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单词 音
释义

音

音 U+97F3, 音
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97F3
← 韲
[U+97F2]		CJK Unified Ideographs韴 →
[U+97F4]
⾳ U+2FB3, ⾳
KANGXI RADICAL SOUND
← ⾲
[U+2FB2]		Kangxi Radicals⾴ →
[U+2FB4]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

音 (Kangxi radical 180, 音+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日 (YTA), four-corner 00601, composition ⿱立日 or ⿱亠𣅑)

  1. Kangxi radical #180, ⾳.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №58

Derived characters

  • Appendix:Chinese radical/音
  • 偣, 𠗥, 喑, 堷, 㛺, 𡺈, 𢄈, 愔, 揞, 摿, 湆, 𤟟, 隌, 暗, 𪳀, 𬇂, 𤋾, 腤, 𥚱, 𤭵, 𪾲, 𥏮, 䅧, 𥻚, 𦂺, 𦖢, 諳(谙), 䜾, 𮛾, 𨍑, 䤃, 𮢣, 𩈴, 𮧡, 䬓(𫗊), 𩩿, 𬛯, 𩹎, 黯, 𩆢, 𥃛, 𪛏
  • 𪟠, 𫦊, 戠, 𢻕, 𢾑, 𢾚, 歆, 𪵦, 𫅬, 𧡱, 𧯹, 𪱐, 鶕(𬸝), 𥃚, 意, 𡩘, 𡺞, 萻, 窨, 罯, 𦋫, 𩄒, 𩮋, 𪔧, 𩇄, 𫨏, 𢉩, 瘖, 闇(𬮴), 𧗹, 𫭏

References

  • KangXi: page 1396, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43265
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1912, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4495, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+97F3

Chinese

simp. and trad.
音

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 音
Western ZhouSpring and AutumnWarring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptionsBronze inscriptionsChu slip and silk scriptSmall seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (音) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
諳*qɯːm
腤*qɯːm
嬜*qɯːm, *qʰaːm, *qʰrɯm
喑*qɯːm, *qrɯm, *qrɯms
揞*qɯːmʔ, *qrɯːms
隌*qɯːmʔ, *qrɯm
罯*qɯːmʔ, *qɯːb
暗*qɯːms
闇*qɯːms
黯*qrɯːm, *qrɯːmʔ
歆*qʰrɯm
愔*qɯm
韾*qɯm
音*qrɯm
瘖*qrɯm
窨*qrɯms
湆*kʰrɯb

Ideogram (指事) : 言 (“word”) with something in 口 (“mouth”) – sound comes from the mouth.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): yīn (yin1)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣ
    (Chengdu, SP): yin1
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йин (yin, I)
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): jam1
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yim1
  • Gan (Wiktionary): in1
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yîm
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yim1
  • Jin (Wiktionary): ing2 / ing1
  • Min Bei (KCR): éng
  • Min Dong (BUC): ĭng
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): im
    (Teochew, Peng'im): im1 / ing1
  • Wu (Wiktionary): in (T1)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): in1
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: yīn
      • Zhuyin: ㄧㄣ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: yin
      • Wade–Giles: yin1
      • Yale: yīn
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: in
      • Palladius: инь (inʹ)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /in⁵⁵/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: yin1
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: in
      • Sinological IPA (key): /in⁵⁵/
    • (Dungan)
      • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йин (yin, I)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ²⁴/
      (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: jam1
      • Yale: yām
      • Cantonese Pinyin: jam1
      • Guangdong Romanization: yem1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jɐm⁵⁵/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: yim1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /jim³³/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: in1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /in⁴²/
  • Hakka
    • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîm
      • Hakka Romanization System: im´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yim1
      • Sinological IPA: /im²⁴/
    • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîm
      • Hakka Romanization System: (r)im´
      • Hagfa Pinyim: yim1
      • Sinological IPA: /(j)im²⁴/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: yim1
      • Sinological IPA: /im⁴⁴/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: ing2 / ing1
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ĩŋ⁵³/, /ĩŋ¹¹/
Note:
  • ing2 in 音訊;
  • ing1 in 聲音.
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: éng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /eiŋ⁵⁴/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ⁵⁵/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: im
      • Tâi-lô: im
      • Phofsit Daibuun: ym
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /im⁴⁴/
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /im³³/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: im1 / ing1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: im / ing
      • Sinological IPA (key): /im³³/, /iŋ³³/
Note: ing1 - Chenghai.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: in (T1)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ɪɲ⁵³/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: in1
      • Sinological IPA (key): /in³³/
  • Dialectal data
VarietyLocation
edit
音
MandarinBeijing/in⁵⁵/
Harbin/in⁴⁴/
Tianjin/in²¹/
Jinan/iẽ²¹³/
Qingdao/iə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou/in²⁴/
Xi'an/iẽ²¹/
Xining/iə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan/iŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou/ĩn³¹/
Ürümqi/iŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan/in⁵⁵/
Chengdu/in⁵⁵/
Guiyang/in⁵⁵/
Kunming/ĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing/in³¹/
Hefei/in²¹/
JinTaiyuan/iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao/iŋ¹³/
Hohhot/ĩŋ³¹/
WuShanghai/iŋ⁵³/
Suzhou/in⁵⁵/
Hangzhou/ʔin³³/
Wenzhou/j̠aŋ³³/
HuiShexian/iʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi/in¹¹/
XiangChangsha/in³³/
Xiangtan/in³³/
GanNanchang/in⁴²/
HakkaMeixian/im⁴⁴/
Taoyuan/im²⁴/
CantoneseGuangzhou/jɐm⁵³/
Nanning/jɐm⁵⁵/
Hong Kong/jɐm⁵⁵/
MinXiamen (Min Nan)/im⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong)/iŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei)/eiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan)/im³³/
Haikou (Min Nan)/im²³/
  • Middle Chinese: /ʔˠiɪm/
Rime
Character音
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)影 (34)
Final (韻)侵 (140)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie於金切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ʔˠiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun		/ʔᵚim/
Shao
Rongfen		/ʔiem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/ʔjim/
Li
Rong		/ʔjəm/
Wang
Li		/ĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ʔi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		yīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		jam1
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[q](r)əm/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qrɯm/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character音
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		yīn
Middle
Chinese		‹ ʔim ›
Old
Chinese		/*[q](r)əm/
Englishsound, tone

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character音
Reading #1/1
No.15223
Phonetic
component		音
Rime
group		侵
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		音
Old
Chinese		/*qrɯm/

Definitions

音

  1. sound; voice; tone
    蘿莉音／萝莉音  ―  luólìyīn  ―  loli voice
  2. news; tidings
  3. (music) pitch; note
  4. (phonetics) pronunciation; syllable
    京音  ―  jīngyīn  ―  Beijing pronunciation
    潮音  ―  cháoyīn  ―  Teochew pronunciation
    中古音  ―  zhōnggǔyīn  ―  Middle Chinese pronunciation
    方音  ―  fāngyīn  ―  dialectal pronunciation
    陽江音／阳江音  ―  Yángjiāng yīn  ―  Yangjiang pronunciation

Synonyms

  • (sound): (literary, or in compounds) 聲／声 (shēng), 聲音／声音 (shēngyīn), (literary) 音聲／音声 (yīnshēng), (acoustics) 音響／音响 (yīnxiǎng)

Compounds

Derived terms from 音

Japanese

Shinjitai音
Kyūjitai
[1][2]
音󠄁
音+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
音󠄃
音+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

音

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. sound
  2. timbre
  3. Short for 音楽 (ongaku): music
  4. speech (phonetics)
  5. Short for 字音 (jion): Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
  6. news, tidings

Readings

  • Go-on: おん (on, Jōyō)←おん (on, historical)←おむ (omu, ancient)
  • Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)←いん (in, historical)←いむ (imu, ancient)
  • Kun: おと (oto, 音, Jōyō); と (to, 音); ね (ne, 音, Jōyō); たより (tayori, 音り)
  • Nanori: お (o); とん (ton); なり (nari); ねね (nene); のん (non); ひびき (hibiki); りり (riri)

Compounds

Compounds
  • 音(おん)韻(いん) (on'in)
  • 音(おん)価(か) (onka)
  • 音(おん)階(かい) (onkai)
  • 音(おん)楽(がく) (ongaku, “music”)
  • 音(おん)感(かん) (onkan)
  • 音(おん)義(ぎ) (ongi)
  • 音(おん)響(きょう) (onkyō, “sound”)
  • 音(おん)曲(きょく) (onkyoku)
  • 音(おん)訓(くん) (onkun)
  • 音(おん)耗(もう) (onmō)
  • 音(おん)叉(さ) (onsa)
  • 音(おん)子(し) (onshi, “phonon”)
  • 音(おん)字(じ) (onji)
  • 音(おん)質(しつ) (onshitsu)
  • 音(おん)色(しょく) (onshoku)
  • 音(おん)信(しん) (onshin)
  • 音(おん)塵(じん) (onjin)
  • 音(おん)声(せい) (onsei)
  • 音(おん)制(せい) (onsei)
  • 音(おん)節(せつ) (onsetsu)
  • 音(おん)素(そ) (onso)
  • 音(おん)息(そく) (onsoku)
  • 音(おん)速(そく) (onsoku)
  • 音(おん)痴(ち) (onchi)
  • 音(おん)注(ちゅう) (onchū)
  • 音(おん)調(ちょう) (onchō)
  • 音(おん)程(てい) (ontei)
  • 音(おん)通(つう) (ontsū)
  • 音(おん)頭(ど) (ondo)
  • 音(おん)読(どく) (ondoku)
  • 音(おん)波(ぱ) (onpa)
  • 音(おん)標(ぴょう)文(も)字(じ) (onpyōmoji)
  • 音(おん)便(びん) (onbin)
  • 音(おん)符(ぷ) (onpu)
  • 音(おん)譜(ぷ) (onpu)
  • 音(おん)問(もん) (onmon)
  • 音(おん)訳(やく) (on'yaku)
  • 音(おん)律(りつ) (onritsu)
  • 音(おん)量(りょう) (onryō)
  • 観(かん)音(のん) (kannon)
  • 子(し)音(いん) (shiin), 子(し)音(おん) (shion, “consonant”)
  • 震(しん)音(おん) (shin'on, “tremolo”)
  • 琵(び)音(おん) (bion): arpeggio
  • 母(ぼ)音(いん) (boin), 母(ぼ)音(おん) (boon, “vowel”)
  • 漣(れん)音(おん) (ren'on, “mordent”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
音
おん
Grade: 1
on’yomi

*/ʔiəm/ → /əmʉ/ → /omʉ/ → /oɴ/

From Middle Chinese 音 (MC ʔˠiɪm).

Pronunciation

  • On’yomi: Goon
    • (Tokyo) おん [òń] (Heiban – [0])[3][4]
    • IPA(key): [õ̞ɴ]

Noun

音(おん) • (on) 

  1. sound
  2. (linguistics) speech sound
  3. Short for 音読み (on'yomi): the Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
  4. (by extension) reading of a Chinese character outside the Japanese language; rime
  5. Short for 音楽 (ongaku): music
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 五(ご)十(じゅう)音(おん) (gojūon)
  • 唇(しん)音(おん) (shin'on)
  • 舌(ぜつ)音(おん) (zetsuon)
  • 破(は)擦(さつ)音(おん) (hasatsu-on)
  • 発(はつ)音(おん) (hatsuon)
  • 破(は)裂(れつ)音(おん) (haretsu-on)
  • 鼻(び)音(おん) (bion)
  • 摩(ま)擦(さつ)音(おん) (masatsu-on)
  • 録(ろく)音(おん) (rokuon)
  • 福(ふく)音(いん) (fukuin)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
音
おっと
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Kanji in this term
音
おと
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨oto2⟩ → */otə/ → /oto/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Appears in the late 1400s with the geminate pronunciation /otto/.[5] This reading is very rare, and appears to have fallen out of use.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) おと​ [òtóꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[3][4][6]
  • IPA(key): [o̞to̞]
  • IPA(key): [o̞t̚to̞]

(rare, obsolete)

Noun

音(おと) • (oto) 

  1. a sound
    音(おと)を漏(も)らす
    oto o morasu
    to let out a sound
    音(おと)を立(た)てずに
    oto o tatezu ni
    without raising a sound → noiselessly; silently
  2. when used with a "hear" verb, a rumor or fame (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  3. news, tidings
  4. a reply, response
Usage notes

Oto is used for loud sounds and voices, as opposed to ne (see below).

Derived terms
  • 足音(あしおと) (ashioto)
  • 音(おと)に聞(き)く (oto ni kiku)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
音
と
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨to2⟩ → */tə/ → /to/

The shift from oto above, with the initial o being dropped.

The drop is likely due to haplology with the possessive particle の (no).

