飯

See also: 饭

飯	U+98EF, 飯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98EF

← 飮
[U+98EE]

CJK Unified Ideographs

飰 →
[U+98F0]

飯	U+FA2A, 飯 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA2A

← 﨩
[U+FA29]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

飼 →
[U+FA2B]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

飯 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+4, 13 strokes in Chinese, 12 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人戈竹水 (OIHE), four-corner 8174₇, composition ⿰飠反(GHTJV) or ⿰𩙿反(K))

References

KangXi: page 1417, character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44064
Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 21
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4444, character 5
Unihan data for U+98EF
Unihan data for U+FA2A

Chinese

trad.		飯
simp.		饭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 飯
Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
扳	praːn, pʰraːn
板	*praːnʔ
版	*praːnʔ
瓪	praːnʔ, paːnʔ
昄	praːnʔ, braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑	*praːnʔ
蝂	*praːnʔ
眅	pʰraːn, pʰraːnʔ
阪	braːnʔ, panʔ
魬	*braːnʔ
粄	*paːnʔ
反	panʔ, pʰan
返	*panʔ
坂	*panʔ
畈	*pans
販	*pans
汳	*pʰans
飯	bonʔ, bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bonʔ, *bons) : semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Etymology 1

Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *puuŋ (“cooked rice”), whence Mon ပုၚ် (pɜŋ, “cooked rice”) (Ferlus, 1988).

Pronunciation 1 is the exopassive derivation of pronunciation 2, meaning "what is eaten" (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ
(Chengdu, SP): fan⁴
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фан (fan, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): faan⁶
(Taishan, Wiktionary): fan⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): fan⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fan
(Meixian, Guangdong): fan⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): fan³
Min Bei (KCR): būing
Min Dong (BUC): buông / huáng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): pn̄g / pňg / pūiⁿ / hoān
(Teochew, Peng'im): bung⁷ / beng⁷ / huêng⁶ / huang⁶ / huam⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): ve (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): fan⁵ / fan⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
  - Wade–Giles: fan⁴
  - Yale: fàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
  - Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fan⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фан (fan, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fæ̃⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

Note: "noodles", "rice" in components, e.g. мифан (米飯).

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: faan⁶
  - Yale: faahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fan⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fan⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
  - Hakka Romanization System: fan
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fan⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: fan³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /fæ̃⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: būing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: buông / huáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puɔŋ²⁴²/, /huɑŋ²¹³/

Note:

buông - colloquial;
huáng - literary.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Singapore, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pn̄g
  - Tâi-lô: pn̄g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: png
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan): /pŋ̍³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen, Singapore): /pŋ̍²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /pŋ̍⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pňg
  - Tâi-lô: pňg
  - IPA (Lukang): /pŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Yilan, Penang, Medan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pūiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: puīnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pvui
  - IPA (Zhangpu, Yilan): /puĩ³³/
  - IPA (Penang): /puĩ²¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /puĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
  - Tâi-lô: huān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /huan²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan³³/

Note:

pn̄g/pňg/pūiⁿ - colloquial;
hoān - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bung⁷ / beng⁷ / huêng⁶ / huang⁶ / huam⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pūng / pṳ̄ng / huĕng / huăng / huăm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puŋ¹¹/, /pɯŋ¹¹/, /hueŋ³⁵/, /huaŋ³⁵/, /huam³⁵/

Note:

bung7 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai);
beng7 - vernacular (Jieyang, Chaoyang, Raoping);
huêng6 - literary (Chaozhou);
huang6 - literary (Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping);
huam6 - literary (Jieyang, Chaoyang).

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ve (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /v̥e̞²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fan⁵ / fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸan²¹/, /ɸan⁴⁵/

Note:

fan5 - vernacular;
fan4 - literary.

Middle Chinese: /bʉɐn^H/

Rime
Character	飯
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符万切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉɐn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷiɐn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/biuɐn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buan^H/
Li Rong	/biuɐn^H/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*bo[n]ʔ-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*bons/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	飯
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fàn
Middle Chinese	‹ bjon^H ›
Old Chinese	/*bo[n]ʔ-s/
English	cooked rice or millet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	飯
Reading #	2/2
No.	2977
Phonetic component	反
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	飯
Old Chinese	/*bons/

Definitions

飯

any cooked grain (rice, millet, etc.)
小米飯／小米饭 ― xiǎomǐ fàn ― cooked millet
(particularly) cooked rice (Classifier: 碗 m c h mn)
糯米飯／糯米饭 [Cantonese] ― no⁶ mai⁵ faan⁶ [Jyutping] ― (cooked) sticky rice
你要吃飯還是吃麵？ [MSC, trad.]
你要吃饭还是吃面？ [MSC, simp.]
Nǐ yào chī fàn háishì chī miàn? [Pinyin]
Do you want to eat rice or noodles?
meal (Classifier: 頓／顿 m mn; 餐 m c)
早飯／早饭 ― zǎofàn ― breakfast
(dialectal) noodles

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 米飯 (“cooked rice”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		飯
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		米飯, 飯
Mandarin	Beijing	米飯, 飯
	Taiwan	飯, 米飯
	Ulanhot	米飯
	Tongliao	米飯
	Chifeng	米飯, 乾飯
	Bayanhot	乾飯
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	米飯
	Harbin	米飯, 乾飯, 飯
	Yantai (Muping)	乾飯, 米飯, 大米乾飯
	Qingdao	乾飯
	Jinan	乾飯, 大米乾飯, 米飯
	Luoyang	大米飯, 大米乾飯, 米飯
	Wanrong	大米飯, 米飯
	Zhengzhou	米飯
	Xi'an	米飯
	Yinchuan	乾飯, 稻米乾飯
	Lanzhou	大米飯, 米飯
	Xining	大米飯
	Ürümqi	乾飯, 米飯
	Wuhan	乾飯, 飯
	Huanggang	飯
	Chengdu	乾飯, 飯, 𩛲𩛲 childish
	Guiyang	飯
	Guilin	米飯
	Liuzhou	飯, 米飯
	Xuzhou	米飯, 大米乾飯, 乾飯
	Yangzhou	飯
	Nanjing	飯, 米飯, 乾飯
	Hefei	乾飯, 飯
	Nantong	米飯
	Malaysia	飯
	Singapore	飯
Cantonese	Guangzhou	飯
	Hong Kong	飯
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	飯
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	飯
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	飯
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	飯
	Macau	飯, 阿囡薯
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	飯
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	飯
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	飯
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	飯
	Foshan	飯
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	飯
	Foshan (Shunde)	飯
	Foshan (Sanshui)	飯
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	飯
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	飯
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	飯
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	飯
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	飯
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	飯
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	飯
	Taishan	飯
	Kaiping (Chikan)	飯
	Enping (Niujiang)	飯
	Heshan (Yayao)	飯
	Dongguan	飯
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	飯
	Shaoguan	飯
	Yunfu	飯
	Yangjiang	飯
	Xinyi	飯
	Lianjiang	飯
	Nanning	飯
	Wuzhou	飯
	Yulin	飯
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	飯
	Beihai	飯
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	飯
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	飯
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	飯
	Danzhou	飯
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	飯
	Penang (Guangfu)	飯
	Singapore (Guangfu)	飯
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	飯
	Móng Cái	飯
Gan	Nanchang	飯
	Lichuan	飯
	Pingxiang	飯
Hakka	Meixian	飯
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	飯
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	飯
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	飯
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	飯
	Conghua (Lütian)	飯
	Yudu	飯
	Shicheng	飯
	Shangyou (Shexi)	飯
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	飯
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	飯
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	飯
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	飯
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	飯
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	飯
	Hong Kong	飯
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	大米飯
	Senai (Huiyang)	飯
	Kuching (Hepo)	飯
	Singkawang	飯
Huizhou	Jixi	飯
	Shexian	飯
	Tunxi	飯
	Xiuning	飯
	Yixian	飯
	Qimen	飯
	Wuyuan	飯
Jin	Taiyuan	大米飯, 米飯
	Pingyao	大米飯, 米飯
	Xinzhou	米飯
	Taibus (Baochang)	米飯
	Linhe	米飯
	Jining	白米飯
	Hohhot	米飯
	Baotou	白米飯
	Dongsheng	米飯
	Haibowan	燜飯
Min Bei	Jian'ou	飯
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	飯
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	白飯
	Pucheng (Shibei)	早米飯
Min Dong	Fuzhou	飯
Min Dong	Fuqing	飯
Min Nan	Xiamen	飯
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	飯
	Quanzhou	飯
	Zhangzhou	飯
	Taipei	飯
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	飯
	Kaohsiung	飯
	Yilan	飯
	Changhua (Lukang)	飯, 糜
	Taichung	飯
	Tainan	飯
	Hsinchu	飯
	Kinmen	飯
	Penghu (Magong)	飯
	Penang (Hokkien)	飯
	Singapore (Hokkien)	飯
	Manila (Hokkien)	飯
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	飯
	Datian	飯
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	飯
	Chaozhou	飯
	Shantou	飯
	Bangkok (Teochew)	飯
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	飯
	Singapore (Teochew)	飯
	Leizhou	飯
	Wenchang	飯, 糜
	Haikou	飯, 糜
	Qionghai	飯, 糜
	Singapore (Hainanese)	飯
Puxian Min	Putian	暝
	Putian (Donghai)	暝
	Putian (Jiangkou)	飯
	Putian (Nanri)	米暝
	Xianyou	暝
	Xianyou (Fengting)	暝
	Xianyou (Youyang)	暝
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	飯
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	飯, 米飯, 大米飯
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	米飯
Shehua	Fuding	焦飯
	Luoyuan	飯
	Sanming	飯
	Shunchang	飯
	Guixi (Zhangping)	飯
	Cangnan	飯
	Jingning	飯
	Lishui	飯
	Longyou	飯
	Chaozhou	焦飯
	Fengshun	飯
Wu	Shanghai	飯
	Shanghai (Chongming)	米飯, 飯
	Suzhou	飯
	Wuxi	飯
	Danyang	飯
	Hangzhou	飯
	Ningbo	飯
	Wenzhou	飯, 白米飯, 米飯, 燥飯
	Jinhua	飯
Xiang	Changsha	飯
	Loudi	飯
	Shuangfeng	飯
	Quanzhou	飯

Dialectal synonyms of 麵條 (“noodle”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		麵條, 麵
Mandarin	Beijing	麵條兒, 麵
	Taiwan	麵條, 麵
	Harbin	麵條兒
	Yantai (Muping)	麵
	Jinan	麵條兒, 麵
	Luoyang	麵條兒, 麵
	Wanrong	飯
	Xi'an	麵
	Yinchuan	麵條子, 麵
	Lanzhou	麵條子
	Xining	麵條兒
	Ürümqi	麵條子, 麵
	Wuhan	麵, 麵條
	Chengdu	麵
	Guiyang	麵
	Liuzhou	麵條, 麵
	Xuzhou	麵條兒, 麵條子
	Yangzhou	麵
	Nanjing	麵, 麵條
	Hefei	麵條, 麵
	Malaysia	麵
	Singapore	麵
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	麵, 飯
Cantonese	Guangzhou	麵
	Hong Kong	麵
	Dongguan	麵
	Yangjiang	麵
	Beihai	麵條
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	麵條
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	麵條
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	麵條
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	麵
	Penang (Guangfu)	麵
	Singapore (Guangfu)	麵
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	麵
	Móng Cái	麵條
	Yangon (Taishan)	麵
	Mandalay (Taishan)	麵
Gan	Nanchang	麵
	Lichuan	麵
	Pingxiang	麵
Hakka	Meixian	麵, 麵條
	Yudu	麵
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	麵
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	麵
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	麵
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	大麵, 麵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	麵
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	大麵
Huizhou	Jixi	麵
Jin	Taiyuan	麵條子, 麵條, 麵
Jin	Xinzhou	麵條子, 條條子麵, 條子麵, 麵
Min Bei	Jian'ou	麵
Min Dong	Fuzhou	麵
Min Nan	Xiamen	麵
	Quanzhou	麵
	Jinjiang	麵
	Shishi	麵
	Zhangzhou	麵
	Yilan	麵
	Penang (Hokkien)	麵
	Singapore (Hokkien)	麵
	Manila (Hokkien)	麵
	Chaozhou	麵
	Shantou	麵
	Singapore (Teochew)	麵
	Haikou	麵, 麵條
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	麵
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	麵
Wu	Shanghai	麵, 麵條
	Shanghai (Chongming)	麵
	Suzhou	麵
	Danyang	麵
	Hangzhou	麵
	Ningbo	麵
	Wenzhou	麵
	Jinhua	麵
Xiang	Changsha	麵
Xiang	Shuangfeng	麵

