馴鹿

See also: 驯鹿

Chinese

		attain gradually; tame	deer
trad. (馴鹿)		馴	鹿
simp. (驯鹿)		驯	鹿

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xùnlù, xúnlù
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˋ ㄌㄨˋ, ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄌㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): seon⁴ luk^6-2, seon⁴ luk⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xùnlù
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˋ ㄌㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syùnlù
  - Wade–Giles: hsün⁴-lu⁴
  - Yale: syùn-lù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiunnluh
  - Palladius: сюньлу (sjunʹlu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xúnlù
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄌㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syúnlù
  - Wade–Giles: hsün²-lu⁴
  - Yale: syún-lù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyunluh
  - Palladius: сюньлу (sjunʹlu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn³⁵ lu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: seon⁴ luk^6-2, seon⁴ luk⁶
  - Yale: sèuhn lúk, sèuhn luhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soen⁴ luk^9-2, soen⁴ luk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sên⁴ lug^6-2, sên⁴ lug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn²¹ lʊk̚²⁻³⁵/, /sɵn²¹ lʊk̚²/

Noun

馴鹿

(obsolete) domesticated deer
reindeer

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (馴鹿):

→ Japanese: 馴(じゅん)鹿(ろく) (junroku)
→ Korean: 순록(馴鹿) (sullok)
→ Vietnamese: tuần lộc (馴鹿)

Japanese

馴鹿 (tonakai, junroku): a reindeer.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
馴	鹿
Jinmeiyō	Grade: 4
irregular

Borrowing from Ainu,[1][2][3][4] either トナッカイ (tonakkai, recorded as Sakhalin dialect),[4][5] or トゥナㇵカィ (tunahkay, listed in contemporary Ainu sources).[6] The kanji are an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 馴鹿.

Pronunciation

(Irregular reading)

(Tokyo) トナカイ [tònáꜜkàì] (Nakadaka – [2])[2][4]
IPA^(key): [to̞na̠ka̠i]

Noun

馴鹿(トナカイ) • (tonakai)

a reindeer

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as トナカイ. The kanji spelling is also less common in general use.

Synonyms

カリブー (karibū)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
馴	鹿
じゅん Jinmeiyō	ろく Grade: 4
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 馴鹿 (MC ziuɪn luk̚, “tame, docile + deer”). Compare modern Cantonese readings seon⁴ luk⁶, seon⁴ luk^6-2, Mandarin xùnlù, xúnlù, Korean 순록 (sullok), and Vietnamese tuần lộc.

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Goon

(Tokyo) じゅんろく [jùńrókú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [(d͡)ʑɨ̃ᵝnɾo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

馴(じゅん)鹿(ろく) • (junroku)

(rare) a reindeer

References

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Batchelor, John (1926) An Ainu-English-Japanese Dictionary‎, third edition, Tokyo: Kyobunkan
中級アイヌ語―美幌― (Chūkyū Ainu-go - Bihoro, “Intermediate Ainu: Bihoro”)‎, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan: 財団法人アイヌ文化振興・研究推進機構 (Zaidan Hōjin Ainu Bunka Shinkō / Kenkyū Suishin Kikō, “Foundation for the Advancement, Research, and Promotion of Ainu Culture”), 2011, archived from the original on 2016-03-05

[KDJ-1] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[3] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[SMK5-4] 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[Batchelor-5] Batchelor, John (1926) An Ainu-English-Japanese Dictionary‎, third edition, Tokyo: Kyobunkan

[IntAin-6] 中級アイヌ語―美幌― (Chūkyū Ainu-go - Bihoro, “Intermediate Ainu: Bihoro”)‎, Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan: 財団法人アイヌ文化振興・研究推進機構 (Zaidan Hōjin Ainu Bunka Shinkō / Kenkyū Suishin Kikō, “Foundation for the Advancement, Research, and Promotion of Ainu Culture”), 2011, archived from the original on 2016-03-05