鎖
See also: 锁
| ||||||||
Translingual
Han character
鎖 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 金火月金 (CFBC), four-corner 89186, composition ⿰釒𧴪)
References
- KangXi: page 1317, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40708
- Dae Jaweon: page 1817, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4240, character 6
- Unihan data for U+9396
Chinese
| trad. | 鎖 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 锁 | |
| alternative forms | 鎻 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (瑣) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 鎖 | *soːlʔ |
| 瑣 | *soːlʔ |
| 溑 | *soːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *soːlʔ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𧴪 ().
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Definitions
鎖
- (countable) lock (something used for fastening) (Classifier: 把 m c)
- 這輛車沒有鎖。／这辆车没有锁。 ― Zhè liàng chē méiyǒu suǒ. ― This car has no lock.
- lock-shaped thing
- (computing) lock (mutex or other token restricting access to a resource)
- chain
- (transitive) to lock; to lock up
- 鎖門／锁门 ― suǒmén ― to lock the doors
- 這輛車沒有鎖。／这辆车没有锁。 ― Zhè liàng chē méiyǒu suǒ. ― This car is not locked.
- to seal; to close; to seal off
- to lockstitch
- a surname: Suo
Synonyms
- (lock):
Dialectal synonyms of 鎖 (“lock (n.)”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鎖 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 鎖 |
| Taiwan | 鎖, 鎖頭 | |
| Langfang | 鎖 | |
| Tangshan | 鎖 | |
| Cangzhou | 鎖 | |
| Baoding | 鎖 | |
| Shijiazhuang | 鎖子 | |
| Daming | 鎖 | |
| Harbin | 鎖, 鎖頭 | |
| Shenyang | 鎖頭 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 鎖 | |
| Jinan | 鎖 | |
| Luoyang | 鎖 | |
| Wanrong | 鎖子 | |
| Zhengzhou | 鎖 | |
| Xi'an | 鎖子 | |
| Yinchuan | 鎖子 | |
| Lanzhou | 鎖子 | |
| Xining | 鎖子, 鎖鎖 | |
| Ürümqi | 鎖頭, 鎖子 | |
| Wuhan | 鎖 | |
| Chengdu | 鎖 | |
| Guiyang | 鎖 | |
| Kunming | 鎖 | |
| Guilin | 鎖 | |
| Liuzhou | 鎖頭 | |
| Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 鎖 | |
| Xuzhou | 鎖 | |
| Yangzhou | 鎖 | |
| Nanjing | 鎖 | |
| Hefei | 鎖 | |
| Malaysia | 鎖頭 | |
| Singapore | 鎖頭 | |
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 鎖子 | |
| Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 鎖子 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 鎖, 錔, 鎖頭 |
| Hong Kong | 鎖, 錔, 鎖頭 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 鎖 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 鎖 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 鎖頭 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 鎖頭 | |
| Macau | 鎖 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 鎖 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 鎖 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 鎖 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 鎖 | |
| Foshan | 鎖 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 鎖 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 鎖 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 鎖 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 鎖 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 鎖 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 鎖 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 鎖 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 鎖 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 鎖 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 鎖 | |
| Taishan | 鎖 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 鎖 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 鎖 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 鎖 | |
| Dongguan | 鎖 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 鎖 | |
| Qingyuan | 鎖 | |
| Fogang | 鎖 | |
| Yingde (Hanguang) | 鎖頭 | |
| Yangshan | 鎖, 鎖頭 | |
| Lianshan (Butian) | 鎖頭 | |
| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 鎖 | |
| Shaoguan | 鎖頭, 鎖 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 鎖 | |
| Renhua | 鎖頭 | |
| Lechang | 鎖 | |
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 鎖 | |
| Sihui | 鎖 | |
| Guangning | 鎖 | |
| Deqing | 鎖 | |
| Huaiji | 鎖頭 | |
| Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 鎖 | |
| Yunfu | 鎖頭 | |
| Xinxing | 鎖 | |
| Luoding | 鎖頭 | |
| Yunan (Pingtai) | 鎖 | |
| Yangjiang | 鎖 | |
| Xinyi | 鎖 | |
| Lianjiang | 鎖 | |
| Nanning | 鎖 | |
| Wuzhou | 鎖 | |
| Yulin | 鎖 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 鎖, 鎖頭 | |
| Hepu (Shatian) | 鎖頭 | |
| Qinzhou | 鎖, 鎖頭 | |
| Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 鎖 | |
| Beihai | 鎖頭 | |
| Beihai (Nankang) | 鎖頭 | |
| Beihai (Yingpan) | 鎖頭 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 鎖 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 鎖頭 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 鎖 | |
| Danzhou | 鎖頭 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 鎖頭 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 鎖頭 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 鎖 | |
| Móng Cái | 鎖 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鎖 |
| Lichuan | 鎖 | |
| Pingxiang | 鎖 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 鎖頭 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 鎖 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 鎖 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 鎖 | |
| Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 鎖頭 | |
| Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 鎖頭 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 鎖頭 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 鎖頭 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 鎖頭 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 鎖頭 | |
| Yudu | 鎖 | |
| Shicheng | 鎖 | |
| Shangyou (Shexi) | 鎖頭 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鎖頭 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鎖頭 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 鎖頭 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 鎖頭 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 鎖頭 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 鎖頭 | |
| Hong Kong | 鎖頭 | |
| Luchuan (Daqiao) | 鎖 | |
| Sabah (Longchuan) | 鎖頭 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 鎖 | |
| Kuching (Hepo) | 鎖頭 | |
| Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 鎖頭 | |
| Singkawang | 鎖頭 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 鎖 |
| Tunxi | 鎖 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 鎖子, 鎖 |
| Xinzhou | 鎖子 | |
| Hohhot | 鎖子 | |
| Zhangjiakou | 鎖子 | |
| Handan | 鎖子 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 鎖 |
| Pucheng (Shibei) | 鎖 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 鎖, 鎖匙 |
| Fuqing | 鎖頭 | |
| Matsu | 鎖 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 鎖, 鎖頭 |
| Zhangzhou | 鎖, 鎖頭 | |
| Zhao'an | 鎖頭 | |
| Dongshan | 鎖頭 | |
| Taipei | 鎖 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 鎖頭 | |
| Kaohsiung | 鎖頭 | |
| Yilan | 鎖, 鎖頭 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 鎖頭 | |
| Taichung | 鎖頭 | |
| Tainan | 鎖, 鎖頭 | |
| Hsinchu | 鎖頭 | |
| Kinmen | 鎖 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 鎖頭 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 鎖頭 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 鎖頭 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 鎖 | |
| Zhangping (Yongfu) | 鎖 | |
| Pingnan (Shangdu) | 鎖 | |
| Chaozhou | 鎖頭 | |
| Shantou | 鎖頭, 鎖 | |
| Jieyang | 鎖頭 | |
| Haifeng | 鎖頭 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 鎖 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 鎖頭 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 鎖頭 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 鎖頭 | |
| Leizhou | 鎖 | |
| Wenchang | 鎖頭 | |
| Haikou | 鎖頭 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鎖 |
| Min Zhong | Yong'an | 鎖 |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 鎖 |
| Sanxiang | 鎖 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 鎖頭, 鎖 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 鎖 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 鎖 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 鎖 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 鎖 | |
| Suzhou | 鎖 | |
| Danyang | 鎖 | |
| Hangzhou | 鎖 | |
| Ningbo | 鎖 | |
| Wenzhou | 鎖 | |
| Jinhua | 鎖 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鎖 |
| Loudi | 鎖 | |
| Shuangfeng | 鎖 | |
| Quanzhou | 鎖 | |
- (to seal): 封閉／封闭 (fēngbì), 封鎖／封锁 (fēngsuǒ)
Antonyms
- (to seal): 開放／开放 (kāifàng)
Compounds
Derived terms from 鎖
|
|
|
Descendants
- → Zhuang: suj
- via Old Chinese:
- → Burmese: သော့ (sau.)
- → Mon: သအ်
- → Khmer: សោ (sao)
- → Shan: သေႃး (sáu)
- → Khün: ᨪᩳ
- → Lü: ᦌᦸ (soa)
- →⇒ Middle Korean: 솨줄〮 (swàcwúl)
References
- “鎖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 鎖 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] | 鎖󠄁 鎖+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |  |
| 鎖󠄃 鎖+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
鎖
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
Readings
- Go-on: さ (sa, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: さ (sa, Jōyō)
- Kan’yō-on: じょう (jō)←じやう (zyau, historical)
- Kun: くさり (kusari, 鎖, Jōyō); さす (sasu, 鎖す); つがる (tsugaru, 鎖る); とざす (tozasu, 鎖す)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鎖 |
| くさり Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of verb 鏈る (kusaru, “to be linked together, to link together”).[2][3]
Alternative forms
- 鐺, 鏈, 鉧, 鏁
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) くさり [k
ùsárí] (Heiban – [0])[4][3] - (Tokyo) くさり [k
ùsáríꜜ] (Odaka – [3])[3] - IPA(key): [kɯ̟̊ᵝsa̠ɾʲi]
Noun
鎖 • (kusari)
- a chain
- 1999 March 1, “聖なる鎖 [Holy Chain]”, in Booster 1, Konami:
- 聖なる力で、動きを封じることができると言われている鎖。
- Seinaru chikara de, ugoki o fūjiru koto ga dekiru to iwareteiru kusari.
- This chain is said to be able to seal all movements with its holy power.
- 聖なる力で、動きを封じることができると言われている鎖。
-
Derived terms
- 鎖鎌 (kusari-gama): a chain sickle
- 鎖分銅 (kusari fundō): a weighted chain
- 鎖具足 (kusari gusoku): chain armour
Related terms
- 鏈る (kusaru): to be linked together, to link together
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鎖 |
| とざし Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of verb 鎖す (tozasu, “to shut and lock a door or gate”).[2][3]
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [to̞za̠ɕi]
Noun
鎖 • (tozashi)
- the closing and locking of a door or gate
- a door or gate so closed and locked
- a bar or other device used to lock a door or gate
Related terms
- 鎖す, 閉ざす (tozasu): to close and lock a door or gate
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鎖 |
| つがり Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
Noun derived from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of verb 連る (tsugaru, “to continue, to lead onto the next, to be connected; to connect or link together”).[2][3]
Alternative forms
- 鎖り, 連, 連り, 繋り, 綴り, 縋り
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝɡa̠ɾʲi]
Noun
鎖 • (tsugari)
- a connection, linkage, or continuation
- (rare) a chain
- a string of items tied together
- the part of the opening of a drawstring bag through which the string is passed
Related terms
- 鎖る, 連る, 繋る, 綴る, 縋る (tsugaru): to continue, to lead onto the next, to be connected; to connect or link together
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鎖 |
| さ Grade: S |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 鎻 or 鎖 (MC suɑX). Compare modern Mandarin 鎖 (suǒ, “lock, padlock; shackles, chains”).
Only used in compounds in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation
- On’yomi
- IPA(key): [sa̠]
Affix
鎖 • (sa)
- a chain, linkage, or continuation
- a lock or barrier
Derived terms
Derived terms
Starting with 鎖:
- 鎖国 (sakoku): national isolationism; closed borders
Ending with 鎖:
- 連鎖 (rensa): (metaphorical) a chain, a connection, a linkage
Etymology 5
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鎖 |
| じょう Grade: S |
| on’yomi |
Alteration from sau, itself an alternate reading of sa above, possibly influenced by an early variety of Mandarin reading suǒ or Cantonese reading so².[2] The shift from sau to jau (modern jō) was probably the influence of the reading of synonymous character 錠 (jō).
/sa/ → /sau/ → /d͡ʑau/ → /d͡ʑoː/
Alternative forms
- 錠
Pronunciation
- Kan’yōyomi
- (Tokyo) じょー [jòó] (Heiban – [0])[4][3]
- (Tokyo) じょー [jóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])[3]
- IPA(key): [d͡ʑo̞ː]
Noun
鎖 • (jō) ←ぢやう (dyau)?
- (pitch 0) a metal bar used to lock shut a gate, door, chest, or other opening
- (pitch 0) a key used to lock or unlock such an opening
- (pitch 1) a pill or tablet
Usage notes
The senses have different pitch accents. A low starting pitch is used for the lock or key meanings, while a high starting pitch is used for the pill or tablet meanings.
The alternate spelling 錠 was originally an ateji, but in reference to openings, the meaning was limited to key, while the lock sense was spelled 鎖. In modern Japanese, these characters are largely interchangeable for both lock and key senses. However, the more common term for key is 鍵 (kagi).
The pill sense is more commonly spelled 錠.
Counter
鎖 • (-jō) ←ぢやう (dyau)?
- counter for pills or tablets
- この薬は一回に三鎖とのことです。
- Kono kusuri wa ikkai ni sanjō to no koto desu.
- The instructions are to take three pills of this medicine for each dose.
- この薬は一回に三鎖とのことです。
Usage notes
More commonly spelled 錠.
References
- 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2195 (paper), page 1149 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
鎖 • (swae) (hangeul 쇄)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
Han character
鎖: Hán Nôm readings: tỏa/toả, khóa/khoá, sõa/soã, tuả, xõa/xoã
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.