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
  - Wade–Giles: fan⁴
  - Yale: fàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
  - Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: faan⁶
  - Yale: faahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²²/

Middle Chinese: /bʉɐn^X/

Rime
Character	飯
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	扶晚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉɐn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷiɐn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/biuɐn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buan^X/
Li Rong	/biuɐn^X/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*bo[n]ʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*bonʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	飯
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fàn
Middle Chinese	‹ bjon^X ›
Old Chinese	/*bo[n]ʔ/
English	eat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	飯
Reading #	1/2
No.	2976
Phonetic component	反
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	飯
Old Chinese	/*bonʔ/

Definitions

飯

(obsolete) to eat
- 舜之飯糗茹草也，若將終身焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  舜之饭糗茹草也，若将终身焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Shùn zhī fàn qiǔ rú cǎo yě, ruò jiāng zhōngshēn yān. [Pinyin]
  Shun's manner of eating his parched grain and herbs was as if he were to be doing so all his life.
(obsolete) to give food to; to let someone eat; to feed
- 有一母見信飢，飯信。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  有一母见信饥，饭信。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
  Yǒu yī mǔ jiàn Xìn jī, fàn Xìn. [Pinyin]
  A woman saw that Han Xin was hungry, and thus gave him food to eat.

Compounds

Derived terms from 飯

一口飯／一口饭
一飯之恩／一饭之恩
一飯千金／一饭千金
三茶六飯／三茶六饭
下飯／下饭 (xiàfàn)
下飯菜兒／下饭菜儿
下馬飯／下马饭
不茶不飯／不茶不饭
丟飯碗／丢饭碗 (diū fànwǎn)
中飯／中饭 (zhōngfàn)
乞食飯牛／乞食饭牛
乾飯／干饭 (gānfàn)
代飯／代饭
令人噴飯／令人喷饭
份兒飯／份儿饭
便飯／便饭 (biànfàn)
倒頭飯／倒头饭
做飯／做饭 (zuòfàn)
八寶飯／八宝饭 (bābǎofàn)
公事飯／公事饭
冷飯／冷饭 (lěngfàn)
出飯／出饭 (chūfàn)
剩飯／剩饭 (shèngfàn)
包飯／包饭 (bāofàn)
午飯／午饭 (wǔfàn)
卯飯／卯饭
吃偏飯／吃偏饭
吃大鍋飯／吃大锅饭 (chī dàguōfàn)
吃太平飯／吃太平饭
吃子孫飯／吃子孙饭
吃死飯／吃死饭
吃洋飯／吃洋饭
吃派飯／吃派饭
吃現成飯／吃现成饭
吃白飯／吃白饭 (chī báifàn)
吃自在飯／吃自在饭
吃葷飯／吃荤饭
吃衙門飯／吃衙门饭
吃開口飯／吃开口饭
吃飯／吃饭 (chīfàn)
吃飯傢伙／吃饭家伙
吃飯家伙／吃饭家伙
吃飯防噎／吃饭防噎
各衣另飯／各衣另饭
吐飯成蜂／吐饭成蜂
含飯／含饭
啗飯／啗饭
嗄飯／嗄饭
噇飯／噇饭
噴飯／喷饭 (pēnfàn)
圓飯／圆饭
埋鍋造飯／埋锅造饭 (mái guō zàofàn)
塵飯塗羹／尘饭涂羹
夜飯／夜饭 (yèfàn)
大鍋飯／大锅饭 (dàguōfàn)
大飯店／大饭店
夾生飯／夹生饭 (jiāshengfàn)
完飯／完饭
客飯／客饭
家常便飯／家常便饭 (jiāchángbiànfàn)
家常茶飯／家常茶饭
家常飯／家常饭 (jiāchángfàn)
小菜飯／小菜饭
工本飯米／工本饭米
年夜飯／年夜饭 (niányèfàn)
年飯／年饭
弄飯／弄饭
強飯為嘉／强饭为嘉
房飯錢／房饭钱
扁擔飯／扁担饭
扒飯／扒饭 (páfàn)
打火造飯／打火造饭
打破飯碗／打破饭碗
打飯／打饭 (dǎfàn)
打齋飯／打斋饭
找飯碗／找饭碗
把飯叫饑／把饭叫饥
搭飯／搭饭
搶飯碗／抢饭碗 (qiǎngfànwǎn)
摶沙作飯／抟沙作饭
摶飯／抟饭
撩水飯／撩水饭
擺飯／摆饭
攤飯／摊饭
放飯流歠／放饭流歠
整飯／整饭
方便米飯／方便米饭
早飯／早饭 (zǎofàn)

晌飯／晌饭 (shǎngfàn)
晚飯／晚饭 (wǎnfàn)
晨炊星飯／晨炊星饭
會飯／会饭
朝飯／朝饭 (zhāofàn)
木桶飯／木桶饭 (mùtǒngfàn)
歕飯／𬅫饭
殘湯剩飯／残汤剩饭
殘羹冷飯／残羹冷饭
殘羹剩飯／残羹剩饭 (cángēngshèngfàn)
殘茶剩飯／残茶剩饭
每飯不忘／每饭不忘
水飯／水饭
沒頓飯時／没顿饭时
油飯／油饭
泡飯／泡饭 (pàofàn)
泥飯碗／泥饭碗
派飯／派饭
淡飯／淡饭
淡飯清茶／淡饭清茶
淨飯王／净饭王
混一口飯／混一口饭
混飯吃／混饭吃 (hùnfànchī)
清茶淡飯／清茶淡饭
湯飯／汤饭
滷肉飯／卤肉饭 (lǔròufàn)
漂母進飯／漂母进饭
潑賸飯／泼剩饭
炊沙成飯／炊沙成饭
炊砂作飯／炊砂作饭
炒冷飯／炒冷饭 (chǎo lěngfàn)
煮飯／煮饭 (zhǔfàn)
煲飯／煲饭
燒飯／烧饭 (shāofàn)
燴飯／烩饭
爛飯／烂饭
爺羹娘飯／爷羹娘饭
爺飯娘羹／爷饭娘羹
版築飯牛／版筑饭牛
牢飯／牢饭
現成飯／现成饭
瓷飯碗／瓷饭碗
用飯／用饭 (yòngfàn)
甯戚飯牛／甯戚饭牛
留飯／留饭
白米飯／白米饭
白飯／白饭 (báifàn)
白飯王／白饭王
白飯青芻／白饭青刍
盛飯／盛饭 (chéngfàn)
看天吃飯／看天吃饭 (kàntiānchīfàn)
砸飯碗／砸饭碗 (záfànwǎn)
禮先壹飯／礼先壹饭
稀飯／稀饭 (xīfàn)
竹筒飯／竹筒饭 (zhútǒngfàn)
米飯／米饭 (mǐfàn)
粗茶淡飯／粗茶淡饭 (cūchádànfàn)
粗衣淡飯／粗衣淡饭
粗飯／粗饭
粟飯／粟饭 (sùfàn)
粢飯／粢饭 (cífàn)
粢飯糕／粢饭糕 (cīfàngāo)
粢飯糰／粢饭团 (cífàntuán)
粥飯僧／粥饭僧
糝飯／糁饭
紙飯碗／纸饭碗
素飯／素饭
綠豆稀飯／绿豆稀饭
羹飯／羹饭
老米飯／老米饭
自在飯／自在饭
茶思飯想／茶思饭想
茶遲飯晏／茶迟饭晏
茶飯／茶饭 (cháfàn)
茶飯不思／茶饭不思
茶飯無心／茶饭无心
茶餘飯後／茶余饭后 (cháyúfànhòu)
茶餘飯飽／茶余饭饱
蒸沙成飯／蒸沙成饭
蓋飯／盖饭 (gàifàn)
行飯／行饭
衣架飯囊／衣架饭囊
襯飯／衬饭
要飯／要饭 (yàofàn)
要飯的／要饭的 (yàofànde)
討飯／讨饭 (tǎofàn)
豆腐飯／豆腐饭

賞口飯吃／赏口饭吃
趕飯擔／赶饭担 (gǎnfàndàn)
過飯／过饭
配飯／配饭 (phòe-pn̄g)
酒囊飯袋／酒囊饭袋
酒瓮飯囊／酒瓮饭囊
酒足飯飽／酒足饭饱
酒醉飯飽／酒醉饭饱
酒飯／酒饭 (jiǔfàn)
金飯碗／金饭碗
鐵飯碗／铁饭碗 (tiěfànwǎn)
鐺底焦飯／铛底焦饭
長休飯／长休饭
長期飯票／长期饭票
開飯／开饭 (kāifàn)
隨茶隨飯／随茶随饭
離娘飯／离娘饭
電飯鍋／电饭锅 (diànfànguō)
食飯／食饭 (sik6 faan6)
飯來張口，衣來伸手／饭来张口，衣来伸手
飯來開口／饭来开口
飯前酒／饭前酒
飯勺／饭勺 (fànsháo)
飯匙倩／饭匙倩 (fànchíqiàn)
飯單／饭单 (fàndān)
飯囊／饭囊
飯囊衣架／饭囊衣架
飯囊酒瓮／饭囊酒瓮
飯囊酒甕／饭囊酒瓮
飯坑酒囊／饭坑酒囊
飯坩／饭坩 (pn̄g-khaⁿ) (Min Nan)
飯堂／饭堂
飯局／饭局 (fànjú)
飯店／饭店 (fàndiàn)
飯店兒／饭店儿
飯店回蔥／饭店回葱
飯座兒／饭座儿
飯廳／饭厅 (fàntīng)
飯後鐘／饭后钟
飯攤／饭摊
飯攤兒／饭摊儿
飯時／饭时
飯桌／饭桌 (fànzhuō)
飯桌兒／饭桌儿
飯桶／饭桶 (fàntǒng)
飯盒／饭盒 (fànhé)
飯盒兒／饭盒儿
飯碗／饭碗 (fànwǎn)
飯磬／饭磬
飯票／饭票 (fànpiào)
飯票兒／饭票儿
飯筒／饭筒
飯籮／饭箩
飯粒／饭粒 (fànlì)
飯粒兒／饭粒儿
飯粘／饭粘
飯糗如草／饭糗如草
飯糗茹草／饭糗茹草
飯糝／饭糁
飯糰／饭团 (fàntuán)
飯腥／饭腥
飯莊／饭庄 (fànzhuāng)
飯菜／饭菜 (fàncài)
飯蔬飲水／饭蔬饮水
飯袋／饭袋
飯轍／饭辙
飯量／饭量 (fànliàng)
飯鋪／饭铺 (fànpù)
飯鋪兒／饭铺儿
飯錢／饭钱
飯鍋／饭锅 (fànguō)
飯鏟／饭铲
飯門／饭门
飯門兒／饭门儿
飯頭／饭头
飯食／饭食 (fànshí)
飯食兒／饭食儿
飯飽丟箸／饭饱丢箸
飯飽弄箸／饭饱弄箸
飯館／饭馆 (fànguǎn)
飯館兒／饭馆儿 (fànguǎnr)
鬼飯疙瘩／鬼饭疙瘩
魯肉飯／鲁肉饭
鹵肉飯／卤肉饭
鹽水飯／盐水饭
麥飯／麦饭
齋飯／斋饭 (zhāifàn)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English fan. Doublet of 粉絲／粉丝 (fěnsī).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
  - Wade–Giles: fan⁴
  - Yale: fàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
  - Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: faan⁶
  - Yale: faahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²²/

Definitions

飯

(neologism, slang) fans

Synonyms

edit

fan屎 (neologism, slang, humorous, derogatory)
番薯 (fānshǔ)
迷 (mí) (used as a suffix)

愛好家／爱好家 (àihàojiā)
愛好者／爱好者 (àihàozhě)
業餘者／业余者 (yèyúzhě)

發燒友／发烧友 (fāshāoyǒu)
粉絲／粉丝 (fěnsī) (informal)

Compounds

唯飯／唯饭 (wéifàn)
團飯／团饭 (tuánfàn)

私生飯／私生饭 (sīshēngfàn)

飯圈／饭圈 (fànquān)

References

“飯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
“Entry #9249”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Shinjitai	飯
Kyūjitai [1]	飯 `飯` or 飯+`︀`^?
	飯󠄀 飯+`󠄀`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	飯󠄄 飯+`󠄄`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

飯

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 飯)

cooked grains (rice, etc.)
meal

Readings

Go-on: ぼん (bon)
Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
Kun: めし (meshi, 飯, Jōyō); いい (ii, 飯)^{←いひ (ifi, historical)}; くらう (kurau, 飯らう)^{←くらふ (kurafu, historical)}; くらわす (kurawasu, 飯らわす)^{←くらはす (kurafasu, historical)}; まま (mama, 飯); まんま (manma, 飯)
Nanori: いい (ii)

Compounds

飯台(はんだい) (handai)
飯店(はんてん) (hanten)
飯場(はんば) (hanba)
飯粒(はんりゅう) (hanryū)
一飯(いっぱん) (ippan)
朝飯(あさはん) (asahan)
椀飯(おうばん), 埦飯(おうばん), 垸飯(おうばん) (ōban)
ご飯(はん) (gohan), 御飯(ごはん) (gohan)
残飯(ざんぱん) (zanpan)
浄飯王(じょうぼんのう) (Jōbonnō)
炊飯(すいはん) (suihan)
赤飯(せきはん) (sekihan)
粗飯(そはん), 麁飯(そはん) (sohan)
中飯(ちゅうはん), 昼飯(ちゅうはん) (chūhan)
麦飯(ばくはん) (bakuhan)
噴飯(ふんぱん) (funpan)
芳飯(ほうはん), 苞飯(ほうはん) (hōhan)
米飯(べいはん) (beihan)
夕飯(ゆうはん) (yūhan)
三飯(さば), 散飯(さば), 生飯(さば) (saba)
炒(チャー)飯(ハン) (chāhan)
飯匙倩(ハブ) (habu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
飯
めし Grade: 4
kun’yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 召す (mesu, “to call”).[2]

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) めし [mèshíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2][3][4]
IPA^(key): [me̞ɕi]

Noun

飯(めし) • (meshi)

cooked grains, especially cooked rice
(informal) a meal
飯(めし)を食(く)う
meshi o kuu
eat a meal

Usage notes

This is an informal way to refer to food, and 食う (kuu) is a correspondingly informal way to say "eat".

Derived terms

飯粒(めしつぶ) (meshitsubu)
朝飯(あさめし) (asameshi)
煎(い)り飯(めし), 炒(い)り飯(めし) (irimeshi)
釜飯(かまめし) (kamameshi)
五(ご)目(もく)飯(めし) (gomoku meshi)
強飯(こわめし) (kowameshi)
猫飯(ねこめし) (nekomeshi)
早飯(はやめし) (hayameshi)
昼飯(ひるめし) (hirumeshi)
麦飯(むぎめし) (mugimeshi)
無駄(むだ)飯(めし), 徒(むだ)飯(めし) (muda meshi)
夕飯(ゆうめし) (yūmeshi)

Proper noun

飯(めし) • (Meshi)

a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
飯
いい Grade: 4
kun’yomi

⟨ipi₁⟩ → */ipʲi/ → /ifi/ → /iwi/ → /iː/

From Old Japanese, also used as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨pi₁⟩.

Noun

飯(いい) • (ii) ^{←いひ (ifi)^?}

(archaic) cooked grains, especially cooked rice

Derived terms

飯窪(いいくぼ) (Iikubo)
飯島(いいじま) (Iijima)
飯(いい)粒(ぼ) (iibo)
飯村(いいむら) (Iimura)
飯山(いいやま) (Iiyama)
朝飯(あさいい) (asaii)
強飯(こわいい) (kowa-ii)
続(そく)飯(い) (sokui), 続(そく)飯(いい) (sokuii)
姫飯(ひめいい) (hime-ii)
麦飯(むぎいい) (mugi-ii)
糯飯(もちいい) (mochi-ii)
- 餅(もち) (mochi)

Proper noun

飯(いい) • (Ii) ^{←いひ (ifi)^?}

a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
飯
まま Grade: 4
irregular

For pronunciation and definitions of 飯 – see the following entry.

【まま】	[noun] (childish or Tsugaru) (cooked) rice

(This term, 飯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
飯
まんま Grade: 4
irregular

For pronunciation and definitions of 飯 – see the following entry.

【まんま】

[noun] (usually childish) Alternative form of まま (mama, “(cooked) rice”)

(This term, 飯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

“飯”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

飯 (eumhun 밥 반 (bap ban))

Hanja form^? of 반 (“meal, rice”).

Compounds

飯饌 (반찬, banchan)
白飯 (백반, baekban)

Vietnamese

Han character

飯: Hán Nôm readings: phạn[1][2], phằn

rice

References

Trần (1999).
Trần (2004).

[1] “飯”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK2-3] 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

[ZAJ-4] 1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[Trần_(1999)-5] Trần (1999).

[gdhn-6] Trần (2004).