隣

隣

See also: 鄰

隣 U+96A3, 隣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96A3 ← 隢 [U+96A2] CJK Unified Ideographs 隤 → [U+96A4]

隣 U+F9F1, 隣 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9F1 ← 藺 [U+F9F0] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 鱗 → [U+F9F2]

Translingual

Han character

隣 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 弓中火木手 (NLFDQ), composition ⿰阝粦)

1. neighbor
2. neighboring, adjacent

References

• KangXi: page 1360, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41847
• Dae Jaweon: page 1864, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4158, character 11
• Unihan data for U+96A3
• Unihan data for U+F9F1

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins).

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 隣 – see 鄰 (“neighbor; neighborhood; to be neighboring; to be adjacent”). (This character, 隣, is a variant form of 鄰.)

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Japanese

Shinjitai	隣
Kyūjitai	隣

Kanji

隣

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 隣)

Readings

• Go-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
• Kun: となり (tonari, 隣, Jōyō); となる (tonaru, 隣る, Jōyō)
• Nanori: さと (sato); ただ (tada); ちか (chika); ちかし (chikashi); なが (naga)

Alternative forms

Kanji in this term
隣
となり Grade: S
kun’yomi

• (rare) 鄰

Etymology 1

⟨to₁nari⟩ → */tʷonari/ → /tonari/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *tonari.

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 隣る (tonaru, “to neighbour/neighbor, be adjacent to”).

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) となり [tònárí] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [to̞na̠ɾʲi]

Noun

隣(となり) • (tonari) 

1. a neighbour / neighbor

   となりのトトロ ― Tonari no Totoro ― My Neighbor Totoro

2. that which is neighbouring

   隣(となり)の席(せき)

   tonari no seki

   seat next to mine

   (literally, “neighboring seat”)

   隣(となり)に座(すわ)る

   tonari ni suwaru

   to sit next to someone

   (literally, “to sit in the neighboring spot”)

3. something continuously connected front and back over a certain time period

Usage notes

• Used with number words to express "n places away".
  • (Can we date this quote?), 三(み)秋(あき)縋(すがる) (Miaki Sugaru), “三(みっ)日(か)間(かん)の幸(こう)福(ふく) (Mikkakan no Kōfuku)”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎:

    「……危険(きけん)な仕事(しごと)なんだな」
    そう言(い)って、俺(おれ)はミヤギの二(ふた)つ隣(となり)に座(すわ)った。

    “……kiken na shigoto nan da na”
    sō itte, ore wa miyagi no futatsu tonari ni suwatta.

    "…It's a dangerous job, huh."
    Saying that, I sat two seats away from Miyagi.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 隣(となり)近所(きんじょ) (tonari kinjo)
• 隣(となり)組(ぐみ) (tonarigumi)
• 隣(となり)同士(どうし) (tonari dōshi)
• 秋(あき)の隣(となり) (aki no tonari)
• 両(りょう)隣(どなり) (ryōdonari)

Proverbs

Proverbs

• 隣(となり)の芝(しば)生(ふ)は青(あお)い (tonari no shibafu wa aoi, “the grass is always greener on the other side”)
• 隣(となり)の糂粏味噌(じんだみそ) (tonari no jinda miso, “neighbour's rice-bran miso → the grass is always greener on the other side”)
• 隣(となり)の疝気(せんき)を頭痛(ずつう)に病(や)む (tonari no senki o zutsū ni yamu, “giving headaches to your neighbour → don't meddle in other's affairs”)
• 隣(となり)の宝(たから)を数(かぞ)える (tonari no takara o kazoeru, “counting your neighbour's treasures → doing something useful for nothing”)
• 隣(となり)の花(はな)は赤(あか)い (tonari no hana wa akai, “the flowers are always redder on the other side → the grass is always greener on the other side”)
• 徳(とく)は孤(こ)ならず必(かなら)ず隣(となり)あり (toku wa ko narazu kanarazu tonari ari, “virtue is not an orphan, always having neighbours → virtue is not solitary, always having companionship”)

See also

• 側(そば) (soba)

Verb

隣(となり)する • (tonari suru) suru (stem 隣(となり)し (tonari shi), past 隣(となり)した (tonari shita))

1. to neighbour/neighbor, be adjacent to

Conjugation

Conjugation of "隣する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	隣し	となりし	tonari shi
Continuative (連用形)	隣し	となりし	tonari shi
Terminal (終止形)	隣する	となりする	tonari suru
Attributive (連体形)	隣する	となりする	tonari suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	隣すれ	となりすれ	tonari sure
Imperative (命令形)	隣せよ¹ 隣しろ²	となりせよ¹ となりしろ²	tonari seyo¹ tonari shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	隣される	となりされる	tonari sareru
Causative	隣させる 隣さす	となりさせる となりさす	tonari saseru tonari sasu
Potential	隣できる	となりできる	tonari dekiru
Volitional	隣しよう	となりしよう	tonari shiyō
Negative	隣しない	となりしない	tonari shinai
Negative continuative	隣せず	となりせず	tonari sezu
Formal	隣します	となりします	tonari shimasu
Perfective	隣した	となりした	tonari shita
Conjunctive	隣して	となりして	tonari shite
Hypothetical conditional	隣すれば	となりすれば	tonari sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Classical conjugation of "隣す" (サ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	隣せ	となりせ	tonarise
Continuative (連用形)	隣し	となりし	tonarisi
Terminal (終止形)	隣す	となりす	tonarisu
Attributive (連体形)	隣する	となりする	tonarisuru
Realis (已然形)	隣すれ	となりすれ	tonarisure
Imperative (命令形)	隣せよ	となりせよ	tonariseyo
Key constructions
Negative	隣せず	となりせず	tonarisezu
Contrasting conjunction	隣すれど	となりすれど	tonarisuredo
Causal conjunction	隣すれば	となりすれば	tonarisureba
Conditional conjunction	隣せば	となりせば	tonariseba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	隣しき	となりしき	tonarisiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	隣しけり	となりしけり	tonarisikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	隣しつ	となりしつ	tonarisitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	隣しぬ	となりしぬ	tonarisinu
Perfect-continuative tense	隣せり 隣したり	となりせり となりしたり	tonariseri tonarisitari
Volitional	隣せむ	となりせむ	tonarisemu

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
隣
りん Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 鄰 (MC liɪn).

Affix

隣(りん) • (rin) 

1. adjacent, neighbouring/neighboring

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 隣家(りんか) (rinka)
• 隣(りん)国(ごく) (ringoku)
• 隣(りん)室(しつ) (rinshitsu)
• 隣人(りんじん) (rinjin)
• 隣(りん)接(せつ) (rinsetsu)
• 隣邦(りんぽう) (rinpō)
• 近隣(きんりん) (kinrin)
• 四隣(しりん) (shirin)
• 善隣(ぜんりん) (zenrin)

Proper noun

隣(りん) • (Rin) 

1. a female given name

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

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Korean

Hanja

隣 (eum 린 (rin), South Korea 인 (in))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Miyako

Kanji

隣

• Kun: とぅなㇲ゙ (tunaz)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tunaz̩/

Noun

隣 (hiragana とぅなㇲ゙, romaji tunaz)

1. neighbor
2. neighborhood

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Okinawan

Kanji

隣

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. neighbor

Readings

• Kun: とぅない (tunai, 隣)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
隣
とぅない Grade: S
kun’yomi

Cognate with Japanese 隣 (tonari, “neighbor”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tunai]

Noun

隣 (hiragana とぅない, rōmaji tunai)

1. neighbour

References

• “とぅない【隣】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

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Old Japanese

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *tonari.

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 隣る (to₁naru, “to neighbour/neighbor, be adjacent to”), itself likely a compound of 外 (to₁, “outside, other”) +‎ に (ni, particle indicating direction or location) +‎ あり (ari, “existing”).

Noun

隣 (to₁nari) (kana となり)

1. a neighbour/neighbor
   • 720, Nihon Shoki (Emperor Bidatsu, entry 11: second year of the seventh month in autumn)

     天皇聞、即數難波罪曰：「欺誑朝庭、一也。溺殺隣使、二也。以茲大罪、不合放還。」以斷其罪。

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 9, poem 1738), text here

     ...玉桙乃道徃人者己行道者不去而不召爾門至奴指並隣之君者預己妻離而不乞爾鎰左倍奉...

     ...tamapoko₂ no₂ mi₁ti yuku pi₁to₂ pa ono₂ ga yuku mi₁ti pa yukazute yo₁banaku ni kado₁ ni itarinu sasinarabu to₁nari no₂ ki₁mi₁ pa arakazime₂ ono₂duma karete ko₂panaku ni kagi₁ sape₂ maturu...

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3472), text here

     比登豆麻等安是可曾乎伊波牟志可良婆加刀奈里乃伎奴乎可里弖伎奈波毛

     pi₁to₂duma to₂ aze ka so₂ wo ipamu sikaraba ka to₁nari no₂ ki₁nu wo karite ki₁napamo

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Descendants

• Japanese: 隣 (tonari)

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Vietnamese

Han character

隣: Nôm readings: láng[1], lăn[1], trăn[1], trằn[1]

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

1. Hồ (1976).