阸

阸

阸 U+9638, 阸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9638 ← 阷 [U+9637] CJK Unified Ideographs 阹 → [U+9639]

Translingual

Han character

阸 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓中竹尸弓 (NLHSN) or 弓中戈尸弓 (NLISN), composition ⿰阝戹)

1. distress
2. difficulty

References

• KangXi: page 1347, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41590
• Dae Jaweon: page 1849, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4124, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9638

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		阸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (戹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
呃	*qreːɡs, *qreːɡ
阸	*qreːɡs, *qreːɡ
厄	*qreːɡ
蚅	*qreːɡ
扼	*qreːɡ
軛	*qreːɡ
戹	*qreːɡ
豟	*qreːɡ
呝	*qreːɡ
軶	*qreːɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): è (e⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): aai³, aak¹, ak¹, ngaai³, ngaak¹, ngak¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: è
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: è
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴
    • Yale: è
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
    • Palladius: э (e)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: aai³, aak¹, ak¹, ngaai³, ngaak¹, ngak¹
    • Yale: aai, āak, āk, ngaai, ngāak, ngāk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: aai³, aak⁷, ak⁷, ngaai³, ngaak⁷, ngak⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: ai³, ag¹, eg¹, ngai³, ngag¹, ngeg¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /aːi̯³³/, /aːk̚⁵/, /ɐk̚⁵/, /ŋaːi̯³³/, /ŋaːk̚⁵/, /ŋɐk̚⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

---

• Middle Chinese: /ʔˠɛ^H/, /ʔˠɛk̚/

Rime
Character	阸	阸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)	耕 (119)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	烏懈切	於革切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠɛH/	/ʔˠɛk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚæH/	/ʔᵚæk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔæiH/	/ʔɐk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔaɨjH/	/ʔəɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/ʔɛH/	/ʔɛk̚/
Wang Li	/aiH/	/æk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔaiH/	/ʔæk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yà	e
Expected Cantonese Reflex	aai3	ak1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤ<r>[i]k-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qreːɡs/, /*qreːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	阸
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ài
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔɛH ›
Old Chinese	/*qˁ<r>[i]k-s/
English	a narrow pass
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阸	阸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	2706	2713
Phonetic component	戹	戹
Rime group	賜	錫
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	隘	戹
Old Chinese	/*qreːɡs/	/*qreːɡ/

Definitions

阸

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Japanese

Kanji

阸

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• Go-on: あ (a); やく (yaku)
• Kan-on: あい (ai); あく (aku)
• Kun: ふさがる (fusagaru, 阸がる); かぎる (kagiru, 阸る); せまる (semaru, 阸る); あやうい (ayaui, 阸い)^{←あやふい (ayafui, historical)}; くるしみ (kurushimi, 阸しみ); なやみ (nayami, 阸み); けわしい (kewashii, 阸しい)^{←けはしい (kefasii, historical)}; せまい (semai, 阸い)