corner 7260₆, composition ⿱髟會)

Related characters

• 𫘽 (form in Simplified Chinese)

Further reading

• KangXi: page 1456, character 55
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45597
• Dae Jaweon: page 1988, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4536, character 12
• Unihan data for U+9B20

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Chinese

trad.		鬠
simp.		𫘽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (會) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
譮	*qʰruːbs
會	*koːbs, *ɡoːbs
儈	*koːbs
膾	*koːbs
鱠	*koːbs
襘	*koːbs
禬	*koːbs, *ɡoːbs
檜	*koːbs, *koːd
旝	*koːbs
澮	*koːbs
鄶	*koːbs
廥	*koːbs
鬠	*koːbs, *ɡoːd
劊	*koːbs, *koːd
獪	*koːbs, *kroːbs
繪	*ɡoːbs
懀	*qoːbs, *qroːbs, *qroːbs
薈	*qoːbs
嬒	*qoːbs, *qoːd
瞺	*qoːbs
噲	*kʰroːbs
璯	*kʰroːbs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *koːbs, *ɡoːd) : semantic 髟 (“appearance of long hair”) + phonetic 會 (OC *koːbs, *ɡoːbs)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuò (kuo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kut³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuò
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuo⁴
    • Yale: kwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuoh
    • Palladius: ко (ko)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰwɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: kut³
    • Yale: kut
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kut⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: kud³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuːt̚³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦuɑt̚/

Rime
Character	鬠
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (64)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	戸括切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwat̚/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑt̚/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wut6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤop-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*koːbs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鬠
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuài
Middle Chinese	‹ kwajH ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁop-s/
English	bind the hair in a knot
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬠
Reading #	1/2
No.	5504
Phonetic component	會
Rime group	蓋
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	儈
Old Chinese	/*koːbs/

Definitions

鬠

1. Alternative form of 髺 (kuò, “to bind one's hair”).

   Synonym: 束髮／束发 (shùfà)

   • 設掩面儇目，鬠而不冠笄矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     设掩面儇目，𫘽而不冠笄矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE

     Shè yǎnmiàn xuān mù, kuò ér bù guàn jī yǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuài (kuai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kui³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuài
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuài
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuai⁴
    • Yale: kwài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
    • Palladius: куай (kuaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰwaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: kui³
    • Yale: kui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kui³
    • Guangdong Romanization: kui³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuːi̯³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /kuɑi^H/

Rime
Character	鬠
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	泰 (26)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古外切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwajH/
Li Rong	/kuɑiH/
Wang Li	/kuɑiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gui3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬠
Reading #	2/2
No.	5521
Phonetic component	會
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	活
Old Chinese	/*ɡoːd/

Definitions

鬠

1. Alternative form of 䯤 (kuài, “to tie one's hair in bright colors”).

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B05914

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Japanese

Kanji

鬠

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. to make a topknot
2. type of ornamental hairpin

Readings

• On (unclassified): かつ (katsu); がち (gachi); かい (kai); け (ke)
• Kun: こうがい (kōgai); もとゆい (motoyui, 鬠)

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 鬠 (MC ɦuɑt̚).

Hanja

鬠 (eumhun 결발할 괄 (gyeolbalhal gwal))

1. (literary) Hanja form^? of 괄 (“to bind one's hair”).
   • 1455, 문종공순대왕실록 (文宗恭順大王實錄) (in Literary Chinese), 이년사월십일 (二年四月十日):

     扶筇就列, 拭目瞻天, 鶴髮髯鬠, 已乏追車之壯, 鮐背傴僂, 祗陳擊壤之歌。

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

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Vietnamese

Han character

鬠: Hán Việt readings: xoáy[1]
鬠: Nôm readings: xoáy[2][3][1][4][5]

1. chữ Hán form of xoáy (“to make a topknot”).
2. Nôm form of xoáy (“to swirl; to whirl”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 鬠頭 (xoáy đầu)
• 渃鬠 (nước xoáy)
• 濫鬠𥙩 (làm xoáy lấy)

References

1. Bonet (1899).
2. Nguyễn (2014).
3. Trần (2004).
4. Génibrel (1898).
5. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).