風邪

風邪

See also: 风邪

Chinese

		wind; news; style wind; news; style; custom; manner	demonical; iniquitous; nefarious
trad. (風邪)		風	邪
simp. (风邪)		风	邪

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fēngxié

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥ ㄒㄧㄝˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fung¹ ce⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fûng-sià
• Min Nan (POJ): hong-siâ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fēngxié
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ ㄒㄧㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fongsié
    • Wade–Giles: fêng¹-hsieh²
    • Yale: fēng-syé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fengshye
    • Palladius: фэнсе (fɛnse)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕjɛ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fung¹ ce⁴
    • Yale: fūng chèh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fung¹ tse⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: fung¹ cé⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛː²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûng-sià
    • Hakka Romanization System: fung´ xiaˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fung¹ xia²
    • Sinological IPA: /fuŋ²⁴ ɕi̯a¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-siâ
    • Tâi-lô: hong-siâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hongsiaa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɕia²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ ɕia²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɕia¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɕia²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɕia²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /pɨuŋ  zia/

Rime
Character	風	邪
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	方戎切	似嗟切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨuŋ/	/zia/
Pan Wuyun	/piuŋ/	/zia/
Shao Rongfen	/piuŋ/	/zia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puwŋ/	/zia/
Li Rong	/piuŋ/	/zia/
Wang Li	/pĭuŋ/	/zĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯uŋ/	/zi̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēng	xié
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fung1	ce4

Noun

風邪

1. (traditional Chinese medicine) pathogenic influence; cold

   • 帝嘗幸苑圃離宮，后輒以風邪露霧爲戒。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     帝尝幸苑圃离宫，后辄以风邪露雾为戒。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5^th century CE

     Dì cháng xìng yuànpǔ lígōng, hòu zhé yǐ fēngxié lù wù wèi jiè. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Synonyms

• 風寒／风寒 (fēnghán)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
風	邪
かぜ
Grade: 2	Grade: S
jukujikun

From 風 (kaze, “wind”).[1][2] The kanji is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 風邪.

First cited to a text from 984 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かぜ [kàzé] (Heiban – [0])[3][2][4]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ze̞]

Noun

風邪(かぜ) • (kaze) 

1. [from 984] (medicine) a cold (illness)

   風邪(かぜ)を引(ひ)く

   kaze o hiku

   to catch a cold

   • 1996 February 20 [Feb 15 1988], Adachi, Mitsuru, “テイク・オフ [Take Off]”, in SHORT PROGRAM(ショート・プログラム) [SHORT PROGRAM], volume 1 (fiction), 25th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 102:

     ——ああ、おまえがカゼひいた時(とき)一晩(ばん)中(じゅう)看(かん)病(びょう)してくれた、コンビニエンスストアで知(し)り合(あ)った女(じょ)子(し)大(だい)生(せい)。

     ——Ā, omae ga kaze hiita toki hitobanjū kanbyō shite kureta, konbiniensu sutoa de shiriatta joshi daisei.

     ——Ah, that college schoolgirl you met at a convenience store who spent all night nursing​ you when you caught that cold.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 風邪(かぜ)気(ぎ)味(み) (kazegimi): being under the weather, feeling like a cold is starting
• 風邪(かぜ)薬(ぐすり) (kazegusuri): cold medicine
• 風邪(かぜ)気(け) (kazeke): being under the weather, feeling like a cold is starting (less common than kazegimi)
• 風邪(かぜ)声(ごえ) (kazegoe): a hoarse voice, having a frog in one's throat
• 風邪(かぜ)引(ひ)き (kazehiki): catching a cold; someone who has caught a cold

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
風	邪
ふう Grade: 2	じゃ Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 風邪 (MC pɨuŋ zia).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ふ​うじゃ [fúꜜùjà] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
• (Tokyo) ふうじゃ [fùújá] (Heiban – [0])[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝːʑa̠]

Noun

風(ふう)邪(じゃ) • (fūja) 

1. (medicine) a cold (illness)

References

1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
3. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN