雉

雉

雉 U+96C9, 雉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96C9 ← 雈 [U+96C8] CJK Unified Ideographs 雊 → [U+96CA]

Translingual

Han character

雉 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人大人土 (OKOG), four-corner 8041₄, composition ⿰矢隹)

References

• KangXi: page 1365, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41987
• Dae Jaweon: page 1870, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4097, character 1
• Unihan data for U+96C9

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		雉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (矢) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
彘	*l'eds
璏	*l'eds, *ɢʷleds, *ɢʷled
薙	*l̥ʰiːs, *ljiʔ, *l'iʔ
知	*ʔl'e
蜘	*te
智	*ʔl'es
鼅	*te
潪	*teɡs, *deɡ
踟	*de
雉	*l'iʔ
矢	*hliʔ
痴	*l̥ʰɯ

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rik ~ *s-ryak (“pheasant, partridge”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).

• Inside Chinese, cognate with 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ, “long-tailed pheasant”) and 雒 (OC *ɡ·raːɡ).
• Outside Chinese, cognate with Burmese ရစ် (rac), Tibetan [script needed] (sreg-pa, “partridge”), Mizo va-hrit. & possibly Chepang [script needed] (rut-waʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhì (zhi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): tǐ / tī / thī

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴
    • Yale: jr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
    • Palladius: чжи (čži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zi⁶
    • Yale: jih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǐ
    • Tâi-lô: tǐ
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ti²²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tī
    • Tâi-lô: tī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: di
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ti³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ti²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thī
    • Tâi-lô: thī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ti
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰi³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɖˠiɪ^X/

Rime
Character	雉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直几切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiɪX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚiX/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɪX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖjiX/
Li Rong	/ȡjiX/
Wang Li	/ȡiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lr[i]jʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'iʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	雉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhì
Middle Chinese	‹ drijX ›
Old Chinese	/*lr[i]jʔ/
English	pheasant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	雉
Reading #	1/1
No.	11502
Phonetic component	矢
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雉
Old Chinese	/*l'iʔ/

Definitions

雉

1. pheasant

   • 今有雉、兔同籠，上有三十五頭，下有九十四足。問雉、兔各幾何。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     今有雉、兔同笼，上有三十五头，下有九十四足。问雉、兔各几何。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 3rd–5th century, Sunzi Suanjing

     Jīn yǒu zhì, tù tóng lóng, shàng yǒu sānshíwǔ tóu, xià yǒu jiǔshísì zú. Wèn zhì, tù gè jǐhé. [Pinyin]

     There are pheasants and hares in a cage, with thirty-five heads on top and ninety-four feet below. We ask that how many pheasants and hares are there each.

2. crenellated wall
3. an ancient Chinese measuring unit of the area of walls equivalent to three chi in length by one chi in height

   • 都城過百雉，國之害也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     都城过百雉，国之害也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Dū chéng guò bǎi zhì, guó zhī hài yě. [Pinyin]

     A city with walls larger than 300 chi by 1 chi endangers the country.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 雉 (“pheasant”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		雉
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		雉, 雉雞, 野雞
Mandarin	Harbin	野雞, 山雞
	Yantai (Muping)	野雞
	Jinan	野雞
	Luoyang	野雞
	Wanrong	野雞
	Xi'an	野雞
	Yinchuan	野雞
	Xining	野雞, 馬班子
	Ürümqi	野雞
	Wuhan	野雞, 野雞子
	Chengdu	野雞
	Guiyang	野雞, 慶雞, 錦雞
	Liuzhou	野雞, 山雞
	Xuzhou	野雞
	Yangzhou	野雞
	Nanjing	野雞, 山雞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	野雞, 山雞, 雉雞
	Hong Kong	山雞
	Dongguan	山雞
Gan	Nanchang	野雞
	Lichuan	野雞
	Pingxiang	野雞
Hakka	Meixian	野雞, 山雞, 雉雞
	Yudu	野雞
Huizhou	Jixi	山雞
Jin	Taiyuan	野雞
	Xinzhou	野雞
Min Bei	Jian'ou	山雞
Min Dong	Fuzhou	野雞
Min Nan	Xiamen	野雞, 山雞
	Quanzhou	野雞, 山雞
	Zhangzhou	野雞, 山雞
	Shantou	山雞
	Leizhou	山雞
	Haikou	山雞
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	山雞
Wu	Shanghai	野雞
	Shanghai (Chongming)	野雞
	Suzhou	野雞
	Danyang	野雞
	Hangzhou	野雞
	Ningbo	野雞
	Wenzhou	野雞, 山雞
Xiang	Changsha	野雞
	Loudi	野雞

Compounds

基雉 如皋射雉 帝雉 (dìzhì) 百雉 雄雉 雉堞 雉媒 雉尾小生 雉尾扇

雉求牡匹 雉雉 雉雊 麝雉 兔羅雉離／兔罗雉离 呼盧喝雉／呼卢喝雉 喝雉呼盧／喝雉呼卢 宮雉／宫雉 家雞野雉／家鸡野雉

矲雉／𰦜雉 錦雉之衣／锦雉之衣 雉經／雉经 雉門／雉门 雉雞／雉鸡 (zhìjī) 雉雞翎／雉鸡翎 雉鳩／雉鸠 鸐雉／𱊱雉

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Japanese

Alternative forms

• 雉子

Kanji

雉

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. green pheasant

Readings

• Go-on: じ (ji)^{←ぢ (di, historical)}
• Kan-on: ち (chi)
• Kun: きじ (kiji, 雉); かき (kaki)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
雉
きじ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) きじ [kìjí] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [kʲiʑi]

Noun

雉(きじ) • (kiji) 

1. a green pheasant

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as キジ.

References

1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja

雉 (eum 치 (chi))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

雉: Hán Nôm readings: trĩ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.