霜露

霜露

Chinese

		frost	to show; to reveal; to expose to show; to reveal; to expose; dew
simp. and trad. (霜露)		霜	露

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shuānglù

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄤ ㄌㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹ lou⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shuānglù
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄤ ㄌㄨˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuangluh
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: soeng¹ lou⁶
    • Yale: sēung louh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹ lou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹ lou⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /sœ̽ːŋ⁵⁵ lou̯²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʃɨɐŋ  luo^H/▼

Rime
Character	霜	露
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	色莊切	洛故切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃɨɐŋ/	/luoH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃiɐŋ/	/luoH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiɑŋ/	/loH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂɨaŋ/	/lɔH/
Li Rong	/ʃiaŋ/	/loH/
Wang Li	/ʃĭaŋ/	/luH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂi̯aŋ/	/luoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuāng	lù

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]raŋ  p.rˤak-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sraŋ  ɡ·raːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	霜	露
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shuāng	lù
Middle Chinese	‹ srjang ›	‹ luH ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]raŋ/	/*p.rˁak-s/
English	hoar-frost	dew; disclose
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	霜	露
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13587	3860
Phonetic component	相	各
Rime group	陽	暮
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	霜	路
Old Chinese	/*sraŋ/	/*ɡ·raːɡs/

Noun

霜露

1. frost and dew
2. (figuratively) difficulties and hardships