阻

阻

阻 U+963B, 阻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-963B ← 阺 [U+963A] CJK Unified Ideographs 阼 → [U+963C]

Translingual

Han character

阻 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓中月一 (NLBM), four-corner 7721₀, composition ⿰⻖且)

References

• KangXi: page 1347, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41593
• Dae Jaweon: page 1849, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4121, character 1
• Unihan data for U+963B

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		阻

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 阻
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
虘	*zaːl, *zaː
蔖	*zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ
摣	*rnaː, *ʔsraː
袓	*ʔsjaː, *zaʔ
怚	*ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ
罝	*ʔsjaː
謯	*ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ
姐	*ʔsjaːʔ
抯	*ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː
飷	*ʔsjaːʔ
且	*sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa
趄	*sʰjaːs, *sʰa
笡	*sʰjaːs
查	*ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː
柤	*ʔsraː
樝	*ʔsraː
皻	*ʔsraː
渣	*ʔsraː
楂	*zraː
苴	*zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa
駔	*ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ
租	*ʔsaː
蒩	*ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa
祖	*ʔsaːʔ
組	*ʔsaːʔ
珇	*ʔsaːʔ
靻	*ʔsaːʔ
粗	*sʰaː, *zaːʔ
徂	*zaː
殂	*zaː
麆	*zaːʔ, *zras
伹	*zaːʔ, *sʰa
蛆	*ʔsa, *sʰa
沮	*ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra
咀	*ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ
疽	*sʰa
雎	*sʰa
狙	*sʰa, *sʰas
岨	*sʰa
砠	*sʰa
坥	*sʰa, *sʰas
刞	*sʰas
覰	*sʰas
覷	*sʰas
跙	*zaʔ
筯	*das
菹	*ʔsra
葅	*ʔsra
阻	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
俎	*ʔsraʔ
詛	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
鉏	*zra, *zraʔ
豠	*zra
鋤	*zra
耡	*zra, *zras
齟	*zraʔ
助	*zras

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǔ (zu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): zo²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zo²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chú
• Min Bei (KCR): cū
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zo²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǔ
    • Wade–Giles: tsu³
    • Yale: dzǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuu
    • Palladius: цзу (czu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zo²
    • Yale: jó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzo²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔː³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sᵘɔ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chú
    • Hakka Romanization System: zu`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zu³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘
    • Tâi-lô: tsóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zor
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zo²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsó
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡so⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃɨʌ^X/, /t͡ʃɨʌ^H/

Rime
Character	阻	阻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	側吕切	莊助切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃɨʌX/	/t͡ʃɨʌH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂiɔX/	/ʈ͡ʂiɔH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃiɔX/	/t͡ʃiɔH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂɨə̆X/	/ʈ͡ʂɨə̆H/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃiɔX/	/t͡ʃiɔH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃĭoX/	/t͡ʃĭoH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂi̯woX/	/ʈ͡ʂi̯woH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǔ	zhù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zo2	zo3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]raʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsraʔ/, /*ʔsras/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	阻
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrjoX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]raʔ/
English	filled with obstacles
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阻	阻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10446	10450
Phonetic component	且	且
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		詛
Old Chinese	/*ʔsraʔ/	/*ʔsras/

Definitions

阻

1. (transitive or ditransitive) to impede, to hinder, to block, to obstruct

   唔好阻住我。 [Cantonese]  ―  m⁴ hou² zo² zyu⁶ ngo⁵. [Jyutping]  ―  Don't get in my way.

2. obstacle; barrier

   險阻／险阻  ―  xiǎnzǔ  ―  geographic obstacle

Compounds

Derived terms from 阻

不阻 乖阻 修阻 全阻 匹配阻抗 受阻 (shòuzǔ) 困阻 天阻 成阻 持阻 推三阻四 推阻 (tuīzǔ) 曲阻 梗阻 (gěngzǔ) 波浪阻力 禁阻 遏阻 (èzǔ) 重阻 阪阻 防阻 阻修 阻力 (zǔlì) 阻塞 (zǔsè) 阻截 阻抗 (zǔkàng)

阻援 阻梗 阻止 (zǔzhǐ) 阻深 阻街女郎 阻遏 阻隔 (zǔgé) 阻隘 限阻 除阻 串聯電阻／串联电阻 勸阻／劝阻 (quànzǔ) 千推萬阻／千推万阻 嚇阻／吓阻 (hèzǔ) 圍阻體／围阻体 巖阻／岩阻 惡阻／恶阻 攔阻／拦阻 (lánzǔ) 暢行無阻／畅行无阻 (chàngxíngwúzǔ) 暢通無阻／畅通无阻 (chàngtōngwúzǔ) 有效電阻／有效电阻 無阻／无阻 (wúzǔ) 熱敏電阻／热敏电阻 (rèmǐn diànzǔ) 痰熱阻肺／痰热阻肺 空氣阻力／空气阻力

腸阻塞／肠阻塞 (chángzǔsè) 艱難險阻／艰难险阻 (jiānnánxiǎnzǔ) 訌阻／讧阻 諫阻／谏阻 負阻／负阻 通行無阻／通行无阻 間阻／间阻 阻撓／阻挠 (zǔnáo) 阻擊／阻击 (zǔjī) 阻擋／阻挡 (zǔdǎng) 阻擾／阻扰 (zǔrǎo) 阻攔／阻拦 (zǔlán) 阻斷／阻断 (zǔduàn) 阻滯／阻滞 (zǔzhì) 阻生齒／阻生齿 阻礙／阻碍 (zǔ'ài) 阻絕／阻绝 阻險／阻险 阻難／阻难 (zǔnàn) 險阻／险阻 (xiǎnzǔ) 險阻艱難／险阻艰难 電阻／电阻 (diànzǔ) 風阻／风阻 風雨無阻／风雨无阻

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Japanese

Kanji

阻

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to block, thwart
2. steep

Readings

• Go-on: しょ (sho)
• Kan-on: そ (so, Jōyō)
• Kun: はばむ (habamu, 阻む, Jōyō); けわしい (kewashii, 阻しい); へだてる (hedateru, 阻てる)

Compounds

• 阻碍(そがい) (sogai)
• 阻止(そし) (soshi)
• 阻喪(そそう) (sosō)
• 険阻(けんそ) (kenso)

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Korean

Hanja

阻 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

阻: Hán Nôm readings: trở

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.