馬上

馬上

See also: 马上

Chinese

		horse; surname	up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up
trad. (馬上)		馬	上
simp. (马上)		马	上
anagram		上馬／上马

Etymology

From 馬背上 (mǎ bèi shàng), "on horseback", by extension, "at once; immediately", on account of the horse being the fastest mode of transportation in ancient times.[1]

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mǎshàng

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˇ ㄕㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): maa⁵ soeng⁶
• Gan (Wiktionary): ma³ song
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): mâ-song

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ma¹ song⁴

• Min Dong (BUC): mā-*siông
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): má-siōng / má-siāng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ma² siang⁶

• Wu (Wiktionary): 'ma zaan (T1); 'mo zaan (T1); ma zaan (T3); mo zaan (T3)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): ma³ shan⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǎshàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ ㄕㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǎshàng
    • Wade–Giles: ma³-shang⁴
    • Yale: mǎ-shàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maashanq
    • Palladius: машан (mašan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mä²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: maa⁵ soeng⁶
    • Yale: máh seuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: maa⁵ soeng⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ma⁵ sêng⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /maː¹³ sœːŋ²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ma³ song
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma²¹³⁻²¹ sɔŋ¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mâ-song
    • Hakka Romanization System: ma´ song
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ma¹ song⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ma²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ma¹ song⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ma⁴⁴⁻³⁵ sɔŋ⁵³/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: mā-*siông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma³³⁻⁵⁵ suɔŋ²⁴²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-siōng
    • Tâi-lô: má-siōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mafsiong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Singapore): /ma⁴²⁻²⁴ ɕiɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɕiɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɕiɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: má-siāng
    • Tâi-lô: má-siāng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mafsiang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɕiaŋ²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɕiaŋ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ma² siang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: má siăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ma⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: 'ma zaan (T1); 'mo zaan (T1); ma zaan (T3); mo zaan (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʔma̱⁵⁵ z̥ɑ̃²¹/, /ʔmo⁵⁵ z̥ɑ̃²¹/, /ma̱²² z̥ɑ̃⁴⁴/, /mo²² z̥ɑ̃⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ma³ shan⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ma̠⁴¹ ʂan²¹⁻¹¹/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ma̠⁴¹ san²¹⁻¹¹/

Adverb

馬上

1. at once; immediately; without delay; in a minute

   我馬上就回來。／我马上就回来。  ―  Wǒ mǎshàng jiù huílái.  ―  I'll be back in a minute.

2. (literally, literary) on horseback (especially of a military campaign)

Synonyms

• (at once):

edit

Synonyms of 馬上

即便 (jíbiàn) (literary) 即刻 (jíkè) 登即 (dēngjí) 眼看 (yǎnkàn) 立刻 (lìkè) 立即 (lìjí) 即時／即时 (jíshí) (formal) 及時／及时 (jíshí) 應時／应时 (yìngshí) 當即／当即 (dāngjí)

當時／当时 (dàngshí) 登時／登时 (dēngshí) 眼見／眼见 (yǎnjiàn) 立時／立时 (lìshí) 立馬／立马 (lìmǎ) 第一時間／第一时间 (dì-yī shíjiān) 隨即／随即 (suíjí) 隨手／随手 (suíshǒu) 頓時／顿时 (dùnshí)

Dialectal synonyms of 馬上 (“immediately; at once”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		馬上, 立刻, 立即, 即時, 即刻, 隨即, 迅即, 立時, 當下, 當即, 登時, 頓時, 眼看
Mandarin	Beijing	馬上, 立時刻, 立馬兒, 跟時, 跟手兒
	Taiwan	馬上, 立刻
	Harbin	馬上, 立刻亮兒
	Yantai (Muping)	跟著, 馬上, 眼看著
	Jinan	馬上, 馬上馬, 立刻, 立馬追即
	Luoyang	眼看, 當下, 說聲兒
	Wanrong	馬上
	Xi'an	馬上
	Yinchuan	馬上, 眼看
	Lanzhou	馬上, 立馬
	Xining	眼看
	Ürümqi	馬上, 立馬兒
	Wuhan	馬上, 接身, 眼看
	Chengdu	馬上, 跟倒, 跟即, 立時, 立馬
	Guiyang	馬上, 立馬
	Guilin	馬上
	Liuzhou	馬上
	Xuzhou	馬上馬, 馬展, 馬時
	Yangzhou	馬上
	Nanjing	馬即, 馬上
	Hefei	馬上
	Malaysia	馬上
	Singapore	馬上, 立刻
Cantonese	Guangzhou	即刻, 即時, 登時, 當堂
	Hong Kong	即刻, 立即, 即時, 當堂
	Taishan	即刻, 當下
	Dongguan	即午, 馬上
	Yangjiang	跟手
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	即刻
	Singapore (Guangfu)	即刻
Gan	Nanchang	馬上, 仰上
	Lichuan	馬上, 即刻
	Pingxiang	馬上
Hakka	Meixian	即刻, 即時, 馬上, 黏時, 力曆
	Yudu	馬上
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	黏時, 黏皮, 跈等, 馬上
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	黏時, 黏皮, 跈等, 馬上
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	黏皮, 黏時, 跈等, 馬上
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	黏時, 跈緊, 跈核, 登時, 馬上
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	黏時, 跈等, 馬上
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	黏時, 隨
Huizhou	Jixi	當時
	Shexian	馬上
	Tunxi	馬上
	Xiuning	馬上
	Yixian	即刻
	Qimen	馬上
	Wuyuan	馬上
Jin	Taiyuan	跟手, 立馬, 立時三刻
	Xinzhou	眼看
Min Bei	Jian'ou	馬上
Min Dong	Fuzhou	此刻, 馬上, 連刻
Min Nan	Xiamen	連鞭, 隨, 隨時, 隨煞, 現煞, 馬上
	Quanzhou	連鞭, 隨, 隨煞, 現煞, 馬上
	Zhangzhou	連鞭, 隨, 現煞, 馬上
	Taipei	連鞭, 隨時, 即時
	Singapore (Hokkien)	馬上
	Manila (Hokkien)	隨, 隨隨, 隨時
	Chaozhou	隨時, 馬上, 即時
	Shantou	馬上
	Singapore (Teochew)	馬上
	Leizhou	當下, 即時
	Haikou	即刻, 登場
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	馬上, 即刻
Wu	Shanghai	馬上, 即刻, 隨即, 立刻, 立時, 頓時, 歇歇, 立時三刻, 臨時豁腳, 立馬造橋
	Shanghai (Chongming)	眼看
	Suzhou	馬上
	Danyang	跟手
	Hangzhou	立馬兒
	Ningbo	隨手
	Wenzhou	馬上, 馬上馬, 隨手, 肇
	Jinhua	馬上
Xiang	Changsha	馬上, 𪐀噠
	Loudi	馬下
	Shuangfeng	馬上

Related terms

• 趕快／赶快 (gǎnkuài)

References

1. 文若愚 (2014) 语言常识全知道, 中国华侨出版社

Further reading

• “Entry #6830”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
馬	上
ば Grade: 2	じょう Grade: 1
on’yomi

Noun

馬(ば)上(じょう) • (bajō) 

1. horseback, the back of a horse
2. horseback riding

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
• 1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
• 2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN