餓鬼
See also: 饿鬼
Chinese
to be hungry; hungry | ghost; sly; crafty | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (餓鬼) | 餓 | 鬼 | |
simp. (饿鬼) | 饿 | 鬼 |
Etymology
The Buddhism sense is a translation of Sanskrit प्रेत (preta).
Pronunciation
Noun
餓鬼
- hungry person
- glutton; gourmand
- (derogatory) pig
- (Buddhism) hungry ghost (one of the six realms of reincarnation in Buddhist cosmology)
Japanese
Etymology 1
![](Images/wiktionary/Gaki-Zoushi.jpg.webp)
餓鬼 (gaki): a traditional Japanese depiction of various hungry ghosts from a 12th-century scroll.
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
餓 | 鬼 |
が Grade: S | き Grade: S |
on’yomi |
Borrowing from Middle Chinese compound 餓鬼 (MC ŋɑH kʉiX, “hungry + ghost”). Compare modern Min Nan reading gō-kúi. The Chinese term derives from the importation of Buddhism into China, as a translation of Sanskrit प्रेत (preta).
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) がき [gàkíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
- (Tokyo) がき [gáꜜkì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA(key): [ɡa̠kʲi]
Noun
餓鬼 • (gaki)
- (Buddhism) short for 餓鬼道 (gakidō): the hungry ghost realm, one of the six realms of reincarnation in Buddhist cosmology
- (Buddhism) a preta: the spirit of a jealous or greedy person who, as punishment for mortal vices, has been cursed with insatiable hunger
- (Buddhism) the souls of the dead who languish in oblivion without any surviving relatives to pray for their peace
- (figurative) anyone who is constantly hungry or thirsty
- (figurative) anyone who is unhealthily thin and appears as if they are starving
- (archaic) Short for 餓鬼病 (gakiyami, gakibyō, “leprosy”).
- (derogatory, slang, by extension from the sense of someone who is always hungry) an unpleasant child, a brat
- 2000 August 10, Andō, Yūma; Asaki, Masashi, “BREAK.39 痛恨の国光‥ [BREAK.39 When Kunimitsu Has Remorse‥]”, in サイコメトラーEIJI [Psychometrer EIJI], volume 24 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:
- でも——可愛いですね このジンガイのガキ
- Demo—— kawaii desu ne kono jingai no gaki
- However—— this crooked brat’s pretty cute, don’t ya think
- でも——可愛いですね このジンガイのガキ
- 2000 August 10, Andō, Yūma; Asaki, Masashi, “喧嘩屋 国光 [Kunimitsu, Brawl Delivery]”, in サイコメトラーEIJI [Psychometrer EIJI], volume 24 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:
- 死ねや ガキィ〰〰‼
- Shine ya gakī~~‼
- Drop dead, you son of a bitch〰〰‼
- 死ねや ガキィ〰〰‼
-
Usage notes
The slang sense is often spelled in kana.
Derived terms
- ガキ大将 (gakidaishō)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
餓 | 鬼 |
が Grade: S | き > っき Grade: S |
on’yomi | irregular |
Shift in pronunciation of gaki above. Gemination is a common form of emphasis in the process of Japanese word formation. The meaning of brat is by extension from the original sense of gaki above, referring to someone who is always hungry.
Alternative forms
- 餓っ鬼
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡa̠k̚ʲkʲi]
Noun
餓鬼 • (gakki)
- (derogatory, slang, dated) an unpleasant child, a brat
Usage notes
Often spelled in kana.
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
餓 | 鬼 |
Noun
餓鬼 • (agwi) (hangeul 아귀)
- Hanja form? of 아귀 (“(literally: "hungry ghost") a ravenous or voracious person”).
Vietnamese
Hán tự in this term | |
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餓 | 鬼 |
Noun
餓鬼
- chữ Hán form of ngạ quỷ (“(Buddhism) preta”).