雅
|
Translingual
Han character
雅 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+4 in Chinese, 隹+5 in Japanese, 12 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 一竹人土 (MHOG), four-corner 70214, composition ⿰牙隹)
Derived characters
- 𠾒, 𡡳, 𪷐, 蕥
References
- KangXi: page 1365, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41973
- Dae Jaweon: page 1869, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4094, character 2
- Unihan data for U+96C5
Chinese
trad. | 雅 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 雅 |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (牙) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
邪 | *ljaː, *laː |
衺 | *ljaː |
牙 | *ŋraː |
芽 | *ŋraː |
齖 | *ŋraː, *ŋraːs |
呀 | *ŋraː, *hŋraː |
枒 | *ŋraː, *ŋraːs |
雅 | *ŋraːʔ |
厊 | *ŋraːʔ |
庌 | *ŋraːʔ |
訝 | *ŋraːs |
迓 | *ŋraːs |
砑 | *ŋraːs |
犽 | *ŋraːs |
疨 | *hŋraː |
岈 | *hŋraː |
谺 | *hŋraː |
颬 | *hŋraː |
鴉 | *qraː |
釾 | *laː |
Etymology 1
For pronunciation and definitions of 雅 – see 鴉 (“crow; raven”). (This character, 雅, is a variant form of 鴉.) |
Etymology 2
Schuessler (2007) leaves its etymology as unknown, yet mentions that it has been suggested to be related to 夏 (OC *ɡraːʔ) (e.g. by Wang Yinzhi apud Zhi, 2004), etc.), a proposal also supported by Baxter & Sagart (2014).
Pronunciation
Definitions
雅
- (literary) standard; proper; correct
- elegant; graceful; refined
- (polite) your; your esteemed; your gracious
- (literary) friendship; companionship
- (literary) usually; often
- (literary) very much; extremely
- a section in the Classic of Poetry consisting of dynastic hymns
- † standard language (usually used in titles of ancient Chinese dictionaries such as the Erya)
- (Teochew) pretty; beautiful
- a surname
Synonyms
- (pretty):
edit
Synonyms of 雅
|
|
|
Dialectal synonyms of 漂亮 (“good-looking; beautiful; pretty”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words edit |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 漂亮, 好看, 美, 美麗, 美觀 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 好看, 漂亮, 俊 |
Taiwan | 好看, 漂亮 | |
Tianjin | 好看, 漂亮 | |
Tangshan | 好看 | |
Cangzhou | 好看, 漂亮, 俊 | |
Baoding | 好看, 漂亮 | |
Shijiazhuang | 好看 | |
Chifeng | 好看, 漂亮, 標緻 | |
Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 好看, 漂亮 | |
Harbin | 好看, 漂亮, 俊, 美 | |
Shenyang | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻 | |
Yantai (Muping) | 俊 | |
Qingdao | 漂亮, 俊 | |
Jinan | 好看, 漂亮, 俊, 俊巴, 美 | |
Luoyang | 好看, 漂亮, 美, 標緻 | |
Wanrong | 好看 | |
Zhengzhou | 漂亮, 標緻, 好看, 齊整 | |
Xi'an | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 嫽, 排場, 心疼 | |
Yinchuan | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 俊 | |
Lanzhou | 好看, 漂亮, 美, 俊 | |
Xining | 好看, 標緻, 俊, 秀溜 | |
Ürümqi | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 翠活 | |
Wuhan | 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 體面, 寧馨, 標, 媌, 刮氣, 美 | |
Chengdu | 好看, 漂亮, 乖, 抻抖, 抻展 | |
Chongqing | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 乖, 抻抖 | |
Guiyang | 抻透, 抻展, 好看, 漂亮, 秀氣 | |
Kunming | 好看, 漂亮, 標緻 | |
Guilin | 漂亮 | |
Liuzhou | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 靚2, 㜺 | |
Xuzhou | 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 俊, 冠冕, 辦事 | |
Yangzhou | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 不醜 | |
Nanjing | 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 不醜 | |
Hefei | 美, 漂亮, 好看, 格式, 排場 | |
Nantong | 好看, 漂亮 | |
Singapore | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 美麗 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 靚2, 好睇, 好樣 |
Hong Kong | 靚2, 好睇 | |
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 靚2 | |
Macau | 靚2 | |
Guangzhou (Panyu) | 靚2 | |
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 靚2 | |
Guangzhou (Conghua) | 靚2 | |
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 靚2 | |
Foshan | 靚2 | |
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 靚2 | |
Foshan (Shunde) | 靚2 | |
Foshan (Sanshui) | 靚2 | |
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 靚2 | |
Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 靚2 | |
Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 靚2 | |
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 靚2 | |
Zhuhai (Doumen) | 靚2 | |
Jiangmen (Baisha) | 靚2 | |
Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 靚2 | |
Taishan | 靚2 | |
Kaiping (Chikan) | 靚2 | |
Enping (Niujiang) | 靚2 | |
Heshan (Yayao) | 靚2 | |
Dongguan | 靚2, 好樣 | |
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 靚2 | |
Yangjiang | 好看, 好樣, 靚2, 整齊 | |
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 靚2 | |
Penang (Guangfu) | 靚2 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 靚2 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 客氣, 好看, 漂亮, 齊整 |
Lichuan | 好看 | |
Pingxiang | 好看, 客氣, 漂亮, 標緻, 標 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 好看, 靚2, 靚3, 僐, 勁, 趣, 端, 標緻, 儒雅 |
Xingning | 靚2 | |
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 靚2 | |
Huiyang | 靚2 | |
Huidong (Daling) | 靚2 | |
Dongguan (Qingxi) | 靚2 | |
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 靚2 | |
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 靚2 | |
Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 靚2 | |
Wuhua (Huacheng) | 俏, 靚2 | |
Wuhua (Changbu) | 靚2 | |
Wuhua (Mianyang) | 靚3 | |
Heyuan (Bendihua) | 靚2 | |
Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 靚3 | |
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 排場 | |
Liannan | 靚2 | |
Conghua (Lütian) | 靚2 | |
Jiexi | 靚2 | |
Changting | 靚3 | |
Wuping | 靚3 | |
Wuping (Pingyu) | 靚3 | |
Liancheng | 靚3 | |
Ninghua | 靚3 | |
Yudu | 標緻, 齊整 | |
Ruijin | 靚3 | |
Shicheng | 像, 標緻, 好看 | |
Shangyou (Shexi) | 靚2, 整, 標緻 | |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 靚3 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鬧, 靚3 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 靚3 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 靚3 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 靚3 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 靚3 | |
Hong Kong | 靚2 | |
Luchuan | 靚2 | |
Senai (Huiyang) | 靚2 | |
Kuching (Hepo) | 靚3 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 好看, 標緻, 漂亮 |
Shexian | 好看, 漂亮 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 好看, 襲人, 客戲, 漂亮 |
Xinzhou | 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 爽整, 襲人, 緻氣 | |
Linhe | 美, 襲人, 好看, 漂亮 | |
Jining | 好看, 襲人 | |
Hohhot | 好看, 襲人, 俊, 漂亮 | |
Zhangjiakou | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 俊 | |
Handan | 美, 好看, 漂亮, 俊俏, 俊 | |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 好覷, 雅式, 生得好 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 俊, 生得好, 卓佳, 好看, 漂亮 |
Singapore (Fuqing) | 俊 | |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 媠, 好看 |
Xiamen (Tong'an) | 媠, 俏 | |
Quanzhou | 媠, 媠靡, 㜅, 好看 | |
Shishi | 媠 | |
Anxi | 媠 | |
Zhangzhou | 媠, 好看 | |
Zhao'an | 媠 | |
Dongshan | 媠 | |
Taipei | 媠 | |
New Taipei (Sanxia) | 媠 | |
Kaohsiung | 媠 | |
Tainan | 媠 | |
Kinmen | 媠 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 媠 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 媠 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 媠, 俏 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 媠, 好看, 㜅 | |
Longyan | 媠 | |
Chaozhou | 雅, 好睇 | |
Shantou | 雅, 媠, 好睇 | |
Shantou (Chenghai) | 雅, 媠 | |
Shantou (Chaoyang) | 雅 | |
Jieyang | 雅, 媠, 如雅 | |
Lufeng | 媠, 生好 | |
Haifeng | 媠, 生好 | |
Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 雅 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 雅 | |
Wenchang | 靚4, 好望 | |
Haikou | 靚4, 靚2, 靚仔, 雅目, 都緻 | |
Qionghai | 靚4 | |
Singapore (Hainanese) | 靚4 | |
Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 㜺, 靚2 |
Wu | Shanghai | 漂亮, 好看, 好看相, 標緻 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 標緻, 樣式, 登樣 | |
Suzhou | 好看, 標緻, 登樣, 漂亮 | |
Danyang | 好看, 漂亮, 標緻 | |
Hangzhou | 好看, 漂亮 | |
Ningbo | 好看, 漂亮, 㜅, 㜅門, 㜅頭, 出格, 架勢, 細巧, 細相, 登樣 | |
Wenzhou | 好覷, 生好, 骨切 | |
Jinhua | 好望, 俏, 漂亮 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 好看, 漂亮, 腆靦, 乖 |
Loudi | 漂亮 | |
Shuangfeng | 好看, 漂亮 |
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (雅):
- → Japanese: 雅 (ga)
- → Korean: 아(雅) (a)
- → Vietnamese: nhã (雅)
Compounds
Derived terms from 雅
|
|
|
References
- Duffus, William (1883), “beautiful”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 19
- Zhi, C. (2004). "From Exclusive Xia to Inclusive Zhu-Xia: The Conceptualisation of Chinese Identity" in Early China. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 14(3), 185–205. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188470
Japanese
Shinjitai | 雅 | |
Kyūjitai [1] | 雅󠄂 雅+ 󠄂 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ![]() |
雅󠄄 雅+ 󠄄 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
雅
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
- gracious
- elegant
- graceful
- refined
Readings
- Go-on: が (ga, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: が (ga, Jōyō)
- Kun: みやぶ (miyabu, 雅ぶ); みやびる (miyabiru, 雅びる); みやび (miyabi, 雅); みやびやか (miyabiyaka, 雅やか); つね (tsune, 雅)
- Nanori: う (u); お (o); か (ka); ただし (tadashi); のり (nori); まさ (masa); まさし (masashi); よし (yoshi)
Compounds
- 雅歌 (gaka, “elegant song”), 雅歌 (Gaka, “Song of Songs”)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
雅 |
が Grade: S |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 雅 (ngæX, “elegant”).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) が [gáꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- IPA(key): [ɡa̠]
Adjective
雅 • (ga) -na (adnominal 雅な (ga na), adverbial 雅に (ga ni))
- elegant
Inflection
Inflection of 雅
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 雅だろ | がだろ | ga daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 雅で | がで | ga de |
Terminal (終止形) | 雅だ | がだ | ga da |
Attributive (連体形) | 雅な | がな | ga na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 雅なら | がなら | ga nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 雅であれ | がであれ | ga de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 雅ではない 雅じゃない | がではない がじゃない | ga de wa nai ga ja nai |
Informal past | 雅だった | がだった | ga datta |
Informal negative past | 雅ではなかった 雅じゃなかった | がではなかった がじゃなかった | ga de wa nakatta ga ja nakatta |
Formal | 雅です | がです | ga desu |
Formal negative | 雅ではありません 雅じゃありません | がではありません がじゃありません | ga de wa arimasen ga ja arimasen |
Formal past | 雅でした | がでした | ga deshita |
Formal negative past | 雅ではありませんでした 雅じゃありませんでした | がではありませんでした がじゃありませんでした | ga de wa arimasen deshita ga ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 雅で | がで | ga de |
Conditional | 雅なら(ば) | がなら(ば) | ga nara (ba) |
Provisional | 雅だったら | がだったら | ga dattara |
Volitional | 雅だろう | がだろう | ga darō |
Adverbial | 雅に | がに | ga ni |
Degree | 雅さ | がさ | gasa |
Noun
雅 • (ga)
- elegance
Antonyms
- 俗 (zoku)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
雅 |
みやび Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 雅 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 雅, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
- “雅”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
雅 • (a) (hangeul 아, revised a, McCune–Reischauer a, Yale a)
- elegant, neat, tidy
Compounds
- 아가 (雅歌, aga, “elegant song”), 아가 (雅歌, Aga, “Song of Songs”)
Vietnamese
Han character
雅: Hán Nôm readings: nhã
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.