銀杏

銀杏

See also: 银杏

Chinese

		silver; money	apricot
trad. (銀杏)		銀	杏
simp. (银杏)		银	杏

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): yínxìng

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): yin² hen⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngan⁴ hang⁶
• Jin (Wiktionary): ing¹ xing³
• Min Nan (POJ): gîn-hēng / gûn-hēng
• Wu (Wiktionary): nyin hhan (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yínxìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yínsìng
    • Wade–Giles: yin²-hsing⁴
    • Yale: yín-syìng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ynshinq
    • Palladius: иньсин (inʹsin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /in³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: yin² hen⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: inxen
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /in²¹ xən²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngan⁴ hang⁶
    • Yale: ngàhn hahng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngan⁴ hang⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngen⁴ heng⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐn²¹ hɐŋ²²/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ing¹ xing³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ĩŋ¹¹ ɕĩŋ⁴⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gîn-hēng / gûn-hēng
    • Tâi-lô: gîn-hīng / gûn-hīng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ginheng, gunheng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡin²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/, /ɡun²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡin²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ⁴¹/, /ɡun²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡin¹³⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/, /ɡun¹³⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡin²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ³³/, /ɡun²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡin²³⁻³³ hiɪŋ³³/, /ɡun²³⁻³³ hiɪŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: nyin hhan (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲɪɲ²² ɦã⁴⁴/

Noun

銀杏

1. (～樹) ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba, tree)
2. ginkgo nut

Synonyms

• (tree): 白果 (báiguǒ), 公孫樹／公孙树 (gōngsūnshù)

Dialectal synonyms of 銀杏 (“ginkgo nut”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		白果, 銀杏
Mandarin	Beijing	白果兒, 白果
	Harbin	白果兒
	Yantai (Muping)	白果兒
	Jinan	白果
	Luoyang	銀杏, 白果
	Xi'an	銀杏
	Lanzhou	銀杏, 白果
	Xining	銀杏
	Ürümqi	白果
	Wuhan	白果
	Chengdu	白果, 銀杏
	Guiyang	白果
	Guilin	白果
	Liuzhou	白果
	Xuzhou	白果, 銀杏
	Yangzhou	白果子
	Nanjing	白果
	Nantong	白果兒
	Singapore	白果
	Pematangsiantar	白果
Cantonese	Guangzhou	白果
	Hong Kong	白果
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	白果
	Macau	白果
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	白果
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	白果
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	白果
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	白果
	Foshan	白果
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	白果
	Foshan (Shunde)	白果
	Foshan (Sanshui)	白果
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	白果
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	白果
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	白果
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	白果
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	白果
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	白果
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	白果
	Taishan	白果
	Kaiping (Chikan)	白果
	Enping (Niujiang)	白果
	Heshan (Yayao)	白果
	Dongguan	白果
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	白果
	Qingyuan	白果
	Fogang	白果
	Yingde (Hanguang)	白果
	Yangshan	白果
	Lianshan (Butian)	白果
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	白果
	Shaoguan	白果
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	白果
	Renhua	白果
	Lechang	白果
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	白果
	Sihui	白果
	Guangning	白果
	Deqing	白果
	Huaiji	白果
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	白果
	Yunfu	白果
	Xinxing	白果
	Luoding	白果
	Yunan (Pingtai)	白果
	Lianjiang	白果
	Nanning	白果
	Wuzhou	白果
	Yulin	白果
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	白果
	Singapore (Guangfu)	白果
Gan	Nanchang	白果
	Lichuan	白果
	Pingxiang	白果
Hakka	Meixian	白果
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	白果
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	白果
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	白果
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	白果
	Conghua (Lütian)	白果
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	白果
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	白果
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	白果
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	白果
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	白果
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	白果
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	白果
Huizhou	Jixi	白果
Jin	Taiyuan	銀杏, 白果
Min Dong	Fuzhou	白果
	Fuqing	白果
Min Nan	Xiamen	白果
	Zhangzhou	白果, 白果仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	白果
	Manila (Hokkien)	白果
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	白果
	Jieyang	白果
	Leizhou	白果
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	白果
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	銀杏, 白果
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	白果
Wu	Shanghai	白果
	Suzhou	白果
	Danyang	白果
	Hangzhou	白果
	Ningbo	白果, 銀杏
	Jinhua	白果
Xiang	Changsha	白果
	Quanzhou	白果

Derived terms

銀杏沱／银杏沱 (Yínxìngtuó)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (銀杏):

• → Japanese: 銀杏(ぎんなん) (ginnan)
• → Korean: 은행(銀杏) (eunhaeng)

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
銀	杏
い Grade: 3	ちょう Jinmeiyō
irregular

/it͡ɕijau/ → /it͡ɕjɔː/ → /it͡ɕoː/

Borrowing from Chinese 鴨腳 (yājiǎo, “ginkgo”) around the Muromachi period.

There is an Edo-period folk etymology that the original derivation was 一葉 (ichiyō, literally “a single leaf”), but from the historical kana usage, 一葉 would be read as いちえふ (ichi-efu) → いてふ (itefu), instead of いちやう (i-chau).

The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓).

Alternative forms

• 公孫樹, 鴨脚樹

Pronunciation

• (Irregular reading)
• (Tokyo) いちょー [ìchóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
• IPA^(key): [it͡ɕo̞ː]

Noun

銀(い)杏(ちょう) • (ichō) ^{←いちやう (ityau)?}

1. the ginkgo tree, Ginkgo biloba
2. an arrowhead in the shape of a ginkgo leaf
3. Short for 銀杏頭 (ichō-gashira): an Edo-period hairstyle, with the topknot in the shape of a ginkgo leaf, today usually associated with higher-ranked sumo wrestlers
4. a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with a motif of various styles of gingko leaves

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as イチョウ.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 銀杏(いちょう)脚(あし) (ichō-ashi)
• 銀杏(イチョウ)芋(イモ) (ichō-imo)
• 銀杏(イチョウ)浮苔(ウキゴケ) (ichō ukigoke)
• 銀杏(いちょう)会(かい) (Ichō-kai)
• 銀杏(いちょう)返(がえ)し (ichō-gaeshi)
• 銀杏(いちょう)頭(がしら) (ichō-gashira)
• 銀杏(いちょう)形(がた) (ichō-gata)
• 銀杏(イチョウ)蟹(ガニ) (ichōgani)
• 銀杏(いちょう)切(ぎ)り (ichō-giri)
• 銀杏(イチョウ)草(グサ) (ichō-gusa)
• 銀杏(いちょう)崩(くず)し (ichō-kuzushi)
• 銀杏(イチョウ)苔(ゴケ) (ichō-goke)
• 銀杏(イチョウ)草(ソウ) (ichō-sō)
• 銀杏(いちょう)羽(ば) (ichōba)
• 銀杏(いちょう)歯(ば) (ichōba)
• 銀杏(いちょう)髷(まげ) (ichō-mage)
• 銀杏(いちょう)黄葉(もみじ) (ichō momiji)
• 鯔(いな)背(せ)銀杏(いちょう) (inase ichō)
• 岩(イワ)銀杏(イチョウ) (iwa-ichō)
• 大(おお)銀杏(いちょう) (ōichō)
• 楽(がく)屋(や)銀杏(いちょう) (gakuya ichō)
• 乳(ちち)銀杏(いちょう) (chichi ichō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
銀	杏
ぎん Grade: 3	あん > なん Jinmeiyō
kan’on	tōon

Attested around the mid-12th century.

Borrowing from Middle Chinese 銀杏 (MC ŋˠiɪn ɦˠæŋ^X), utilizing the 唐音 (tō'on, “Tang sound”) of 杏 (an), as in 杏子 (anzu, “apricot”).

The an changes to nan as an instance of renjō (連声).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) ぎんな​ん [gìńnáꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
• IPA^(key): [ɡʲĩnːã̠ɴ]

Noun

銀(ぎん)杏(なん) • (ginnan) 

1. Ginkgo biloba
   1. the ginkgo tree
   2. a ginkgo nut or seed

Derived terms

• 銀杏(ギンナン)草(ソウ) (ginnansō)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
銀	杏
ぎん Grade: 3	きょう Jinmeiyō
kan’on	kan’yōon

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• IPA^(key): [ɡʲĩŋʲkʲo̞ː]

Noun

銀(ぎん)杏(きょう) • (ginkyō) 

1. Ginkgo biloba

Descendants

• → Translingual: Ginkgo
• → English: ginkgo

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN