飛鳥

飛鳥

See also: 飞鸟

Chinese

		to fly	bird
trad. (飛鳥)		飛	鳥
simp. (飞鸟)		飞	鸟
alternative forms		蜚鳥／蜚鸟

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fēiniǎo

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟ ㄋㄧㄠˇ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): финё (fini͡o, I-II)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fei¹ niu⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fî-niâu
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): poe-chiáu / pe-chiáu / hui-niáu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): buê¹ ziao²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fēiniǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄟ ㄋㄧㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: feiniǎo
    • Wade–Giles: fei¹-niao³
    • Yale: fēi-nyǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feineau
    • Palladius: фэйняо (fɛjnjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯⁵⁵ njɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (飛鳥兒／飞鸟儿)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fēiniǎor
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄟ ㄋㄧㄠˇㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: feiniǎor
    • Wade–Giles: fei¹-niaorh³
    • Yale: fēi-nyǎur
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feineaul
    • Palladius: фэйняор (fɛjnjaor)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /feɪ̯⁵⁵ njaʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: финё (fini͡o, I-II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fi²⁴ niɔː⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fei¹ niu⁵
    • Yale: fēi níuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fei¹ niu⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: féi¹ niu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fei̯⁵⁵ niːu̯¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fî-niâu
    • Hakka Romanization System: fi´ niau´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fi¹ niau¹
    • Sinological IPA: /fi²⁴⁻¹¹ ni̯au̯²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poe-chiáu
    • Tâi-lô: pue-tsiáu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poeciao
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pue⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡ɕiau⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe-chiáu
    • Tâi-lô: pe-tsiáu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: peciao
    • IPA (Taipei): /pe⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡ɕiau⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hui-niáu
    • Tâi-lô: hui-niáu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huiniao
    • IPA (Taipei): /hui⁴⁴⁻³³ niãu⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴⁴⁻³³ niãu⁴¹/

Note:

• poe-chiáu/pe-chiáu - vernacular;
• hui-niáu - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: buê¹ ziao²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pue tsiáu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pue³³⁻²³ t͡siau⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: /pʉi  teu^X/

Rime
Character	飛	鳥
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	微 (21)	蕭 (93)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	甫微切	都了切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉi/	/teuX/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷɨi/	/teuX/
Shao Rongfen	/piuəi/	/teuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puj/	/tɛwX/
Li Rong	/piuəi/	/teuX/
Wang Li	/pĭwəi/	/tieuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/pwe̯i/	/tieuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēi	diǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fei1	diu2

Noun

飛鳥

1. (flying) bird

Synonyms

• 飛禽／飞禽 (fēiqín)

Derived terms

飛鳥使／飞鸟使 飛鳥依人／飞鸟依人 飛鳥時代／飞鸟时代

飛鳥盡，良弓藏／飞鸟尽，良弓藏 鸚鵡能言，不離飛鳥／鹦鹉能言，不离飞鸟

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (飛鳥):

• → Japanese: 飛(ひ)鳥(ちょう) (hichō)
• → Korean: 비조(飛鳥) (bijo)
• → Vietnamese: phi điểu (飛鳥)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
飛	鳥
ひ Grade: 4	ちょう Grade: 2
on’yomi

/pʷi teu/ → /fit͡ɕeu/ → /hit͡ɕoː/

From Middle Chinese compound 飛鳥 (MC pʉi teu^X).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) ひちょー [hìchóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [çit͡ɕo̞ː]

Noun

飛(ひ)鳥(ちょう) • (hichō) ^{←ひてう (fiteu)?}

1. a flying bird

   Synonym: 飛禽 (hikin)

Proverbs

• 飛鳥(ひちょう)尽(つ)きて良弓(りょうきゅう)蔵(かく)る (hichō tsukite ryōkyū kakuru)
• 飛鳥(ひちょう)の摯(う)つや其(そ)の首(くび)を俛(ふ)す (hichō no utsu ya sono kubi o fusu)
• 鸚鵡(おうむ)よく言(い)えども飛鳥(ひちょう)を離(はな)れず (ōmu yoku iedomo hichō o hanarezu)

See also

• 飛(と)ぶ鳥(とり) (tobu tori)

Proper noun

飛(ひ)鳥(ちょう) • (Hichō) ^{←ひてう (fiteu)?}

1. a surname
2. a male or female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
飛	鳥
と(ぶ) Grade: 4	とり Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Nominalization of 飛ぶ鳥 (tobu tori, “flying bird”).

Proper noun

飛(とぶ)鳥(とり) • (Tobutori) 

1. a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
飛	鳥
あすか
Grade: 4	Grade: 2
jukujikun

From Old Japanese.

The kanji spelling is derived from the pillow word 飛ぶ鳥の (tobu tori no, “flying bird of...”), alluding to 明日香 (Asuka, a place name), both spellings were historically interchangeable.

Compare 春日 (Kasuga).

Alternative forms

• 明日香

Proper noun

飛鳥(あすか) • (Asuka) 

1. a place name, especially the name of a village in Nara Prefecture
2. a surname
3. a male or female given name

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 飛鳥(あすか)井(い) (Asukai)
• 飛鳥(あすか)川(がわ) (Asuka-gawa)
• 飛鳥(あすか)時代(じだい) (Asuka jidai)
• 飛鳥(あすか)大仏(だいぶつ) (Asuka Daibutsu)
• 飛鳥(あすか)寺(でら) (Asuka-dera)
• 飛鳥(あすか)鍋(なべ) (Asuka nabe)
• 飛鳥(あすかの)京(みやこ) (Asuka no Miyako)
• 飛鳥(あすか)仏(ぶつ) (Asuka butsu)
• 飛鳥(あすか)文化(ぶんか) (Asuka bunka)
• 飛鳥(あすか)部(べ) (Asukabe)
• 飛鳥(あすか)山(やま) (Asuka-yama)
• 河内(かわち)飛鳥(あすか) (Kawachi-Asuka)
• 近(ちか)つ飛鳥(あすか) (Chika-tsu-Asuka)
• 遠(とお)つ飛鳥(あすか) (Tō-tsu-Asuka)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN