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单词 飛
释义

飛

See also: 飞
飛 U+98DB, 飛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98DB
← 飚
[U+98DA]		CJK Unified Ideographs飜 →
[U+98DC]
⾶ U+2FB6, ⾶
KANGXI RADICAL FLY
← ⾵
[U+2FB5]		Kangxi Radicals⾷ →
[U+2FB7]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order
(Japan)

Han character

飛 (Kangxi radical 183, 飛+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓人竹廿人 (NOHTO), four-corner 12413, composition ⿻𠃧⿰⿱丿丿丨)

  1. Kangxi radical #183, ⾶.

Derived characters

  • Appendix:Chinese radical/飛
  • 𠋉, 𫫁, 𪮕, 𨕗, 榌, 䙍, 𦂹, 𬠞, 𢑮, 𫍄, 𫗿, 騛, 𩹉, 𫜛, 𦴧, 𪚢, 𢝵, 𢞵, 𫛊
  • 飞 (Simplified Chinese)

References

  • KangXi: page 1415, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44000
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1938, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4513, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+98DB

Chinese

trad.飛
simp.飞
alternative forms𮨶

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 飛
ShangWarring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone scriptChu slip and silk scriptSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (飛) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
飛*pɯl
騛*pɯl

Pictogram (象形) : looks like a bird flying upwards.

In modern form, resembles a tasseled 升 (shēng).

Etymology

  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bjar ~ *p(i/u)r (“to fly”) > Tibetan འཕུར ('phur), Burmese ပျံ (pyam, “to fly”).
  • Proto-Mon-Khmer *par (“to fly”) > ,

Old Mon ပဝ် (pɔ); Proto-Vietic *pər (“to fly”) (> Vietnamese bay).

Cognate with 翂 (OC *pɯn, “appearance of birds flying slowly”) and 奮 (OC *pɯns, “spread wings and fly”).

“fare”
From English fare.
“femto-”
Borrowed from English femto-.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): fēi (fei1)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟ
    (Chengdu, SP): fei1
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фи (fi, I)
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): fei1
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fei1
  • Gan (Wiktionary): fi1
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pî / fî
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bi1 / fi1
  • Jin (Wiktionary): fei1
  • Min Bei (KCR): ṳě / hí
  • Min Dong (BUC): buŏi / hĭ
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): pe / per / poe / hui / hoe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): buê1 / hui1
  • Wu (Wiktionary): fi (T1)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): fei1
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: fēi
      • Zhuyin: ㄈㄟ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: fei
      • Wade–Giles: fei1
      • Yale: fēi
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fei
      • Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /feɪ̯⁵⁵/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: fei1
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fei
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fei⁵⁵/
    • (Dungan)
      • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фи (fi, I)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fi²⁴/
      (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: fei1
      • Yale: fēi
      • Cantonese Pinyin: fei1
      • Guangdong Romanization: féi1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fei̯⁵⁵/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: fei1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fei³³/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: fi1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fɨi⁴²/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pî / fî
      • Hakka Romanization System: bi´ / fi´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: bi1 / fi1
      • Sinological IPA: /pi²⁴/, /fi²⁴/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: bi1 / fi1
      • Sinological IPA: /pi⁴⁴/, /fi⁴⁴/
Note:
  • pî/bi1 - vernacular;
  • fî/fi1 - literary.
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: fei1
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /fei¹¹/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳě / hí
      • Sinological IPA (key): /yɛ²¹/, /xi⁵⁴/
Note:
  • ṳě - colloquial;
  • hí - literary.
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: buŏi / hĭ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pui⁵⁵/, /hi⁵⁵/
Note:
  • buŏi - colloquial;
  • hĭ - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe
      • Tâi-lô: pe
      • Phofsit Daibuun: pef
      • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /pe⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Philippines): /pe³³/
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: per
      • Tâi-lô: per
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /pə³³/
      • IPA (Kinmen): /pə⁴⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poe
      • Tâi-lô: pue
      • Phofsit Daibuun: poef
      • IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /pue⁴⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hui
      • Tâi-lô: hui
      • Phofsit Daibuun: huy
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /hui³³/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hui⁴⁴/
    • (Hokkien: Taipei, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung, Magong)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoe
      • Tâi-lô: hue
      • Phofsit Daibuun: hoef
      • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hue⁴⁴/
Note:
  • pe/per/poe - vernacular;
  • hui - literary;
  • hoe - only used in 飛行機／飞行机.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: buê1 / hui1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pue / hui
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pue³³/, /hui³³/
Note:
  • buê1 - colloquial;
  • hui1 - literary.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: fi (T1)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /fi⁵³/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: fei1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ɸe̞i³³/
  • Middle Chinese: /pʉi/
Rime
Character飛
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)幫 (1)
Final (韻)微 (21)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Closed
Division (等)III
Fanqie甫微切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/pʉi/
Pan
Wuyun		/pʷɨi/
Shao
Rongfen		/piuəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/puj/
Li
Rong		/piuəi/
Wang
Li		/pĭwəi/
Bernard
Karlgren		/pwe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		fēi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		fei1
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.pə[r]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pɯl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character飛
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		fēi
Middle
Chinese		‹ pjɨj ›
Old
Chinese		/*Cə.pə[r]/ (dialect: *-r > *-j)
Englishfly (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character飛
Reading #1/1
No.3115
Phonetic
component		飛
Rime
group		微
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		猆
Old
Chinese		/*pɯl/

Definitions

飛

  1. (of insects, birds, etc.) to fly
    • 鳥，吾知其能飛；魚，吾知其能游；獸，吾知其能走。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      鸟，吾知其能飞；鱼，吾知其能游；兽，吾知其能走。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
      From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
      Niǎo, wú zhī qí néng fēi; yú, wú zhī qí néng yóu; shòu, wú zhī qí néng zǒu. [Pinyin]
      Birds—I know they can fly; fish—I know they can swim; beasts—I know they can run.
  2. (of aircrafts) to fly
    我明天飛臺北。／我明天飞台北。  ―  Wǒ míngtiān fēi táiběi.  ―  I will fly to Taipei tomorrow.
  3. to float in the sky; to hover
    漫天飛雪／漫天飞雪  ―  màntiān fēi xuě  ―  it's snowing all over
    六月飛霜／六月飞霜  ―  liùyuè fēi shuāng  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
    • 秋風起兮白雲飛，草木黃落兮雁南歸。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      秋风起兮白云飞，草木黄落兮雁南归。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
      From: 2nd century BCE, Liu Che, 秋風辭
      Qiūfēng qǐ xī báiyún fēi, cǎomù huángluò xī yàn nán guī. [Pinyin]
      (please add an English translation of this example)
    • 飛在風中的小雨　夜夜在我的窗前　怨這條愛情路 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
      飞在风中的小雨　夜夜在我的窗前　怨这条爱情路 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
      From: 1998, 伍佰, 飛在風中的小雨
      poe tī hong tiong ê sió-hō͘, iā-iā tī góa ê thang chêng, oàn chit tiâu ài-chêng lō͘ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      (please add an English translation of this example)
  4. to volatilize
  5. fast; rapid; swiftly
    飛奔／飞奔  ―  fēibēn  ―  to dash
    飛漲／飞涨  ―  fēizhàng  ―  to soar
  6. very; extremely
  7. groundless; unfounded
    流言飛語／流言飞语  ―  liúyánfēiyǔ  ―  rumor and slander; gossip
  8. unexpected; accidental
    飛禍／飞祸  ―  fēihuò  ―  unexpected disaster
  9. (Cantonese) to remove
  10. (Cantonese) to skip; to disregard, miss or omit part of a continuation
    考嗰陣，見到有題目唔識做就飛咗佢。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    考嗰阵，见到有题目唔识做就飞咗佢。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    haau2 go2 zan6, gin3 dou3-2 jau5 tai4 muk6 m4 sik1 zou6 zau6 fei1 zo2 keoi5. [Jyutping]
    In the exam, when you see questions that you don't know, skip them.
  11. (Cantonese) to be dumped (by boyfriend or girlfriend)
    啱啱我畀我條女飛咗。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    啱啱我畀我条女飞咗。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngaam1 ngaam1 ngo5 bei2 ngo5 tiu4 neoi5 fei1 zo2. [Jyutping]
    I just got dumped by my girlfriend.
  12. (Cantonese) ticket; fare (Classifier: 張／张 c)
    車飛／车飞 [Cantonese]  ―  ce1 fei1 [Jyutping]  ―  bus or train ticket
    戲飛／戏飞 [Cantonese]  ―  hei3 fei1 [Jyutping]  ―  movie ticket
    你買咗飛未？／你买咗飞未？ [Cantonese]  ―  nei5 maai5 zo2 fei1 mei6? [Jyutping]  ―  Have you bought a ticket?
    • 2012 September 8, “金山客 CH04 甜酸骨與洗衣店”, in 華人移民史‎, RTHK, 6m36s from the start:
      「你冇飛嚟，你冇衫囉。」 [Taishanese, trad.]
      “你冇飞嚟，你冇衫啰。” [Taishanese, simp.]
      [translit?] [Wiktionary]
      You can't get your clothes without your ticket.
  13. (Cantonese) Classifier for cigarettes.
    • 1999, “屋村仔 Part 1”‎, performed by LMF:
      仲有三分鐘 就零晨四點鐘 剩返幾飛煙 個身仲有D凍 [Cantonese, trad.]
      仲有三分钟 就零晨四点钟 剩返几飞烟 个身仲有D冻 [Cantonese, simp.]
      zung6 jau5 saam1 fan1 zung1 zau6 ling4 san4 sei3 dim2 zung1 zing6 faan1 gei2 fei1 jin1 go3 san1 zung6 jau5 di1 dung3 [Jyutping]
      still three more minutes remaining, until it's four o'clock in the morning / left with a couple of cigarretes, and my body is even a tad freezing
  14. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to fizzle out; to fail; to fall through
  15. femto- (SI unit prefix)

Compounds

Derived terms from 飛

Synonyms

  • (remove): 除 (chú), 去除 (qùchú), 移除 (yíchú)
  • (skip): 跳 (tiào), 略過／略过 (lüèguò)
  • (ticket): 券 (quàn), 票 (piào); (Min Nan) 單／单 (dān)

See also

SI prefix
LastNext
皮飛阿

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (飛):
  • → Japanese: 飛(ひ) (hi)
  • → Korean: 비(飛) (bi)
  • → Vietnamese: phi (飛)

Japanese

Kanji

飛

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. to fly
  2. rook (as used in Shogi, or Japanese chess)

Readings

  • Go-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: とぶ (tobu, 飛ぶ, Jōyō); とばす (tobasu, 飛ばす, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: あす (asu); とび (tobi); たか (taka)

Noun

飛(ひ) • (hi) 

  1. Abbreviation of 飛車 (hisha).

Compounds

Derived terms
  • 飛(ひ)行(こう) (hikō): aviation
  • 飛(ひ)行(こう)機(き) (hikōki): airplane, aircraft
  • 飛(ひ)行(こう)場(じょう) (hikōjō): airfield, airport
  • 飛(ひ)来(らい) (hirai): come flying
  • 飛(ひ)鳥(ちょう) (hichō): flying bird
  • 雄(ゆう)飛(ひ) (yūhi): launching out
  • 飛(ひ)球(きゅう) (hikyū): fly ball
  • 犠(ぎ)飛(ひ) (gihi): sacrifice fly
  • 飛(ひ)躍(やく) (hiyaku): leaping, activity
  • 突(とっ)飛(ぴ) (toppi): erratic, offbeat
  • 飛(と)び上(あ)がる (tobiagaru): spring, jump up
  • 飛(と)び込(こ)む (tobikomu): jump in
  • 飛(と)び切(き)り (tobikiri): extraordinary, superior
  • 飛(と)び魚(うお) (tobiuo): flying fish
  • 飛(と)び子(こ) (tobiko): flying fish roe
  • 飛(と)び移(うつ)る (tobiutsuru): jump from one thing to another
  • 鳩(はと)を飛(と)ばす (hato o tobasu): fly a pigeon
  • 檄(げき)を飛(と)ばす (geki o tobasu): issue a manifesto
  • 叱(しか)り飛(と)ばす (shikaritobasu): rebuke strongly

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 飛 (MC pʉi). Recorded as Middle Korean 비 (pi) (Yale: pi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource飛 (eumhun 날 비 (nal bi))

  1. Hanja form? of 비 (“to fly”).

Compounds

Compounds
  • 비상 (飛翔, bisang)
  • 비약 (飛躍, biyak)
  • 비화 (飛火, bihwa)
  • 비룡 (飛龍, biryong)
  • 웅비 (雄飛, ungbi)
  • 비어 (飛魚, bieo)
  • 비행 (飛行, bihaeng)
  • 비행기 (飛行機, bihaenggi)
  • 비행사 (飛行士, bihaengsa)

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

飛: Hán Nôm readings: phi, bay

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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