飲
See also: 飮 and 饮
| ||||||||
Translingual
Han character
飲 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人戈弓人 (OINO), four-corner 87782, composition ⿰飠欠)
Derived characters
- 𠿮 𤀔
References
- KangXi: page 1417, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44063
- Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4445, character 7
- Unihan data for U+98F2
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 飲 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |  |
Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
| 嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
| 僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
| 酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
| 馠 | *qʰɯːm |
| 谽 | *qʰɯːm |
| 唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
| 含 | *ɡɯːm |
| 肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 筨 | *ɡɯːm |
| 梒 | *ɡɯːm |
| 鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
| 莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
| 琀 | *ɡɯːms |
| 浛 | *ɡɯːms |
| 盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
| 韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
| 玪 | *krɯːm |
| 妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
| 欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
| 黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 鈐 | *ɡram |
| 鳹 | *ɡram |
| 雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 念 | *nɯːms |
| 梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
| 枔 | *sɢrɯm |
| 岑 | *sɡrɯm |
| 笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
| 涔 | *sɡrɯm |
| 侺 | *ɡjɯms |
| 今 | *krɯm |
| 黅 | *krɯm |
| 衿 | *krɯm |
| 衾 | *kʰrɯm |
| 坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
| 搇 | *kʰrɯms |
| 琴 | *ɡrɯm |
| 禽 | *ɡrɯm |
| 芩 | *ɡrɯm |
| 庈 | *ɡrɯm |
| 耹 | *ɡrɯm |
| 靲 | *ɡrɯm |
| 擒 | *ɡrɯm |
| 檎 | *ɡrɯm |
| 紟 | *ɡrɯms |
| 吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
| 訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
| 陰 | *qrɯm |
| 霠 | |
| 飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
| 蔭 | *qrɯms |
| 廕 | *qrɯms |
| 矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |
In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 酉 (“bottle (of alcoholic beverages)”) + 人 (“person”) + 口 (“mouth (occasionally with the tongue protruding)”) – a person bending over a bottle to drink the alcoholic beverage. The droplets represented drops of the drink or saliva.
In the bronze script, the mouth separated from the body and corrupted into 今 (OC *krɯm), while the rest of the body became 欠 (OC *kʰoms). These two components also acted as phonetic components. These changes were inherited in the seal script, leading Shuowen to interpret this character (㱃) as a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms) : phonetic 酓 (OC *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms) + semantic 欠 (“yawn”).
In the clerical script, 酓 has been modified to 食 (“to eat”), which is inherited in the current form.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔam (“to eat; to drink”).
Pronunciation 1
| trad. | 飲 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 饮 | |
| alternative forms | 㱃 飮 𣲎 𩚜 泔 Min Dong and Hokkien (colloquial) 㱃 飮 𣲎 𩚜 泔 Min Dong and Hokkien (colloquial) 湆 Hokkien (colloquial) | |
Definitions
飲
- (literary or Cantonese, Hakka) to drink
- 蒙舍蠻以椒、薑、桂和烹而飲之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 7, part 7
- Méngshè Mán yǐ jiāo, jiāng, guì hé pēng ér yǐn zhī. [Pinyin]
- The Mengshe Barbarians use pepper, ginger, and cinnamon to boil as a drink.
蒙舍蛮以椒、姜、桂和烹而饮之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 頸渴就飲水啦。 [Cantonese, trad.]
- geng2 hot3 zau6 jam2 seoi2 laa1. [Jyutping]
- Drink water if you get thirsty.
颈渴就饮水啦。 [Cantonese, simp.]
- (Cantonese) to attend a banquet
- 我今晚有得飲啊。 [Cantonese, trad.]
- ngo5 gam1 maan5-1 jau5 dak1 jam2 aa1. [Jyutping]
- I have a banquet to attend.
我今晚有得饮啊。 [Cantonese, simp.]
- to swallow (tears); to nurse (grievance); to keep in the heart
- Alternative form of 隱／隐 (yǐn, “to hide; to conceal”).
- beverage; drink
- diet; food
- (dialectal Cantonese, including Taishanese, Yangjiang; dialectal Gan; Min) rice water
- (Xiamen, Zhangping, Taiwanese Hokkien) sticky and watery
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 喝 (“to drink”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 飲 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 喝 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 喝 |
| Taiwan | 喝 | |
| Harbin | 喝 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 喝 | |
| Jinan | 喝 | |
| Luoyang | 喝 | |
| Wanrong | 喝 | |
| Xi'an | 喝 | |
| Yinchuan | 喝 | |
| Lanzhou | 喝 | |
| Xining | 喝 | |
| Ürümqi | 喝 | |
| Wuhan | 喝, 呵, 汩 | |
| Chengdu | 吃, 喝 | |
| Guiyang | 吃, 喝, 汩 | |
| Guilin | 喝 | |
| Liuzhou | 吃, 喝 | |
| Xuzhou | 喝, 吃 | |
| Yangzhou | 吃, 喝 | |
| Nanjing | 吃, 喝 | |
| Hefei | 喝 | |
| Malaysia | 喝 | |
| Singapore | 喝 | |
| Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 喝 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 飲, 呷 |
| Hong Kong | 飲, 呷 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 飲 | |
| Macau | 飲 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 飲 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 飲 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 飲 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 飲 | |
| Foshan | 飲 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 飲 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 飲 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 飲 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 飲 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 飲 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 飲 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 飲 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 飲 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 飲 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 飲 | |
| Taishan | 飲 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 飲 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 飲 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 飲 | |
| Dongguan | 飲, 食1, 呷 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 飲 | |
| Yangjiang | 呷, 吃 | |
| Wuzhou | 飲 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 吃 | |
| Hepu (Shatian) | 飲 | |
| Qinzhou | 飲 | |
| Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 飲 | |
| Beihai | 食1 | |
| Beihai (Nankang) | 飲 | |
| Beihai (Yingpan) | 飲 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 飲 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 飲 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 飲, 食1 | |
| Danzhou | 吃 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 飲 | |
| Penang (Guangfu) | 飲 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 飲 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 飲 | |
| Móng Cái | 飲 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 吃 |
| Lichuan | 吃 | |
| Pingxiang | 吃 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食1, 啉, 飲, 啜 |
| Xingning | 食1 | |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 飲 | |
| Huiyang | 食1 | |
| Huidong (Daling) | 食1 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 食1 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 食1 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 食1, 飲 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 食1 | |
| Wuhua (Meilin) | 食1 | |
| Heyuan (Bendihua) | 食1 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 食1 | |
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 食1 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 飲 | |
| Jiexi | 食1 | |
| Changting | 食1 | |
| Wuping | 食1 | |
| Wuping (Pingyu) | 食1 | |
| Liancheng | 食1 | |
| Ninghua | 食1 | |
| Yudu | 食1 | |
| Ruijin | 食1 | |
| Shicheng | 食1 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 食1 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 食1, 啉, 飲 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 食1, 啉, 飲 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 食1, 啉, 飲 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 食1, 啉, 飲 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 食1, 啉, 飲 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 啉, 食1 | |
| Hong Kong | 食1 | |
| Luchuan | 食1 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 食1, 飲, 啉 | |
| Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 食1 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吃 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 喝 |
| Xinzhou | 喝 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 啜, 饁 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 啜, 食3 |
| Singapore (Fuqing) | 食3 | |
| Manjung (Gutian) | 食3 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 啉, 食3, 哈 alcohol, 啜 usually soup |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 啉 | |
| Quanzhou | 啉, 食3, 哈 alcohol, 啜 usually soup | |
| Jinjiang | 啉 | |
| Zhangzhou | 啉, 食3, 啜 usually soup | |
| Zhao'an | 食3, 啉 | |
| Taipei | 啉 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 啉 | |
| Kaohsiung | 啉 | |
| Yilan | 啉, 哈, 食3 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 啉 | |
| Taichung | 啉 | |
| Tainan | 啉, 哈, 食3, 灌 | |
| Hsinchu | 啉, 哈 | |
| Kinmen | 啉 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 食3, 啉 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 啉 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 啉 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 啉 | |
| Medan (Hokkien) | 啉 | |
| Chaozhou | 食3, 啉 | |
| Shantou | 食3, 啉 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 食3, 啉 | |
| Jieyang | 食3, 啉 | |
| Haifeng | 食3 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 食3 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 食3, 啉 | |
| Leizhou | 啜, 食3 | |
| Wenchang | 啜, 食3 | |
| Haikou | 啜, 食3 | |
| Qionghai | 啜, 食3 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 食3, 啜 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 飲 |
| Sanxiang | 飲 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 飲, 吃, 呷 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃, 呷, 呼 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 吃 | |
| Suzhou | 吃, 呷, 呼 | |
| Danyang | 吃 | |
| Hangzhou | 吃 | |
| Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 吃 | |
| Ningbo | 吃 | |
| Wenzhou | 呷, 吃 | |
| Jinhua | 吃, 呷 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吃 |
| Loudi | 吃 | |
| Shuangfeng | 吃, 呵 | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 飲
|
|
|
Pronunciation 2
| trad. | 飲 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 饮 | |
| alternative forms | 㱃 飮 𣲎 𩚜 𢳃 “to water” 㱃 飮 𣲎 𩚜 𢳃 “to water” 𢪪 “to water” | |
Definitions
飲
- † to give (animals) water to drink; to water (animals)
- 飲余馬於咸池兮，總余轡乎扶桑。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
- Yìn yú mǎ yú xiánchí xī, zǒng yú pèi hū fúsāng. [Pinyin]
- I watered my dragon steeds at the Pool of Heaven,
And tied their reins up to the Fu-sang tree.
饮余马于咸池兮，总余辔乎扶桑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (Sichuanese) to water (plants)
- † to wine and dine; to entertain with alcohol and food
Synonyms
- (to water) 澆灌／浇灌 (jiāoguàn)
Dialectal synonyms of 澆 (“to pour; to water”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 澆 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 澆 |
| Taiwan | 澆 | |
| Harbin | 澆 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 澆, 淋 | |
| Jinan | 澆 | |
| Wanrong | 淋 | |
| Xi'an | 澆, 淋 | |
| Xining | 澆 | |
| Ürümqi | 澆 | |
| Wuhan | 澆, 飲 | |
| Chengdu | 淋, 飲 | |
| Guiyang | 淋 | |
| Liuzhou | 淋 | |
| Xuzhou | 澆 | |
| Yangzhou | 澆 | |
| Nanjing | 澆 | |
| Hefei | 澆 | |
| Singapore | 澆 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 淋 |
| Hong Kong | 淋 | |
| Dongguan | 淋 | |
| Yangjiang | 淋 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 淋 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 澆, 淋 |
| Lichuan | 澆 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 淋 |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 淋 | |
| Heyuan (Bendihua) | 淋 | |
| Wengyuan | 淋 | |
| Liannan | 淋 | |
| Jiexi | 淋 | |
| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 沃 | |
| Changting | 潑 | |
| Wuping (Yanqian) | 沃 | |
| Ninghua | 沃 | |
| Ningdu | 淋 | |
| Tonggu (Sandu) | 淋 | |
| Ganzhou (Panlong) | 澆 | |
| Dayu | 淋 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 淋 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 淋 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 淋 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 淋 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 淋, 浴 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 沃 | |
| Hong Kong | 淋 | |
| Yangxi (Tangkou) | 淋 | |
| Yangchun (Sanjia) | 淋 | |
| Xinyi (Sihe) | 淋 | |
| Xinyi (Qianpai) | 淋 | |
| Gaozhou (Xindong) | 淋 | |
| Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 淋 | |
| Huazhou (Xin'an) | 淋 | |
| Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 淋 | |
| Lianjiang (Qingping) | 淋 | |
| Mengshan (Xihe) | 淋 | |
| Luchuan | 淋 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 淋 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 澆 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 澆 |
| Xinzhou | 澆 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 沃 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 沃 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 沃 |
| Quanzhou | 沃 | |
| Zhangzhou | 沃 | |
| Tainan | 沃 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 沃 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 沃 | |
| Chaozhou | 沃 | |
| Shantou | 沃 | |
| Jieyang | 沃 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 沃 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 沃 | |
| Leizhou | 淋, 沃 | |
| Haikou | 沃 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 澆, 淋 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 澆 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 澆 | |
| Suzhou | 澆 | |
| Danyang | 澆 | |
| Hangzhou | 澆 | |
| Wenzhou | 澆, 浰, 淋 | |
| Jinhua | 澆, 淋 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 淋, 印 |
| Loudi | 淋 | |
| Shuangfeng | 淋, 印 | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 飲
|
|
|
Etymology 2
| trad. | 飲 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 饮 | |
Pronunciation
Definitions
飲
- (Hokkien) Alternative form of 啉 (lim, “to drink”).
Japanese
Shinjitai | 飲 |
Kyūjitai | 飮 |
Kanji
飲
(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 飮)
Readings
- Go-on: おん (on)
- Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
- Kun: のむ (nomu, 飲む, Jōyō); のます (nomasu, 飲ます); みずかう (mizukau, 飲う)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 飲 |
| いん Grade: 3 |
| kan’on |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 飮 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 飲 (MC ʔˠiɪmX, ʔˠiɪmH).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) いん [íꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA(key): [ĩɴ]
Affix
飲 • (in)
- drink
- bear; endure
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 飲酒
- 飲食
- 飲水
- 飲用
- 飲料
- 喫飲
- 愛飲
Noun
飲 • (in)
- (literary) drinking (alcoholic beverages)
- (literary) drink; beverage
- (literary) banquet; feast
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
飲 (eumhun 마실 음 (masil eum))
- drink
- inhale
Compounds
- 飮食 (음식): food
Vietnamese
Han character
飲: Hán Nôm readings: ẩm, ỡm, hẩm
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.