Noun

音(と) • (to) 

  1. sound; echo; voice
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3453), text here
      可是能(かぜの)等(と)能(の)登抱吉和伎母賀(とほきわぎもが)吉西斯伎奴(きせしきぬ)多母登乃久太利(たもとのくだり)麻欲比伎尓家利(まよひきにけり) [Man'yōgana]
      風(かぜ)の音(と)の遠(とほ)き我妹(わぎも)が着(き)せし衣(きぬ)手(た)本(もと)のくだりまよひ来(き)にけり [Modern spelling]
      kaze no to no tōki wagimo ga kiseshi-kinu tamoto no kudari, mayoi-ki ni keri
      My dear wife, far away (as the sound of the wind), some threads of the sleeves of the kimono you made me wear have come to be worn and chafed![7]
Derived terms
  • 風(かぜ)の音(と)の (kaze no to no, pillow word)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
音
ね
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨ne2⟩ → */nəɨ/ → /ne/

From Old Japanese.

From 音 (na, “sound”, bound form) + い (i, emphatic nominative particle).

Alternative forms

  • 哭

Pronunciation

  • Kun’yomi
    • (Tokyo) ね [nè] (Heiban – [0])[3][4]
    • IPA(key): [ne̞]

Noun

音(ね) • (ne) 

  1. a sound, voice
  2. the cry of an animal
Usage notes

Ne is used for relatively soft sounds and voices that appeals to human emotions, as opposed to oto (see above).

Derived terms
  • 音(ね)色(いろ) (neiro, “timbre”)
  • 泣(な)く, 哭(な)く (naku, “cry”)
  • 空(そら)音(ね) (sorane, “imitative cry”)

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
音
いん
Grade: 1
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 音 (MC ʔˠiɪm).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

  • On’yomi: Kan’on
    • IPA(key): [ĩɴ]

Affix

音(いん) • (in) 

  1. (uncommon) Alternative form of 音 (on)
    1. sound
      子(し)音(いん)、母(ぼ)音(いん) ― shiin, boin ― (also shion, boon) consonant; vowel
    2. news; tidings; word
      音(いん)信(しん) ― inshin ― (also onshin) message, news

References

  1. 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2305 (paper), page 1204 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
  2. 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1353 (paper), page 689 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  5. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  6. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  7. Jan Lodewijk Pierson, Jr. (1964) The Makura-Kotoba of the Manyôśû, Leiden: Brill Archive, page 54

Korean

Hanja

音 (eumhun 소리 음 (sori eum))

  1. Hanja form? of 음 (“sound; news”).
  2. Hanja form? of 음 (“speech”).
  3. Hanja form? of 음 (“pronunciation”).
    • 訓之對 文字讀聲 (훈지대 문자독성, hunjidae munjadokseong) the complement of the hun (hence) the sound reading a (Chinese) character.

Synonyms

  • 聲

Compounds

Derived terms
  • 音訓 (음훈) eumhun
  • 音讀 (음독) strait or loud reading
  • 音聲 (음성) voice
  • 音樂 (음악) music
  • 字音 (자음) pronunciation
  • 發音 (발음) pronunciation
  • 子音 (자음) consonant
  • 母音 (모음) vowel
  • 表音 (표음) phonetic representation

Kunigami

Kanji

音

  • Kun: ふと゚ぅー (futū)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *oto, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɸutˀuː/

Noun

音 (hiragana ふと゚ぅー, romaji futū)

  1. sound

Okinawan

Kanji

音

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

  • Kun: うとぅ (utu, 音)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *oto, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔutu/

Noun

音 (hiragana うとぅ, rōmaji utu)

  1. sound

Old Korean

Phonogram

音 (*-m)

  1. A consonantal phonogram denoting coda consonant *-m

Vietnamese

Han character

音: Hán Nôm readings: âm, ậm, ơm

  1. sound; noise

Compounds

  • 音聲 (âm thanh)
  • 元音 (nguyên âm)
  • 回音 (hồi âm)
  • 觀音 (Quan Âm)
  • 輔音 (phụ âm)
  • 音樂 (âm nhạc)
  • 音樂古典 (âm nhạc cổ điển)

Usage notes

  • Chữ Nôm. The modern Vietnamese equivalent is âm.

References

  • www.chunom.org

Yaeyama

Kanji

音

  • Kun: うとぅ (utu)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *oto, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔutu/

Noun

音 (hiragana うとぅ, romaji utu)

  1. sound

Yonaguni

Kanji

音

  • Kun: うとぅ (utu)

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *oto, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /utu/

Noun

音 (hiragana うとぅ, romaji utu)

  1. sound
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