鏡

See also: 镜

鏡	U+93E1, 鏡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-93E1

← 鏠
[U+93E0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鏢 →
[U+93E2]

Translingual

Han character

鏡 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+11, 19 strokes, cangjie input 金卜廿山 (CYTU), four-corner 8011₆, composition ⿰釒竟)

References

KangXi: page 1320, character 10

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40812

Dae Jaweon: page 1820, character 5

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4250, character 10

Unihan data for U+93E1

Chinese

trad.		鏡
simp.		镜
2nd round simp.		𰽟

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鏡
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (竟) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
滰	*ɡaŋʔ
境	*kraŋʔ
竟	*kraŋs
鏡	*kraŋs
獍	*kraŋs
樈	*ɡraŋ
璄	*qraŋʔ
摬	*qraŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraŋs) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 竟 (OC *kraŋs).

Etymology

Probably cognate with 景 (OC *kraŋʔ, “bright”), 影 (OC *qraŋʔ, “shadow”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Gong (2019) identifies the unknown preinitial *C in the reconstruction by Baxter and Sagart (2014) with *s based on evidence from Old Vietnamese, and further posits that it is an instrumental noun derived by prefixation of *s- to the verb 映 (OC *qraŋs, “to reflect”), which is itself a denominal derived from 影 (OC *qraŋʔ, “shadow; image”).

Alternatively, it may be derived from 亮 (OC *raŋs, “to shine”) with the nominalising *k- prefix (Schuessler, 2007; apud Baxter, p.c.).

STEDT compares 鏡, 景 and 亮, among others, to Proto-Kuki-Chin *klaaŋ-I, *klaan-II (“to shine; light; bright”).

This word is relatively late and is perhaps re-etymologized from the nearly identical earlier word 監 (OC *kraːms), 鑑 (OC *kraːms, “mirror”) (Schuessler, 2007), which Wang (1982) treats as cognate. Gong (2019) considers 鏡 to be an unrelated neologism replacing 鑑.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jìng (jing⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˋ
(Chengdu, SP): jin⁴
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җин (žin, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): geng³
(Taishan, Wiktionary): giang¹, giang^1*
Gan (Wiktionary): jiang⁴ / jin⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kiang
(Meixian, Guangdong): giang⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): jing³
Min Bei (KCR): gia̿ng
Min Dong (BUC): giáng / géng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kiàⁿ / kèng / kǐn
(Teochew, Peng'im): gian³
Wu (Wiktionary): jin (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): jin⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jìng
  - Wade–Giles: ching⁴
  - Yale: jìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinq
  - Palladius: цзин (czin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jin⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gin
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җин (žin, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: geng³
  - Yale: geng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: geng³
  - Guangdong Romanization: géng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛːŋ³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: giang¹, giang^1*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiaŋ³³/, /kiaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

Note: giang1* - standalone noun or head of a compound.

Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: jiang⁴ / jin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiaŋ³⁵/, /t͡ɕin³⁵/

Note:

jiang4 - vernacular;
jin4 - literary.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiang
  - Hakka Romanization System: giang
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giang⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯aŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: giang⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ciaŋ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jing³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕĩŋ⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gia̿ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiaŋ³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: giáng / géng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiɑŋ²¹³/, /kɛiŋ²¹³/

Note:

giáng - vernacular;
géng - literary.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Zhangpu, Changtai, Longyan, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiàⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kiànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kviax
  - IPA (Nan'an): /kiã³¹/
  - IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei): /kiã¹¹/
  - IPA (Longyan): /kiã²¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Hui'an, Yongchun, Changtai, Kaohsiung): /kiã²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kiã⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Yongchun, Zhangpu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèng
  - Tâi-lô: kìng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kexng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yongchun): /kiɪŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /kɛŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Hui'an): /keŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǐn
  - Tâi-lô: kǐn
  - IPA (Longyan): /kin⁵³/

Note:

kiàⁿ - vernacular;
kèng/kǐn - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gian³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiàⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kĩã²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jin (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕɪɲ³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: jin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kˠiæŋ^H/

Rime
Character	鏡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居慶切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kiaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kiajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/kiɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/kĭɐŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯ɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ging³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qraŋʔ-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*kraŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鏡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jìng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjæng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*C.qraŋʔ-s/
English	mirror
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鏡
Reading #	1/1
No.	6870
Phonetic component	竟
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	敬
Old Chinese	/*kraŋs/

Definitions

鏡

(now in compounds or dialectal) mirror; reflecting glass (Classifier: 塊／块 c)
鏡子／镜子 ― jìngzi ― mirror
銅鏡／铜镜 ― tóngjìng ― bronze mirror
穿衣鏡／穿衣镜 ― chuānyījìng ― dressing mirror
(physics, in compounds) lens; -scope
稜鏡／棱镜 ― léngjìng ― prism
凸透鏡／凸透镜 ― tūtòujìng ― convex lens
(in compounds) spectacles; glasses
太陽鏡／太阳镜 ― tàiyángjìng ― sunglasses
護目鏡／护目镜 ― hùmùjìng ― goggles
^† to mirror; to reflect
^† to perceive; to observe clearly
^† to use for reference; to draw lessons from
^† clear
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鏡子 (“mirror”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		鏡, 鑒
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鏡子
Mandarin	Beijing	鏡子
	Taiwan	鏡子
	Harbin	鏡子
	Yantai (Muping)	鏡子
	Jinan	鏡子
	Luoyang	鏡子
	Wanrong	鏡子
	Xi'an	鏡兒
	Yinchuan	鏡子
	Lanzhou	鏡子
	Xining	鏡兒
	Ürümqi	鏡子
	Wuhan	鏡子
	Chengdu	鏡子
	Guiyang	鏡子
	Lancang	鏡子
	Guilin	鏡子
	Pingle	鏡子
	Liuzhou	鏡子
	Luzhai	鏡子
	Nanning (Wuming)	鏡子
	Binyang (Nanjie)	鏡子, 紅毛鏡
	Yizhou	鏡子, 穿衣鏡
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	鏡子
	Tianlin (Langping)	鏡子
	Yangzhou	鏡子
	Nanjing	鏡子
	Hefei	鏡子
	Singapore	鏡子
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	鏡子
	Dagudi (Maliba)	鏡蓋
	Reshuitang (Longling)	鏡蓋, 鏡子
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	鏡子
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	鏡子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鏡
	Hong Kong	鏡
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	鏡
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	鏡
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	鏡
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	鏡
	Macau	鏡
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	鏡
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	鏡
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	鏡
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	鏡
	Foshan	鏡
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	鏡
	Foshan (Shunde)	鏡
	Foshan (Sanshui)	鏡
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	鏡
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	鏡
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	鏡
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	鏡
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	鏡
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	鏡
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	鏡
	Taishan	鏡
	Kaiping (Chikan)	鏡
	Enping (Niujiang)	鏡
	Heshan (Yayao)	鏡
	Dongguan	鏡
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	鏡
	Yangjiang	鏡
	Wuzhou	鏡
	Rongxian	鏡
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	鏡
	Hepu (Shatian)	鏡
	Beiliu	鏡
	Baise	鏡
	Bobai	鏡
	Qinzhou	鏡
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	鏡
	Beihai	鏡
	Beihai (Nankang)	鏡
	Beihai (Yingpan)	鏡兒
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	鏡
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	鏡
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	鏡
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	鏡
	Singapore (Guangfu)	鏡
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	鏡
	Móng Cái	鏡
	Bangkok (Guangfu)	鏡
	Betong (Rongxian)	鏡
Gan	Nanchang	鏡子
	Lichuan	鏡
	Pingxiang	鏡子
Hakka	Meixian	鏡仔
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	鏡
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	鏡仔
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	鏡仔
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	鏡
	Conghua (Lütian)	鏡
	Jiexi	鏡
	Yudu	鏡子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鏡仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鏡仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鏡仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鏡
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鏡仔
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鏡
	Hong Kong	鏡
	Senai (Huiyang)	鏡
	Bangkok (Meixian)	鏡仔
Huizhou	Jixi	鏡
Jin	Taiyuan	鏡兒, 鏡子
Jin	Xinzhou	鏡兒
Min Bei	Jian'ou	鏡
Min Dong	Fuzhou	鏡
Min Dong	Matsu	鏡
Min Nan	Xiamen	鏡
	Quanzhou	鏡
	Zhangzhou	鏡
	Taipei	鏡
	Penang (Hokkien)	鏡
	Singapore (Hokkien)	鏡
	Manila (Hokkien)	鏡
	Medan (Hokkien)	鏡
	Chaozhou	鏡
	Shantou	鏡
	Jieyang	鏡
	Bangkok (Teochew)	鏡, กระจก
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	鏡
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	鏡, กระจก
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	鏡
	Singapore (Teochew)	鏡
	Pontianak (Teochew)	鏡
	Leizhou	鏡
	Haikou	鏡
Puxian Min	Putian	鏡
	Putian (Donghai)	鏡
	Putian (Jiangkou)	鏡
	Putian (Nanri)	鏡
	Xianyou	鏡
	Xianyou (Fengting)	鏡
	Xianyou (Youyang)	鏡
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	鏡
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	鏡
Wu	Shanghai	鏡子
	Shanghai (Chongming)	鏡子
	Suzhou	鏡子
	Danyang	鏡子
	Hangzhou	鏡子
	Ningbo	鏡子
	Wenzhou	鏡, 玻璃鏡
	Jinhua	鏡
Xiang	Changsha	鏡子
	Xiangxiang	鏡子
	Loudi	鏡子
	Shuangfeng	鏡子

Dialectal synonyms of 眼鏡 (“eyeglasses”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		靉靆, 眼鏡
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		眼鏡
Mandarin	Beijing	眼鏡兒, 眼鏡子
	Taiwan	眼鏡
	Tianjin	眼鏡兒
	Harbin	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Yantai (Muping)	眼鏡
	Jinan	眼鏡子, 鏡子
	Luoyang	眼鏡兒, 二餅兒 derogatory
	Wanrong	眼鏡, 鏡子 dated, 二柄子 derogatory
	Zhengzhou	眼鏡
	Xi'an	眼鏡
	Yinchuan	眼鏡
	Lanzhou	眼鏡子, 鏡子, 二軲轆 humorous
	Xining	眼鏡兒, 眼鏡兒子
	Ürümqi	眼鏡子, 鏡子
	Wuhan	眼鏡, 鏡子 dated, 玻璃 humorous
	Huanggang	眼鏡兒
	Chengdu	眼鏡兒, 眼鏡
	Guiyang	眼鏡
	Guilin	眼鏡
	Liuzhou	眼鏡
	Xuzhou	二餅 humorous
	Yangzhou	眼鏡子
	Nanjing	眼鏡, 二餅 humorous
	Malaysia	眼鏡
	Singapore	眼鏡
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	眼鏡子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	眼鏡, 眼枷
	Hong Kong	眼鏡
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	眼鏡
	Macau	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	眼鏡
	Foshan	眼鏡
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	眼鏡
	Foshan (Shunde)	眼鏡
	Foshan (Sanshui)	眼鏡
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	眼鏡
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	眼鏡
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	眼鏡
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	眼鏡
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	眼鏡
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	眼鏡
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	眼鏡
	Taishan	眼鏡
	Kaiping (Chikan)	眼鏡
	Enping (Niujiang)	眼鏡
	Heshan (Yayao)	眼鏡
	Dongguan	眼鏡, 二文錢 dated
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	眼鏡
	Shaoguan	眼鏡
	Yunfu	眼鏡
	Xinyi	眼鏡
	Lianjiang	眼鏡
	Nanning	眼鏡
	Wuzhou	眼鏡
	Yulin	眼鏡
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	眼鏡
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	眼鏡
	Singapore (Guangfu)	眼鏡
Gan	Nanchang	眼鏡子
	Lichuan	眼鏡
	Pingxiang	眼鏡
Hakka	Meixian	目鏡, 眼鏡
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	眼鏡
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	眼鏡
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	眼鏡
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	眼鏡
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	眼鏡
	Wuhua (Changbu)	眼鏡
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	眼鏡
	Conghua (Lütian)	眼鏡
	Jiexi	目鏡
	Luhe	目鏡
	Yudu	眼鏡
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	目鏡, 眼枷仔 dated, 眼枷 dated
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	目鏡, 眼鏡, 眼枷仔, 眼枷
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	目鏡
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	目鏡
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	目鏡
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	目鏡
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	眼鏡
	Sabah (Longchuan)	眼鏡
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	目鏡
	Singkawang	目鏡
Huizhou	Jixi	眼鏡
Jin	Taiyuan	眼鏡
	Xinzhou	眼鏡, 二餅子 derogatory
	Hohhot	眼鏡兒
Min Bei	Jian'ou	眼鏡
	Songxi	眼鏡
	Jianyang	眼鏡
Min Dong	Fuzhou	眼鏡
	Fuqing	眼鏡
	Gutian	眼鏡
	Ningde	眼鏡
	Zhouning	眼鏡
	Fuding	眼鏡
	Matsu	眼鏡
Min Nan	Xiamen	目鏡
	Quanzhou	目鏡
	Jinjiang	目鏡
	Zhangzhou	目鏡
	Kaohsiung	目鏡
	Yilan	目鏡
	Changhua (Lukang)	目鏡
	Taichung	目鏡
	Taichung (Wuqi)	目鏡
	Tainan	目鏡
	Taitung	目鏡
	Hsinchu	目鏡
	Penghu (Magong)	目鏡
	Penang (Hokkien)	目鏡
	Singapore (Hokkien)	目鏡
	Manila (Hokkien)	目鏡
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	眼鏡
	Chaozhou	目鏡
	Shantou	目鏡
	Shantou (Chenghai)	目鏡
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	目鏡
	Jieyang	目鏡
	Haifeng	目鏡
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	目鏡
	Singapore (Teochew)	目鏡
	Leizhou	目鏡
	Wenchang	目鏡
	Haikou	目鏡
Puxian Min	Putian	目鏡
	Putian (Donghai)	目鏡
	Putian (Jiangkou)	目鏡
	Putian (Nanri)	目鏡
	Xianyou	目鏡
	Xianyou (Fengting)	目鏡
	Xianyou (Youyang)	目鏡
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	眼鏡
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	眼鏡, 眼枷
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	眼鏡子
Wu	Shanghai	眼鏡, 托力克
	Shanghai (Chongming)	眼鏡
	Suzhou	眼鏡
	Danyang	眼鏡子
	Hangzhou	眼鏡兒
	Ningbo	蔡眼
	Wenzhou	眼鏡, 眼視鏡
	Jinhua	眼鏡
Xiang	Changsha	眼鏡
	Loudi	眼鏡
	Quanzhou	眼鏡

Compounds

Derived terms from 鏡

三稜鏡／三棱镜 (sānléngjìng)
上鏡頭／上镜头 (shàng jìngtóu)
人鏡／人镜
借鏡／借镜 (jièjìng)
偏光鏡／偏光镜
偏極光鏡／偏极光镜
內視鏡／内视镜 (nèishìjìng)
八卦鏡／八卦镜
冰鏡／冰镜
凸透鏡／凸透镜 (tūtòujìng)
凸面鏡／凸面镜 (tūmiànjìng)
凹透鏡／凹透镜 (āotòujìng)
凹面鏡／凹面镜 (āomiànjìng)
出鏡頭／出镜头
分光鏡／分光镜
分色鏡／分色镜
分釵破鏡／分钗破镜
分鏡頭／分镜头
千里鏡／千里镜 (qiānlǐjìng)
反光鏡／反光镜 (fǎnguāngjìng)
反射鏡／反射镜 (fǎnshèjìng)
合鏡／合镜
哈哈鏡／哈哈镜 (hāhājìng)
喉鏡／喉镜 (hóujìng)
回光鏡／回光镜
墨鏡／墨镜 (mòjìng)
太陽眼鏡／太阳眼镜 (tàiyáng yǎnjìng)
妖鏡／妖镜
山雞舞鏡／山鸡舞镜 (shānjīwǔjìng)
平面鏡／平面镜 (píngmiànjìng)
廣角鏡／广角镜
廣角鏡頭／广角镜头
後視鏡／后视镜 (hòushìjìng)
心鏡／心镜
把兒鏡子／把儿镜子
拉鏡頭／拉镜头
掛鏡兒／挂镜儿
接物鏡／接物镜
接目鏡／接目镜
搖鏡頭／摇镜头
搶鏡頭／抢镜头 (qiǎng jìngtóu)
攬鏡／揽镜
放大鏡／放大镜 (fàngdàjìng)
明鏡／明镜 (míngjìng)
明鏡不疲／明镜不疲
明鏡高懸／明镜高悬 (míngjìnggāoxuán)
昏鏡重明／昏镜重明
昏鏡重磨／昏镜重磨
會聚透鏡／会聚透镜
有色眼鏡／有色眼镜 (yǒusè yǎnjìng)
望遠鏡／望远镜 (wàngyuǎnjìng)
望遠鏡頭／望远镜头 (wàngyuǎn jìngtóu)
柔光鏡／柔光镜
業鏡／业镜
樂昌破鏡／乐昌破镜
標準鏡頭／标准镜头
水月鏡像／水月镜像

水月鏡花／水月镜花
水鏡／水镜
海鏡／海镜
淬鏡／淬镜
潛望鏡／潜望镜 (qiánwàngjìng)
濾光鏡／滤光镜
濾色鏡／滤色镜
火鏡／火镜
無形眼鏡／无形眼镜
無形鏡／无形镜
照妖鏡／照妖镜 (zhàoyāojìng)
照後鏡／照后镜
照膽鏡／照胆镜
照鏡子／照镜子
燧火鏡／燧火镜
物鏡／物镜
特寫鏡頭／特写镜头
特技鏡頭／特技镜头
玉鏡臺／玉镜台
瑤臺鏡／瑶台镜
瑩鏡／莹镜
璣鏡／玑镜 (jījìng)
目光如鏡／目光如镜
目鏡／目镜 (mùjìng)
盲者得鏡／盲者得镜
眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng)
眼鏡猴／眼镜猴 (yǎnjìnghóu)
眼鏡蛇／眼镜蛇 (yǎnjìngshé)
破鏡／破镜 (pòjìng)
破鏡之憂／破镜之忧
破鏡分釵／破镜分钗
破鏡分離／破镜分离
破鏡重合／破镜重合
破鏡重圓／破镜重圆 (pòjìngchóngyuán)
磨磚成鏡／磨砖成镜
秦庭朗鏡／秦庭朗镜
秦鏡／秦镜
秦鏡高懸／秦镜高悬
稜鏡／棱镜 (léngjìng)
空鏡頭／空镜头
穿衣鏡／穿衣镜 (chuānyījìng)
網站鏡照／网站镜照
纖維鏡／纤维镜
老花眼鏡／老花眼镜 (lǎohuā yǎnjìng)
考鏡／考镜
耳鏡／耳镜
聚光鏡／聚光镜
胃鏡／胃镜 (wèijìng)
胃鏡檢查／胃镜检查
膀胱鏡／膀胱镜 (pángguāngjìng)
舌面如鏡／舌面如镜
花鏡／花镜 (huājìng)
茶鏡／茶镜 (chájìng)
菱花鏡／菱花镜
著衣鏡／著衣镜
藻鏡／藻镜

虛堂懸鏡／虚堂悬镜
蛙鏡／蛙镜
西洋鏡／西洋镜 (xīyángjìng)
規鏡／规镜
觀劇鏡／观剧镜 (guānjùjìng)
試鏡／试镜 (shìjìng)
護心鏡／护心镜 (hùxīnjìng)
變焦鏡頭／变焦镜头
變色眼鏡／变色眼镜 (biànsè yǎnjìng)
變色鏡／变色镜 (biànsèjìng)
跌破眼鏡／跌破眼镜
近攝鏡頭／近摄镜头
透光鏡／透光镜
透鏡／透镜 (tòujìng)
金鏡／金镜
銅鏡／铜镜 (tóngjìng)
鏡中花／镜中花
鏡像／镜像 (jìngxiàng)
鏡匣／镜匣
鏡子／镜子 (jìngzi)
鏡戒／镜戒
鏡支兒／镜支儿
鏡框／镜框 (jìngkuàng)
鏡泊湖／镜泊湖 (Jìngpō Hú)
鏡湖／镜湖 (Jìnghú)
鏡片／镜片 (jìngpiàn)
鏡破釵分／镜破钗分
鏡筒／镜筒
鏡箱／镜箱
鏡考／镜考
鏡聽／镜听
鏡臺／镜台
鏡花／镜花
鏡花水月／镜花水月 (jìnghuāshuǐyuè)
鏡花緣／镜花缘
鏡袱／镜袱
鏡裡孤鸞／镜里孤鸾
鏡貝／镜贝
鏡鐵礦／镜铁矿
鏡面呢／镜面呢
鏡頭／镜头 (jìngtóu)
鏡頭罩／镜头罩
鏡頭視角／镜头视角
鏡魚／镜鱼
鏡鯧／镜鲳
長鏡頭／长镜头
開鏡／开镜
隱形眼鏡／隐形眼镜 (yǐnxíng yǎnjìng)
靶兒鏡子／靶儿镜子
韻鏡／韵镜
顯微鏡／显微镜 (xiǎnwēijìng)
風鏡／风镜 (fēngjìng)
高抬明鏡／高抬明镜
魔鏡／魔镜 (mójìng)
魚眼鏡頭／鱼眼镜头
鸞鏡／鸾镜

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (鏡):

→ Japanese: 鏡(きょう) (kyō)
→ Korean: 경(鏡) (gyeong)
→ Vietnamese: kính (鏡)

Others:

→ Vietnamese: gương
→ Zhuang: gingq

References

“鏡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	鏡
Kyūjitai [1][2]	鏡󠄂 鏡+`󠄂`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

鏡

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)}
Kan-on: けい (kei)
Kun: かがみ (kagami, 鏡, Jōyō); かんがみる (kangamiru, 鏡みる)
Nanori: あき (aki); あきら (akira); かがみ (kagami); かね (kane); とし (toshi); み (mi)

Compounds

鏡(きょう)映(えい) (kyōei, “mirror image, mirrored projection”)
鏡(きょう)架(か) (kyōka, “mirror stand”)
鏡(きょう)花(か) (kyōka, “flower in a mirror”, metaphor for something that can be seen but not touched)
- 鏡(きょう)花(か)水(すい)月(げつ) (kyōka suigetsu)
鏡(きょう)台(だい) (kyōdai)
眼(がん)鏡(きょう) (gankyō)
神(しん)鏡(けい) (shinkei)
水(すい)鏡(きょう) (suikyō)
明(めい)鏡(けい) (meikei)
羅(ら)経(きょう) (rakyō)
眼鏡(めがね) (megane)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鏡
かがみ Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Originally a compound of 影 (kaga, ancient combining form of 影 (kage), “shadow; outline; figure; image”) +‎ 見 (mi, “seeing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 見る (miru), “to see, to look at”).[3][4]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かがみ [kàgámíꜜ] (Odaka – [3])[4]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ɡa̠mʲi]
Audio (file)

Noun

鏡(かがみ) • (kagami)

a mirror (smooth reflecting surface)
- 1999 March 6, “ミラージュ [Mirage]”, in Starter Box(スターターボックス), Konami:
  手(て)にする鏡(かがみ)から仲(なか)間(ま)を呼(よ)び出(だ)すことのできる鳥(とり)のけもの。
  Te ni suru kagami kara nakama o yobidasu koto no dekiru tori no kemono.
  An avian beast that can call upon its companions from inside the mirror in its hands.
- 1999 July 22, “アブソリューター [Absolutor]”, in Vol.4, Konami:
  相(あい)手(て)を鏡(かがみ)の中(なか)の世(せ)界(かい)に吸(す)い込(こ)むことができる。
  Aite o kagami no naka no sekai ni suikomu koto ga dekiru.
  It can suck opponents into the world inside the mirror.
Short for 鏡餅 (kagami mochi): a set of mochi rice cakes used in New Year celebrations
Short for 鏡物 (kagamimono): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
(theater) Short for 鏡板 (kagami ita): the panel at the back of a noh stage that is painted with an image of an old pine tree
the barrelhead or lid of a sake barrel
昨日(きのう)、鏡(かがみ)を抜(ぬ)いた。
Kinō, kagami o nuita.
They removed the barrelhead yesterday. → They opened the saké barrel yesterday.
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

鑑(かがみ) (kagami, “pattern, example”)
鏡(かがみ)いご (kagami igo, type of gelatin made from cooked-down seaweed used as a side dish during Obon in certain regions)
鏡(か)ヶ池(みヶいけ) (Kagamigaike)
鏡(かがみ)鞍(ぐら) (kagamigura, a type of saddle)
鏡(かがみ)台(だい) (kagamidai)
鏡(かがみ)立(た)て (kagamitate)
鏡(かがみ)の家(いえ) (kagami no ie, “box or case for a mirror”)
鏡(かがみ)の奩(す) (kagami no su, “box or case for a mirror”)
鏡(かがみ)の間(ま) (kagami no ma): in noh, a room or alcove behind the curtain and affixed with a mirror for players to check their appearance; a similar space in other theaters; a room with mirrors on all four walls, such as at Versailles
鏡(かがみ)板(いた) (kagami ita): panel that forms the back wall of a noh stage and is traditionally painted with a picture of an old pine tree
鏡(かがみ)の松(まつ) (kagami no matsu): a painting of an old pine tree on the kagami ita that forms the back wall of a noh stage
鏡(かがみ)の御(み)影(えい) (kagami no miei): a depiction of a round window through which can be seen gods, spirits, or Buddhas
鏡(かがみ)開(びら)き (kagami-biraki)
鏡(かがみ)餅(もち) (kagami mochi)
鏡(かがみ)物(もの) (kagamimono)
合(あ)わせ鏡(かがみ) (awase kagami)
今(いま)鏡(かがみ) (Imakagami)
岩(イワ)鏡(カガミ) (iwakagami)
自(うぬ)惚(ぼ)れ鏡(かがみ) (unubore kagami)
衣紋(えもん)鏡(かがみ) (emon kagami)
お鏡(かがみ), 御(お)鏡(かがみ) (o-kagami)
大(おお)鏡(かがみ) (Ōkagami)
懐中(かいちゅう)鏡(かがみ) (kaichū kagami)
浄玻璃(じょうはり)の鏡(かがみ) (jōhari no kagami)
空(そら)の鏡(かがみ) (sora no kagami)
知恵(ちえ)の鏡(かがみ) (chie no kagami)
手(て)鏡(かがみ) (tekagami)
共(とも)鏡(かがみ), 友(とも)鏡(かがみ) (tomokagami)
野(の)守(もり)の鏡(かがみ) (nomori no kagami)
初(はつ)鏡(かがみ) (hatsukagami)
鬢(びん)鏡(かがみ) (binkagami)
ビードロ鏡(かがみ) (bīdoro kagami)
懐(ふところ)鏡(かがみ) (futokoro kagami)
増(ます)鏡(かがみ) (Masukagami)
真(ま)澄(すみ)の鏡(かがみ) (ma-sumi no kagami, “clear mirror”)
- ます鏡(かがみ) (masukagami)
- まそ鏡(かがみ) (masokagami)
丸(まる)鏡(かがみ), 円(まる)鏡(かがみ) (marukagami)
水(みず)鏡(かがみ) (mizukagami)
餠(もちい)鏡(かがみ) (mochii kagami)
八咫(やた)の鏡(かがみ) (Yata no Kagami)

Idioms

鏡(かがみ)は女(おんな)の魂(たましい) (kagami wa onna no tamashii, “a mirror is a woman's soul”)
鏡(か)が曇(みがくも)ると魂(たましい)が曇(くも)る (kagami ga kumoru to tamashii ga kumoru, “if the looking glass is cloudy, so too is one's soul → (particularly regarding women) one's appearance is a reflection of one's psyche, and a disordered appearance indicates a disordered mind”)
鏡(かがみ)は重(じゅう)磨(ま)によって輝(かがや)く (kagami wa jūma ni yotte kagayaku): "a mirror shines from heavy polishing" → practice makes perfect
鏡(かがみ)は容貌(かたち)を見(み)せ酒(、さけ)は心(こころ)を現(あらわ)す (kagami wa katachi o mise, sake wa kokoro o arawasu, “a mirror shows one's appearance; alcohol brings out one's true thoughts → a metaphor for how drinking can lead to freer expression of what one really thinks”)
鏡(かがみ)に掛(か)く (kagami ni kaku, “show in a mirror → extremely clear, extremely certain: as clear as day”)
鏡(かがみ)を掛(か)く (kagami o kaku, “hang a mirror → to know something in detail as if looking at it in a mirror: to know something like the back of one's hand, to know something inside and out”)
月(つき)の鏡(かがみ) (tsuki no kagami)

Proper noun

鏡(かがみ) • (Kagami)

a placename
a surname
a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鏡
きょう Grade: 4
goon

/kjau/ → /kjɔː/ → /kjoː/

From Middle Chinese 鏡 (MC kˠiæŋ^H).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ː]

Affix

鏡(きょう) • (kyō) ^{←きやう (kyau)^?}

mirror
speculum
pattern, model, example

Derived terms

鏡(きょう)鑑(かん) (kyōkan)
鏡(きょう)面(めん) (kyōmen)
凹(おう)面(めん)鏡(きょう) (ōmenkyō)
検(けん)鏡(きょう) (kenkyō)
顕(けん)微(び)鏡(きょう) (kenbikyō)
神(しん)鏡(きょう) (shinkyō)
凸(とつ)面(めん)鏡(きょう) (totsumenkyō)
破(は)鏡(きょう) (hakyō)
万(ばん)華(か)鏡(きょう) (bankakyō)
望(ぼう)遠(えん)鏡(きょう) (bōenkyō)
万(まん)華(げ)鏡(きょう) (mangekyō)
明(みょう)鏡(きょう) (myōkyō)
明(めい)鏡(きょう) (meikyō)

Proper noun

鏡(きょう) • (Kyō) ^{←きやう (kyau)^?}

a female given name
a surname

References

1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2198 (paper), page 1151 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1274 (paper), page 650 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

鏡 (eumhun 거울 경 (geoul gyeong))

Hanja form^? of 경 (“mirror, lens”).
Hanja form^? of 경 (“glass, glasses”).

Oki-No-Erabu

Kanji

鏡 (hiragana はがみ, romaji hagami)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 鏡 (kagami, “mirror”).

Noun

鏡 (hiragana はがみ, romaji hagami)

a mirror

Okinawan

Kanji

鏡

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

On: ちょー (chō)
Kun: かがん (kagan)

Compounds

眼 (がん)鏡 (ちょー) (ganchō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鏡
かがん Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Cognate with mainland Japanese 鏡 (kagami) and Kagoshima dialect 鏡 (kagan).

Pronunciation

(Shuri-Naha) かがん [kàgán] (Heiban - [0])
IPA^(key): [kaɡaɴ]

Noun

鏡 (hiragana かがん, rōmaji kagan)

a mirror

Derived terms

鏡 (かがん)囃 (ふぇー)さー (kagan fēsā)
合 (あー)し鏡 (かがん) (āshikagan)
眼 (みー)鏡 (かがん) (mīkagan)

Old Japanese

Etymology

Originally a compound of 影 (kaga, combining form of 影 (kage₂), “shadow; outline; figure; image”) +‎ 見 (mi₁, “seeing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 見る (mi₁ru), “to see, to look at”).[1][2]

Noun

鏡 (kagami₁) (kana かがみ)

a mirror
- 711–712, Kojiki (poem 90; also Man'yōshū, book 13, poem 3263)
  ...伊久比爾波加賀美袁加氣麻久比爾波麻多麻袁加氣...
  ...ikupi₁ ni pa kagami₁ wo kake₂ ma-kupi₁ ni pa ma-tama wo kake₂...
  On the sacred stake a mirror is suspended; on the splendid stake splendid jewels are suspended.[3]
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3468),[4] text here
  夜麻杼里乃乎呂能波都乎爾可賀美可家刀奈布倍美許曾奈爾与曾利鷄米
  yamado₂ri no₂ woro₂ no₂ patuwo ni kagami₁ kake₁ to₁nau be₂mi₁ ko₂so₂ na ni yo₂serike₁me₂
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Derived terms

鑑 (kagami₁, “pattern, example”)
鏡なす (kagami₁ nasu, pillow word)
大鏡 (opokagami₁)
眞澄の鏡 (ma-sumi₁ no₂ kagami₁)
- まそ鏡 (maso₁kagami₁)
眞經津の鏡 (Ma-putu no₂ Kagami₁)
八咫の鏡 (Yata no₂ Kagami₁)

Descendants

Japanese: 鏡 (kagami)

References

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Helen Craig McCullough (1985) Brocade by Night: Kokin Wakashū and the Court Style in Japanese Classical Poetry, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 80
Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man’yōshū 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2002, →ISBN.

Vietnamese

Han character

鏡: Hán Nôm readings: kính, kẻng, gương, kiếng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yonaguni

Kanji

鏡 (hiragana かか゚ん, romaji kaŋan)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 鏡 (kagami, “mirror”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kaŋaŋ̍/

Noun

鏡 (hiragana かか゚ん, romaji kaŋan)

a mirror

[1] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2198 (paper), page 1151 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

[2] 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1274 (paper), page 650 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)

[KDJ-3] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-4] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[5] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[6] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[7] Helen Craig McCullough (1985) Brocade by Night: Kokin Wakashū and the Court Style in Japanese Classical Poetry, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 80

[8] Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man’yōshū 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2002, →ISBN.