阿
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
阿 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓中一弓口 (NLMNR), four-corner 71220, composition ⿰阝可)
Derived characters
- 娿, 痾, 㢌, 䋪, 錒(锕)
Descendants
- ア
- 𛀄
Further reading
- KangXi: page 1348, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41599
- Dae Jaweon: page 1850, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4119, character 11
- Unihan data for U+963F
Chinese
simp. and trad. | 阿 |
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Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 阿 |
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Warring States |
Bronze inscriptions |
Characters in the same phonetic series (可) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese | |
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砢 | *ɡ·raːlʔ |
柯 | *kaːl |
菏 | *kaːl, *ɡaːl |
牁 | *kaːl |
滒 | *kaːl |
哥 | *kaːl |
歌 | *kaːl |
謌 | *kaːl |
鴚 | *kaːl |
哿 | *kaːlʔ |
舸 | *kaːlʔ |
笴 | *kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
軻 | *kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
珂 | *kʰaːl |
可 | *kʰaːlʔ |
岢 | *kʰaːlʔ |
坷 | *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
蚵 | *kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
呵 | *qʰaːl, *qʰaːls |
訶 | *qʰaːl |
抲 | *qʰaːl |
荷 | *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
何 | *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
河 | *ɡaːl |
苛 | *ɡaːl |
魺 | *ɡaːl |
袔 | *ɡaːls |
阿 | *qaːl |
妸 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
疴 | *qaːl, *kʰraːls |
鈳 | *qaːl |
娿 | *qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
痾 | *qaːl |
跒 | *kʰraːlʔ |
閜 | *qʰraːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qaːl) : semantic 阜 + phonetic 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ): Originally meaning a big mound.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔa(ŋ/k)- (“noun prefix”) (STEDT).
- “atto-”
- Borrowed from English atto-.
Pronunciation
Definitions
阿
- Prefix used in front of the surname or last character of someone’s given name to express familiarity or friendliness (traditionally used in rural or southern Chinese dialects).
- alt. forms: 亞 dated, 牙 Hong Kong Cantonese neologism
- 阿爸 ― ābà ― dad
- 阿扁 ― Ā Biǎn ― Ah Bian (Chen Shui-bian)
- 《阿Q正傳》/《阿Q正传》 ― “Āqiū Zhèngzhuàn” ― The True Story of Ah Q
- 阿珍愛上了阿強 / 在一個有星星的夜晚 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2016, 仁科, 茂涛 (lyrics and music), 《阿珍爱上了阿强》, performed by 五条人
- Ā Zhēn àishàng le Ā Qiáng / zài yīge yǒu xīngxīng de yèwǎn [Pinyin]
- A Zhen fell in love with A Qiang / One night under a starlit sky
阿珍爱上了阿强 / 在一个有星星的夜晚 [MSC, simp.]
- (Hokkien, honorific) Prefix to rank seniority for kinship terms.
- 阿兄 [Hokkien] ― a-hiaⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― eldest brother
- Alternative form of 啊 (ā, á, ǎ, à, a, “particle”).
- Short for 阿富汗 (Āfùhàn, “Afghanistan”).
- Short for 阿爾巴尼亞/阿尔巴尼亚 (Ā'ěrbāníyà, “Albania”).
- Short for 阿拉伯 (Ālābó, “Arabic”).
- atto- (SI unit prefix)
Compounds
Derived terms from 阿
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See also
SI prefix | ||
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Last | Next | |
飛 | 阿 | 介/仄 |
Descendants
- → English: Ah
Pronunciation
Definitions
阿
- big mound; mountain
- hillside
- fine silks
- (literary, of a mountain or stream) bend; corner
- waterside
- nearby; near
- to flatter; to pander to
- 阿諛奉承/阿谀奉承 ― ēyúfèngchéng ― sweet-talking
- to be unfairly partial to
- Alternative form of 屙 (ē, “to excrete”).
- a surname
Compounds
Derived terms from 阿
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Descendants
Sino-Xenic (阿):
- → Japanese: 阿 (a)
- → Korean: 아(阿) (a)
Japanese
Kanji
阿
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings
- Go-on: あ (a)
- Kan-on: あ (a)
- Kun: くま (kuma, 阿); おもねる (omoneru, 阿る)
- Nanori: お (o); くま (kuma)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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阿 |
あ Jinmeiyō |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 阿 (MC ʔɑ).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [a̠]
Noun
阿 • (a)
- The first letter of Sanskrit, अ (a).
Derived terms
- 阿字 (aji)
- 阿吽 (aun)
See also
- 吽 (un)
- 梵字 (bonji)
Affix
阿 • (a)
- to flatter; to pander to
- ridge (of roof); eaves
- A prefix expressing familiarity.
- Used as a phonetic element, especially in words from Sanskrit.
- Short for 阿弗利加 (Afurika, “Africa”).
- Short for 阿波国 (Awa no kuni, “Awa Province”).
Derived terms
to flatter; to pander to
- 阿諛 (ayu, “flattery”)
phonetic element
- 阿修羅 (ashura, “Asura”)
- 阿僧祇 (asōgi, “Asaṃkhyeya”)
- 阿毘達磨 (abidatsuma, “Abhidharma”)
- 阿弗利加 (afurika, “Africa”)
- 阿片 (ahen, “opium”)
- 阿弥陀 (amida, “Amitābha”)
- 阿蘭陀 (oranda, “Holland; The Netherlands”)
others
- 阿呆 (ahō)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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阿 |
くま Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 阿 – see the following entry. | ||
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(This term, 阿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Hanja
阿 (eumhun 언덕 아 (eondeok a))
阿 (eumhun 호칭 옥 (hoching ok))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds
- 아편 (阿片, apyeon)
References
- Naver Hanja Dictionary: 阿
Vietnamese
Han character
阿: Hán Việt readings: a, á
阿: Nôm readings: a, à
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
- Nom Foundation