鞬

鞬	U+97AC, 鞬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97AC

← 鞫
[U+97AB]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鞭 →
[U+97AD]

Translingual

Han character

鞬 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 廿十弓大手 (TJNKQ), four-corner 4504₄, composition ⿰革建)

a leather case for bow and arrow

References

KangXi: page 1390, character 6

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42934

Dae Jaweon: page 1904, character 28

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4341, character 5

Unihan data for U+97AC

Baekje

Etymology

Probably inflecting stem *k(j)ə- + gerundive *-n, the latter being attested as Old Korean 隱 (*-n).

Connected to Middle Korean 하 (ha-, “to be many, to be great”), Old Korean *흐그 (*huku-) > Middle Korean 크〮 (khú, “to be large”).

Adjective

鞬 (*k(j)ə-n) (Nihon shoki コニ or コ)

big, great

Reconstruction notes

Attested as 鞬 (MC kɨɐn) in Book of Zhou, as part of a compound word.

Attested primarily in compounds as コニ (*koni) or sometimes コ (*ko) in Nihon shoki. コニ (*koni) may be a transcription of *k(j)ə-n because Old Japanese lacked coda *-n, or alternatively a transcription of the sequence *k(j)ə-n i "the great one"; compare Middle Korean 크〮니〮 (khún í, “id.”).

Perhaps also attested as 近 (MC ɡɨn^X, ɡɨn^H), an element in the titles of several Baekje kings: 近肖古王 (Geun-Chogo-wang), 近仇首王 (Geun-Gusu-wang), etc. These titles are also attested in forms that lack 近, showing that it is a separate, detachable element.

Derived terms

鞬吉支 (*kən-kici, “king (of Baekje)”)

References

John Bentley (2000), “New Look at Paekche and Korean: Data from Nihon shoki”, in Language Research‎, volume 36, issue 2, Seoul National University, pages 417—443
Alexander Vovin (2013), “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎, volume 15, issue 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 222—240

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (建) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
犍	ɡran, kan
騝	ɡran, kan
鍵	ɡran, ɡranʔ, *ɡanʔ
揵	ɡran, kanʔ
鞬	*kan
腱	kan, ɡans
湕	*kanʔ
建	*kans
旔	*kans
楗	*ɡanʔ
健	*ɡans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kan) : semantic 革 + phonetic 建 (OC *kans).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		鞬

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiān (jian¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gin¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jian
  - Wade–Giles: chien¹
  - Yale: jyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
  - Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gin¹
  - Yale: gīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gin¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːn⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kɨɐn/

Rime
Character	鞬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	元 (65)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居言切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/kiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨan/
Li Rong	/kiɐn/
Wang Li	/kĭɐn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɨ̯ɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gin¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kan/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鞬
Reading #	1/1
No.	6214
Phonetic component	建
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	𢳚
Old Chinese	/*kan/

Definitions

鞬

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

弓鞬

櫜鞬

鞬服

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		鞬

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiàn (jian⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
  - Wade–Giles: chien⁴
  - Yale: jyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
  - Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛn⁵¹/

Definitions

鞬

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B05631
“鞬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

鞬

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

quiver on a horse
store

Readings

On (unclassified): けん (ken), こん (kon), ごん (gon)

Kun: ゆみぶくろ (yumibukuro)

Korean

Hanja

鞬 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken)

a leather case for bow and arrow
bundle