馬鈴薯

See also: 马铃薯

Chinese

		bell tied to a horse; sleigh bell; jingle bell	potato; yam
trad. (馬鈴薯)		馬鈴	薯
simp. (马铃薯)		马铃	薯

Etymology

The earliest known attestation in Chinese is found in the Kangxi edition of the Gazetteer of Songxi County (《松溪縣志》), published in 1700, but based on its description, it is improbable that it referred to the potato but, instead, referred to the air potato (Dioscorea bulbifera) (Xiang, 2018). The name probably originally made reference to the way air potatoes look like bells used in the tack for horses.

Alternatively, considering this word is mainly distributed in the South, and that other forms in the area, such as 荷蘭薯／荷兰薯 and 番仔番薯, usually include a modifier meaning “foreign”, Suzuki (2013) suggests that 馬鈴／马铃 (mǎlíng) may be a variant of 馬來／马来 (Mǎlái, “Malay”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mǎlíngshǔ
(Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): maa⁵ ling⁴ syu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mâ-làng-sù / mâ-lìn-sù
(Meixian, Guangdong): ma¹ lang² su²
Min Bei (KCR): mǎ-lâing-cṳ̂
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): má-lêng-chû / má-lêng-chîr / má-lêng-chî / bé-lêng-chû / bé-lêng-chîr / bé-lêng-chî
(Teochew, Peng'im): bhê² lêng⁵ ze⁵ / bhê² lêng¹ ze⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mǎlíngshǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄕㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mǎlíngshǔ
  - Wade–Giles: ma³-ling²-shu³
  - Yale: mǎ-líng-shǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maalingshuu
  - Palladius: малиншу (malinšu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ liŋ³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: maa⁵ ling⁴ syu⁴
  - Yale: máh lìhng syùh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maa⁵ ling⁴ sy⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ma⁵ ling⁴ xu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maː¹³ lɪŋ²¹ ʃyː²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ-làng-sù
  - Hakka Romanization System: ma´ langˇ suˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ma¹ lang² su²
  - Sinological IPA: /ma²⁴ laŋ¹¹ su¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ-làng-sù / mâ-lìn-sù
  - Hakka Romanization System: ma´ langˇ suˇ / ma´ linˇ suˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ma¹ lang² su² / ma¹ lin² su²
  - Sinological IPA: /ma²⁴ laŋ¹¹ su¹¹/, /ma²⁴ lin¹¹ su¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ma¹ lang² su²
  - Sinological IPA: /ma⁴⁴⁻³⁵ laŋ¹¹ su¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mǎ-lâing-cṳ̂
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma²¹ laiŋ³³ t͡sy³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Tainan, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-lêng-chû
  - Tâi-lô: má-lîng-tsû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: maflengzuu
  - IPA (Taipei): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
  - IPA (Tainan): /mã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ liɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ t͡su²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-lêng-chîr
  - Tâi-lô: má-lîng-tsîr
  - IPA (Lukang): /mã⁵⁵⁻³⁵ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sɨ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sɯ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-lêng-chî
  - Tâi-lô: má-lîng-tsî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: maflengcii
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡ɕi²³/
  - IPA (Yilan): /mã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ liɪŋ²⁴⁻³³ t͡ɕi²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡ɕi¹³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-lêng-chû
  - Tâi-lô: bé-lîng-tsû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: beflengzuu
  - IPA (Taipei): /be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-lêng-chîr
  - Tâi-lô: bé-lîng-tsîr
  - IPA (Lukang): /be⁵⁵⁻³⁵ liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sɨ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bé-lêng-chî
  - Tâi-lô: bé-lîng-tsî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: beflengcii
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bhê² lêng⁵ ze⁵ / bhê² lêng¹ ze⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bé lêng tsṳ̂ / bé leng tsṳ̂
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /be⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ⁵⁵/, /be⁵²⁻³⁵ leŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵/

Noun

馬鈴薯

potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 馬鈴薯 (“potato”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		馬鈴薯
Taxonomic name		馬鈴薯
Mandarin	Beijing	土豆兒, 山藥蛋 dated
	Taiwan	馬鈴薯, 洋芋
	Tianjin	土豆兒, 山藥豆, 山藥豆兒, 山藥
	Langfang	土豆兒
	Chengde	土豆兒, 山藥
	Tangshan	土豆兒, 馬鈴薯
	Cangzhou	土豆兒
	Baoding	土豆兒, 山藥蛋
	Shijiazhuang	土豆兒, 山藥蛋
	Daming	土豆兒
	Ulanhot	土豆
	Tongliao	土豆
	Chifeng	土豆兒, 山藥, 馬鈴薯
	Bayanhot	山藥蛋, 山藥
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	土豆, 馬鈴薯
	Heihe	土豆兒
	Qiqihar	土豆兒, 山藥
	Harbin	土豆兒, 土豆子, 地豆兒, 地豆子, 山豆兒
	Jiamusi	土豆兒, 山豆子
	Baicheng	土豆兒
	Changchun	土豆子
	Tonghua	土豆
	Shenyang	土豆, 土豆兒, 馬鈴薯
	Dandong	土豆兒, 地豆兒
	Jinzhou	土豆兒, 土豆子, 馬鈴薯
	Dalian	地豆子
	Yantai	地豆子, 地蛋子
	Yantai (Muping)	地蛋子, 地豆子
	Qingdao	土豆兒, 土豆, 地蛋兒
	Lijin	土豆兒, 地蛋
	Zhucheng	地蛋
	Jinan	地蛋, 土豆兒
	Jining	土豆, 地蛋
	Luoyang	洋芋, 山藥蛋兒, 土豆
	Wanrong	洋芋子, 土豆
	Shangqiu	土豆兒, 山藥蛋, 馬鈴薯
	Yuanyang	馬鈴薯
	Zhengzhou	土豆兒, 山藥蛋 suburbs
	Lingbao	土豆, 洋芋
	Xinyang	土豆
	Baihe	洋芋
	Hanzhong	馬鈴薯, 洋芋
	Xi'an	洋芋, 土豆兒
	Baoji	洋芋
	Yinchuan	山芋, 山芋蛋, 土豆
	Tianshui	洋芋
	Lanzhou	洋芋
	Dunhuang	洋芋
	Xining	洋芋, 洋芋蛋蛋
	Hami	洋芋
	Ürümqi	洋芋
	Ürümqi (Changshanzi)	洋芋
	Wuhan	洋苕, 洋芋, 土豆
	Huanggang	土豆兒, 洋芋
	Yichang	土豆兒, 馬鈴薯
	Xiangyang	土豆兒, 洋芋
	Tianmen	土豆, 洋芋, 馬鈴薯
	Hong'an	土豆
	Chengdu	洋芋
	Nanchong	土豆, 洋芋
	Dazhou	洋芋
	Hanyuan	洋芋
	Xichang	洋芋
	Zigong	洋芋
Chongqing	洋芋
Guiyang	洋芋
Zunyi	洋芋
Bijie	洋芋
Liping	洋芋
Zhaotong	洋芋
Dali	洋芋
Kunming	洋芋, 山芋頭, 馬鈴薯
Mengzi	洋芋
Guilin	馬鈴薯
Guilin (Lingui)	馬鈴薯
Liuzhou	馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
Liuzhou (Luorong)	馬鈴薯
Nanning (Wuming)	馬鈴薯
Jishou	土豆, 洋芋
Changde	洋芋頭
Yongzhou	馬鈴薯
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	土豆, 洋芋
Anqing	土豆, 馬鈴薯
Xuzhou	土豆兒, 土豆子, 地豆子
Fuyang	馬鈴薯
Wuhu	洋山芋, 馬鈴薯
Yangzhou	洋山芋
Lianyungang	土豆, 地蛋
Lianshui	馬鈴薯
Nanjing	洋山芋, 土豆兒
Hefei	馬鈴薯, 洋山芋, 土豆
Nantong	洋番芋
Yanping	洋番芋
Malaysia	馬鈴薯
Singapore	馬鈴薯
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	洋芋
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	洋芋
Kokang	洋芋
Mae Salong (Lancang)	洋芋
Mae Sai (Tengchong)	馬鈴薯
Cantonese	Guangzhou	薯仔, 荷蘭薯 dated
	Hong Kong	薯仔, 荷蘭薯 dated
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	荷蘭薯
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	薯仔
	Macau	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	薯仔
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	馬鈴薯
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	薯仔
	Foshan	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	荷蘭薯
	Foshan (Shunde)	荷蘭薯
	Foshan (Sanshui)	薯仔
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	薯仔
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	荷蘭薯
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	荷蘭薯
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	薯仔
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	薯仔, 馬鈴薯
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	馬鈴薯
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	馬鈴薯
	Taishan	馬鈴薯, 薯仔
	Kaiping (Chikan)	馬鈴薯, 薯仔
	Enping (Niujiang)	馬鈴薯
	Heshan (Yayao)	薯仔
	Dongguan	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	荷蘭薯
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	薯仔
	Qingyuan	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Fogang	馬鈴薯, 薯仔
	Yingde (Hanguang)	馬鈴薯
	Yangshan	馬鈴薯
	Lianshan (Butian)	馬鈴薯
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	馬鈴薯
	Shaoguan	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	荷蘭薯
	Renhua	荷蘭薯
	Lechang	馬鈴薯
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	咖喱薯, 荷蘭薯
	Sihui	薯仔, 荷蘭薯
	Guangning	雪薯, 馬鈴薯
	Deqing	加里薯, 馬鈴薯
	Huaiji	馬鈴薯
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	馬鈴薯
	Yunfu	冬薯
	Xinxing	薯仔
	Luoding	馬鈴薯
	Yunan (Pingtai)	馬鈴薯
	Yangjiang	馬鈴薯
	Xinyi	荷蘭薯, 冬薯
	Lianjiang	薯仔
	Nanning	馬鈴薯
	Wuzhou	馬鈴薯, 薯仔, 冬姑
	Yulin	馬鈴薯, 地姑
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	馬鈴薯
	Hepu (Shatian)	馬鈴薯
	Guiping	馬鈴薯
	Mengshan (Xihe)	馬鈴薯
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	馬鈴薯
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	馬鈴薯
	Baise	馬鈴薯
	Bobai	馬鈴薯
	Lingshan	馬鈴薯
Pubei	馬鈴薯
Qinzhou	馬鈴薯
Beihai	土豆, 馬鈴薯
Beihai (Nankang)	馬鈴薯
Beihai (Yingpan)	馬鈴薯
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	薯仔
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	薯仔
Ningming	馬鈴薯
Hengxian	馬鈴薯
Hezhou (Pumen)	馬鈴薯
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	薯仔
Danzhou	馬鈴薯
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	荷蘭薯
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	薯仔
Móng Cái	馬鈴薯, 薯仔
Yangon (Taishan)	薯仔
Mandalay (Taishan)	薯仔
Gan	Nanchang	洋芋頭, 土豆
	Lichuan	土豆, 山藥薯
	Pingxiang	洋芋仔
Hakka	Meixian	馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	荷蘭薯, 馬鈴薯, 薯仔
	Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	荷蘭薯
	Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Boluo (Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	薯仔
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	荷蘭薯, 馬鈴薯
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	荷蘭薯
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	荷蘭薯
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	馬鈴薯
	Wuhua (Changbu)	馬鈴薯
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)	鈴薯
	Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)	馬鈴薯
	Liannan	荷蘭薯
	Conghua (Lütian)	馬鈴薯
	Changting	洋芋子
	Yudu	馬鈴薯
	Ruijin	土豆
	Shicheng	土豆
	Shangyou (Shexi)	馬鈴薯
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	馬鈴薯
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	馬鈴薯
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	馬鈴薯
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	馬鈴薯
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	馬鈴薯
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	馬鈴薯
	Hong Kong	荷蘭薯, 薯仔
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	馬鈴薯
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	馬鈴薯
	Mashan (Pianlian)	馬鈴薯
	Sabah (Longchuan)	薯仔
	Senai (Huiyang)	荷蘭薯
	Kuching (Hepo)	荷蘭薯
	Singkawang	蕳砃
Huizhou	Jixi	洋芋, 洋芋頭
	Shexian	洋芋頭, 洋山芋
	Tunxi	馬鈴芋
	Xiuning	馬鈴芋
	Yixian	洋芋頭
	Qimen	馬鈴薯
	Wuyuan	芋頭, 馬鈴薯
	Fuliang	洋芋頭
	Dexing	馬鈴薯
Jin	Taiyuan	山藥蛋
	Pingyao	山藥蛋
	Yangyuan	山藥蛋, 山藥
	Datong	山藥
	Xinzhou	山藥, 山藥蛋
	Lishi	山藥蛋兒, 山藥, 山蔓菁
	Linfen	山藥蛋兒
	Changzhi	地瓜蛋兒
	Taibus (Baochang)	山藥
	Linhe	山藥, 土豆
	Jining	山藥, 山藥蛋
	Hohhot	山藥, 土豆
	Baotou	山藥
	Dongsheng	山藥
	Haibowan	山藥蛋
	Erenhot	山藥蛋
	Pingshan	山藥蛋
	Zhangjiakou	土豆, 土豆兒, 山藥
	Handan	土豆兒, 馬鈴薯, 山藥蛋
	Linzhou	地蔓菁
	Suide	洋芋, 山蔓兒
Min Bei	Jian'ou	馬鈴薯, 洋芋
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	麥仔芋
	Songxi	洋芋
	Zhenghe	觀音芋
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	芋仔
	Jianyang	洋芋仔
	Wuyishan	洋芋仔
	Pucheng (Shibei)	洋芋頭
Min Dong	Fuzhou	番囝薯
	Changle	番囝薯
	Fuqing	番囝薯
	Yongtai	番囝薯
	Gutian	番囝薯
	Fu'an	洋芋卵
	Ningde	馬鈴薯
	Shouning	芋卵囝
	Zhouning	洋芋卵
	Fuding	芋卵囝
	Matsu	番囝薯
Min Nan	Xiamen	番仔番薯, 馬鈴薯
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	番仔番薯
	Quanzhou	番仔番薯, 馬鈴薯
	Anxi	蕳砃薯
	Dehua	番囝薯
	Zhangzhou	番仔番薯, 馬鈴薯
	Zhao'an	馬鈴薯
	Dongshan	番仔番薯, 馬鈴薯
	Taipei	馬鈴薯
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	馬鈴薯
	Kaohsiung	馬鈴薯
	Yilan	馬鈴薯
	Changhua (Lukang)	馬鈴薯
	Taichung	馬鈴薯
	Taichung (Wuqi)	油薯
	Tainan	馬鈴薯
	Taitung	馬鈴薯
	Hsinchu	馬鈴薯
	Kinmen	蕳砃, 蕳砃薯
	Penghu (Magong)	馬鈴薯
	Penang (Hokkien)	蕳砃薯
	Singapore (Hokkien)	蕳砃, 荷蘭薯
	Manila (Hokkien)	霸薯
	Longyan	蕳砃薯, 馬鈴薯
	Zhangping	番仔芋仔
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	番仔芋仔
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	馬鈴薯
	Chaozhou	馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
	Shantou	蕳砃, 馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
	Shantou (Chenghai)	荷蘭薯, 蕳砃
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	蕳砃
	Nan'ao (Houzhai)	荷蘭薯, 蕳砃
	Jieyang	荷蘭薯, 馬鈴薯, 蕳砃
	Bangkok (Teochew)	紅毛薯, 西薯, 荷蘭薯
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	蕳砃
	Singapore (Teochew)	蕳砃
	Pontianak (Teochew)	蕳砃
	Leizhou	薯囝
	Wenchang	馬鈴薯, 薯囝
	Haikou	荷蘭薯
	Qionghai	馬鈴薯, 荷蘭薯
Puxian Min	Putian	洋紅薯, 馬鈴薯
Min Zhong	Yong'an	馬鈴薯
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	荷蘭薯
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	荷蘭薯
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	馬鈴薯
	Nanning (Shajing)	馬鈴薯
	Binyang (Xinqiao)	馬鈴薯
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Chaoyang)	馬鈴薯
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	馬鈴薯
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	馬鈴薯
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	洋芋
Wu	Shanghai	洋山芋, 土豆
	Shanghai (Chongming)	洋芋艿
	Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan)	土豆, 外國芋艿
	Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan)	洋山芋, 外國芋艿
	Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong)	洋山芋
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	洋山芋
	Suzhou	洋芋艿, 洋山芋, 洋山薯
	Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang)	洋山芋
	Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang)	洋山芋
	Wuxi	洋芋頭, 洋山芋
	Changshu	洋芋艿
	Kunshan	洋山芋
	Jiaxing	洋山芋, 洋山薯
	Changzhou	洋山芋
	Liyang	洋芋頭
	Yixing	洋芋頭, 洋山芋
	Danyang	洋山芋
	Danyang (Tongjiaqiao)	洋山芋
	Jingjiang	洋番芋
	Jiangyin	洋山芋, 洋芋頭
	Huzhou (Shuanglin)	洋番薯
	Hangzhou	洋番薯, 洋番芋, 洋芋艿
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	洋芋艿
	Shaoxing	洋番芋
	Zhuji (Wangjiajing)	洋芋艿
	Shengzhou (Chongren)	洋芋艿, 洋番薯
	Shengzhou (Taiping)	紅毛番薯
	Ningbo	洋芋艿, 洋番薯, 紅毛番薯
	Yuyao	洋芋艿
	Huangyan	洋芋頭
	Wenzhou	番儂芋, 楊梅芋, 洋番薯, 洋芋
	Quzhou	洋芋頭
	Jinhua	洋芋, 洋山芋
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	洋芋
	Yongkang	洋芋
Xiang	Changsha	洋芋頭, 洋芋, 洋芋子, 土豆
	Xiangtan	洋芋頭
	Xiangxiang	洋芋子
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	馬鈴薯
	Loudi	洋芋
	Shuangfeng	洋芋子
	Quanzhou	洋芋頭
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	馬鈴薯

Derived terms

烤馬鈴薯／烤马铃薯 (kǎomǎlíngshǔ)
馬鈴薯條／马铃薯条 (mǎlíngshǔtiáo)

馬鈴薯泥／马铃薯泥 (mǎlíngshǔní)
馬鈴薯片／马铃薯片 (mǎlíngshǔpiàn)

Descendants

→ Lingao: ma⁴ liŋ¹ su⁴
→ Zhuang: majlingzsuz

Japanese

馬鈴薯 (bareisho): a pile of potatoes.

Kanji in this term
馬	鈴	薯
ば Grade: 2	れい Grade: S	しょ Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Etymology

Origin unclear. Attributed to noted Edo-period botanist and scholar of Chinese medicine Ono Ranzan (see 小野蘭山) in the late 1700s. May be from Sinitic 馬鈴薯, or may be a Japanese coinage later borrowed into Chinese.

According to one theory, this word is a compound of 馬鈴 (barei, “horse bell”) +‎ 薯 (sho, “potato”), from the way the potato looks a bit like the bells used in the tack for stage horses.[1] In another theory, 馬鈴 (barei) is an example of ateji for Malay, since potatoes were introduced to Japan via the Dutch East Indies.

Pronunciation

On’yomi

(Tokyo) ばれーしょ [bàrééshó] (Heiban – [0])[2]
IPA^(key): [ba̠ɾe̞ːɕo̞]

Noun

馬(ば)鈴(れい)薯(しょ) • (bareisho)

potato (Solanum tuberosum)

Synonyms

じゃがいも, ジャガイモ, ジャガ芋, ジャガ薯 (jagaimo)

Derived terms

馬鈴薯粉(ばれいしょふん) (bareisho fun): potato flour; potato starch
馬鈴薯澱粉(ばれいしょでんぷん) (bareisho denpun): potato starch

References

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-1] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN