金
See also: 全, 釒, and 숲
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Translingual
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Alternative forms
- 釒／钅 (jīn) (when used as a left Chinese radical)
Han character
金 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 金 (C), four-corner 80109, composition ⿱𫢉䒑)
- Kangxi radical #167, ⾦.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/金
- 𠊄, 凎, 唫, 𫭾, 𫰾, 𫲧, 崯, 惍, 捦, 淦, 𬯉, 𪯧, 𣔋, 𬊝, 琻, 𫆤, 𥇶, 碒, 𥟨, 䘳, 𥺻, 䋮, 𫋆, 𫍀, 趛, 𩸱, 𪑙
- 崟, 菳, 𥦨, 𫅇, 蓥, 𥯀, 𦑕, 𧟴, 㕋, 𢉅, 㾣, 䦦, 𩰔, 淾
References
- KangXi: page 1295, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40152
- Dae Jaweon: page 1795, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4167, character 1
- Unihan data for U+91D1
- Unihan data for U+F90A
Chinese
| simp. and trad. | 金 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 𠊍 𨤾 ⿳仺𭕄一 𠈘 𠉓 𠊍 𨤾 ⿳仺𭕄一 𠈘 𠉓 𨥀 𨥄 ⿱丿⿴囗⿱二水 | |
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Au | |
| Previous: 鉑／铂 (bó) (Pt) | |
| Next: 汞 (gǒng) (Hg) | |
Crystals of gold (金)
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 金 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |  |
Characters in the same phonetic series (金) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 淦 | *kɯːm, *kɯːms |
| 顉 | *ŋɯːmʔ, *ŋ̊ʰrɯm, *ŋ̊ʰɯmʔ |
| 金 | *krɯm |
| 錦 | *krɯmʔ |
| 欽 | *kʰrɯm |
| 菳 | *kʰrɯm |
| 嶔 | *kʰrɯm |
| 撳 | *kʰrɯms |
| 捦 | *ɡrɯm |
| 鵭 | *ɡrɯm |
| 唫 | *ɡrɯmʔ, *ŋɡrɯm |
| 鈙 | *ɡrɯms |
| 崟 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 趛 | *ŋɡrɯmʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯm) : semantic 王 (“upside-down axe”) + semantic 呂／吕 (“two blocks of metal”) + phonetic 亼. 亼 is the ancient form for 今 (OC *krɯm).Shuowen interprets it as an image of metal in the earth ('象金在土中形') with 亼 as phonetic.
Originally referred to copper. Later, the meaning was extended to metal as a whole, and then to gold.
Etymology
Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gǝ̆m (“metal”); compare Tedim Chin xam (“gold”) and Lepcha [script needed] (kóm, “silver, coin, money”).
“Copper” [prior to 5th BCE] > “metals in general” > “gold”.
The main senses now are “gold” and “metal”.
Pronunciation
Definitions
金
- (obsolete) copper (Cu)
- metal
- 合金 ― héjīn ― alloy
- metalware
- gold (Au)
- 金的顏色和黃銅很相似。 [MSC, trad.]
- Jīn de yánsè hé huángtóng hěn xiāngsì. [Pinyin]
- Gold is similar in color to brass.
金的颜色和黄铜很相似。 [MSC, simp.]
- golden; blond
- 金髮／金发 ― jīnfà ― blond
- 他被獎勵了一塊金錶。 [MSC, trad.]
- Tā bèi jiǎnglì le yīkuài jīn biǎo. [Pinyin]
- He received a golden watch as a prize.
他被奖励了一块金表。 [MSC, simp.]
- (by extension) money; material wealth
- 現金／现金 ― xiànjīn ― cash
- 資金／资金 ― zījīn ― funds
- 金錢／金钱 ― jīnqián ― currency
- (historical) ancient currency unit
- (historical) gong or other metalware for signalling commands in the military
- 金鼓齊鳴／金鼓齐鸣 ― jīngǔqímíng ― the gongs and drums of war sound out in unison
- respectful; precious
- 金玉良言 ― jīnyùliángyán ― precious advice
- Used in 金城 (jīnchéng, “impregnable city”).
- 金城湯池／金城汤池 ― jīnchéngtāngchí ― strongly fortified city
- Short for 金星 (Jīnxīng, “Venus”).
- one of the eight kinds of instruments (八音)
- one of the five elements of Wu Xing (五行)
- (～朝) (historical) The Jurchen Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
- (～朝, ～國) (historical) Synonym of 後金／后金 (Hòujīn), the Jurchen Later Jin state (1616–1636)
- a surname
- 金聖歎／金圣叹 ― Jīn Shèngtàn ― Jin Shengtan (Chinese literary critic)
- 金焰 ― Jīn Yàn ― Jin Yan (Chinese actor)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 金子 (“gold”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 金 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 金, 金子, 黃金 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 金子 |
| Taiwan | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Tianjin | 金子 | |
| Tangshan | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Cangzhou | 金子 | |
| Baoding | 金子 | |
| Shijiazhuang | 金子 | |
| Chifeng | 金子 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 金子 | |
| Harbin | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Shenyang | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 金子 | |
| Qingdao | 金子 | |
| Jinan | 金子 | |
| Luoyang | 金子 | |
| Wanrong | 金子 | |
| Zhengzhou | 黃金 | |
| Xi'an | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Dingbian | 金子 | |
| Yinchuan | 金子 | |
| Lanzhou | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Xining | 金子 | |
| Ürümqi | 金子 | |
| Wuhan | 金子, 金, 黃金 | |
| Chengdu | 金子 | |
| Chongqing | 金子 | |
| Guiyang | 金子 | |
| Kunming | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Guilin | 金子 | |
| Guilin (Lingui) | 金子 | |
| Liuzhou | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Liuzhou (Luorong) | 金子 | |
| Xuzhou | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Yangzhou | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Nanjing | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Hefei | 金子 | |
| Nantong | 金子 | |
| Singapore | 金, 黃金 | |
| Mae Salong (Lancang) | 金子 | |
| Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 金子 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 金 |
| Hong Kong | 金 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 金 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 金仔 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 金 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 金 | |
| Macau | 金 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 金 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 金 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 金 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 金 | |
| Foshan | 金 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 金 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 金 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 金 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 金仔 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 金 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 金 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 金 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 金 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 金 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 金 | |
| Taishan | 金 | |
| Taishan (Guanghai) | 金 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 金 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 金 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 金仔 | |
| Dongguan | 金 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 金 | |
| Yangjiang | 金 | |
| Nanning | 金 | |
| Wuzhou | 金 | |
| Yulin | 金 | |
| Hepu (Lianzhou) | 金 | |
| Guiping | 金 | |
| Guiping (Jintian) | 金 | |
| Guiping (Jiangkou) | 金 | |
| Guiping (Madong) | 金 | |
| Mengshan (Xihe) | 金 | |
| Guigang (Nanjiang) | 金 | |
| Beiliu (Tangliao) | 金 | |
| Baise | 金 | |
| Bobai | 金 | |
| Lingshan | 金 | |
| Pubei | 金 | |
| Qinzhou | 金 | |
| Qinzhou (Changtan) | 金 | |
| Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 金 | |
| Beihai | 金 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 金 | |
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 金 | |
| Ningming | 金 | |
| Hengxian | 金 | |
| Hezhou (Pumen) | 金子 | |
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 金 | |
| Chongzuo (Laituan) | 金 | |
| Fusui (Qujiu) | 金 | |
| Danzhou | 金 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 金 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 金 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 金 | |
| Móng Cái | 金 | |
| Mandalay (Taishan) | 金 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 金子 |
| Pengze | 金子 | |
| Lichuan | 金 | |
| Pingxiang | 金子, 金 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 金仔, 金 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 金 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 金 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 金 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 金 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 金 | |
| Yudu | 金 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 金仔, 黃金 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 金仔, 黃金 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 金仔, 黃金 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 金, 黃金 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 金仔, 黃金 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 金, 黃金 | |
| Hong Kong | 金 | |
| Beiliu (Tang'an) | 金 | |
| Xingye (Gaofeng) | 金 | |
| Mashan (Pianlian) | 金 | |
| Pingle (Tong'an) | 金子 | |
| Yangshuo (Jinbao) | 金 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 金 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 金子 |
| Shexian | 金子, 金 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 金子 |
| Pingyao | 金 | |
| Xinzhou | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Linhe | 金子 | |
| Jining | 金子 | |
| Liangcheng | 金子 | |
| Hohhot | 金子 | |
| Zhangjiakou | 金子 | |
| Handan | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 金 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 金 |
| Matsu | 金 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 金仔, 金 |
| Quanzhou | 金仔, 金 | |
| Zhangzhou | 金仔, 金 | |
| Taipei | 金 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 金 | |
| Kaohsiung | 金 | |
| Yilan | 金 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 金仔 | |
| Taichung | 金仔 | |
| Tainan | 金 | |
| Hsinchu | 金仔 | |
| Kinmen | 金 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 金 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 金 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 金 | |
| Pingnan (Shangdu) | 金 | |
| Chaozhou | 金 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 金 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 金 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 金 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 金 | |
| Leizhou | 黃金 | |
| Wenchang | 金 | |
| Haikou | 金 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 金 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 金 |
| Nanning (Shajing) | 金 | |
| Binyang | 金 | |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Chaoyang) | 金子 |
| Guilin (Zhuyuan) | 金子 | |
| Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) | 金 | |
| Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) | 金 | |
| Yangshuo (Jima) | 金子 | |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 金, 金子 |
| Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 金 | |
| Luxi (Liangjiatan) | 金 | |
| Chengbu (Xuntou) | 金子 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 金子 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 金子 | |
| Suzhou | 金子 | |
| Danyang | 金子, 黃金 | |
| Hangzhou | 金子 | |
| Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 金子 | |
| Ningbo | 金, 金子 | |
| Wenzhou | 金 | |
| Jinhua | 金 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 金子 |
| Loudi | 金子 | |
| Shuangfeng | 金子 | |
| Quanzhou | 金 | |
| Guanyang (Wenshi) | 金子 | |
Compounds
Derived terms from 金
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Descendants
Sino-Xenic (金):
- → Japanese: 金 (kin)
- → Korean: 금(金) (geum), 김(金) (gim)
- → Vietnamese: kim (金)
Others:
- → Bouyei: jiml (“gold”)
- → Lao: ຄຳ (kham, “gold”)
- → Thai: คำ (kam, “gold”)
- → Zhuang: gim (“gold”)
References
- “Entry #4506”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Kanji
金
(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Au | |
| Previous: 白金 (hakkin) (Pt) | |
| Next: 水銀 (suigin) (Hg) | |
金 (kane, kugane, kogane, kin): Synthetically produced crystalline gold.
 金 (kane, kana, kin): Metal in general, such as metal sheeting. |  金 (kane, kana, kin): Hot metal work from a blacksmith. |
- gold
- metal
Readings
- Go-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)←こん (kon, historical)←こむ (komu, ancient)
- Kan-on: きん (kin, Jōyō)←きん (kin, historical)←きむ (kimu, ancient)
- Kun: かな (kana, 金, Jōyō †); かね (kane, 金, Jōyō); くがね (kugane, 金); こがね (kogane, 金)
- Nanori: か (ka); かん (kan); きむ (kimu); こ (ko); この (kono)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 金 |
| かな Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Appears to be the older form of this word. In modern Japanese, only found at the start of compounds.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [ka̠na̠]
Prefix
金 • (kana-)
- metal
- money
- firmness, strength
- completely, entirely
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 金山 (kanayama): a mine (for mineral extraction)
- 金床 (kanatoko), 鉄床 (kanatoko), 鉄砧 (kanatoko): an anvil
- 金具 (kanagu): hardware, metal fittings
- 金串 (kanagushi): a metal skewer or spit
- 金轡 (kanagutsuwa): a metal bit (as for a horse's mouth); hush money, a bribe
- 金槌 (kanazuchi): a metal hammer
- 鉄棒 (kanabō): a metal rod or staff
- 金網 (kanaami): a metal mesh, net, or screen
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 金 |
| かね Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 銀 銅 鉄 |
From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[1]
Appears to be a fusion of kana + Old Japanese emphatic nominal particle い (i). Compare the development of modern kami from kamu + i at 神, te from ta + i at 手, me from ma + i at 目, kaze from kaza + i at 風.
/kana/ + /i/ → /*kanai/ → /kane/
The four kanji spellings of this term, 金 (“gold”), 銀 (“silver”), 銅 (“copper”), and 鉄 (“iron”), hint at the importance of each of these four metals in ancient Japan.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) かね [kàné] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
- IPA(key): [ka̠ne̞]
Noun
金 • (kane)
- money
- ⇒ お金 (okane)
- metal
Usage notes
The 金 spelling is the most common for this term.
Synonyms
- (money): お金 (o-kane)
- (metal): 金属 (kinzoku)
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 銅 (akagane): copper
- 鋇 (atsugane): barium
- 鉱 (aragane): ore, unrefined metal
- 鉄 (kurogane): iron
- 銀 (shirogane): silver
- 鑽 (tagane): chisel
- 鋼 (hagane), 鑌 (hagane): steel
- 水銀 (mizugane), 汞 (mizugane): mercury
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 金 |
| くがね Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
Compound of 黄 (ku, “yellow”) + 金 (kane, “metal”). The ku is a variation of regular kun'yomi of ki for the 黄 character.[4] The kane changes to gane as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Alternative forms
- 黄金
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [kɯ̟ᵝɡa̠ne̞]
Noun
金 • (kugane)
- (archaic) gold
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 金 |
| こがね Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
/kuɡane/ → /koɡane/
Alteration of kugane[4], possibly influenced by metaphor from 小金 (kogane, “a small amount of money”), or by the kan'on reading of kō for the 黄 character.
Alternative forms
- 黄金
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) こがね [kògáné] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
- (Tokyo) こがね [kóꜜgànè] (Atamadaka – [1])[3]
- IPA(key): [ko̞ɡa̠ne̞]
Noun
金 • (kogane)
- gold
- gold or metal currency: coins, such as 大判 (ōban) or 小判 (koban)
- short for 黄金色 (kogane iro, “gold”, the color)
- short for 黄金の泥 (kogane no dei, “golden mud”, gold dust suspended in an emulsion and used for painting or other decoration)
- ⇒ 金泥 (kondei)
See also
- 小金 (kogane): a small amount of money
- 金泥 (kondei): “golden mud”, gold dust suspended in an emulsion and used for painting or other decoration
Etymology 5
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 金 |
| きん Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 金 (kim). Compare modern Mandarin 金 (jīn).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) きん [kíꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][3]
- IPA(key): [kʲĩɴ]
Noun
金 • (kin)
- gold (Au)
- money
- 金一封をもらった。
- Kin ippū o moratta.
- I received a gift of money.
- 金一封をもらった。
- metal
- (shogi) short for 金将 (kinshō): the gold general (a shogi piece)
- one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see the "Wu Xing" entry on Wikipedia
- short for 金曜日 (kin'yōbi): Friday
Usage notes
Often found in compounds.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 金魚 (kingyo): a goldfish
- 金魚草 (kingyosō): a snapdragon
- 金魚掬い (kingyosukui): goldfish scooping (a fairground game)
- 金属 (kinzoku): a metal, metallic
- 金帛 (kinpaku): gold and silk, money and cloths
- 半金属 (hankinzoku): metalloid
- 非金属 (hikinzoku): a nonmetal, nonmetallic
- 金管楽器 (kinkan gakki): a brass instrument
- 金塊 (kinkai): a gold nugget, bar, ingot, or bullion
- 金型 (kanegata): a die or mold
- 金曜日 (kin'yōbi): Friday
- 金字塔 (kinjitō): a pyramid or monument
- 金銭 (kinsen): money, cash
- 金額 (kingaku): an amount of money
- 金髪 (kinpatsu): blond hair
- 上金 (agegane): tribute paid by general commoners to daimyō in feudal Japan
- 一刻千金 (ikkoku senkin): time flies when you're having fun
- 益金 (ekikin): profit, proceeds
- 換金 (kankin): realization or conversion of goods into money, such as to cash a check
- 金融 (kin'yū): finance
- 消費者金融 (shōhisha kin'yū): consumer finance
- 現金 (genkin): cash
- 国庫金 (kokkokin): treasury funds (as of the central government)
- 合金 (gōkin): an alloy
- 砂金 (sakin): gold dust
- 資金 (shikin): capital, funds
- 資金洗浄 (shikin senjō): money laundering
- 資本金 (shihonkin): capital, capital stock
- 借入金 (shakunyūkin): borrowed money, debt payable, loan payable
- 賞金 (shōkin): prize money, a reward
- 上金 (jōkin): high-quality or high-purity gold
- 代金 (daikin): a rate, a price
- 賃金 (chingin): wages
- 年金 (nenkin): a pension, an annuity
- 白金 (hakkin): platinum
- 引当金 (hikiatekin): provision, reserves
- 預金 (yokin): a deposit (as in a bank account)
- 料金 (ryōkin): a fee
- 錬金術 (renkinjutsu): alchemy
Proper noun
金 • (Kin)
- Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Etymology 6
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 金 |
| こん Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 金 (kim).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) こん [kóꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- IPA(key): [kõ̞ɴ]
Noun
金 • (kon)
- one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see the "Wu Xing" entry on Wikipedia
References
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3560), text here
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 金 (MC kˠiɪm).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 금 (Yale: kùm) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 쇠〮 (Yale: swóy) | 금 (Yale: kùm) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kɯm]
- Phonetic hangul: [금]
Hanja
Wikisource金 (eumhun 쇠 금 (soe geum))
- Hanja form? of 금 (“gold; amount of money”). [noun]
- Hanja form? of 금 (“money”). [suffix]
- Hanja form? of 금 (“Short for 금요일(金曜日) (geumyoil, “Friday”).”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 갹금 (醵金, gyakgeum)
- 거금 (巨金, geogeum)
- 거금 (醵金, geogeum)
- 금고 (金庫, geumgo)
- 금리 (金利, geumni)
- 금박 (金箔, geumbak)
- 금발 (金髪, geumbal)
- 금성 (金星, geumseong)
- 금속 (金屬, geumsok)
- 금융 (金融, geumyung)
- 금전 (金錢, geumjeon)
- 금품 (金品, geumpum)
- 과금 (課金, gwageum)
- 기금 (基金, gigeum)
- 대금 (代金, daegeum)
- 도금 (鍍金, dogeum)
- 모금 (募金, mogeum)
- 만금 (萬金, man'geum)
- 백금 (白金, baekgeum)
- 벌금 (罰金, beolgeum)
- 상금 (賞金, sanggeum)
- 세금 (稅金, segeum)
- 송금 (送金, songgeum)
- 연금 (年金, yeon'geum)
- 예금 (預金, yegeum)
- 요금 (料金, yogeum)
- 원금 (元金, won'geum)
- 임금 (賃金, imgeum)
- 입금 (入金, ipgeum)
- 자금 (資金, jageum)
- 저금 (貯金, jeogeum)
- 판금 (板金, pan'geum)
- 합금 (合金, hapgeum)
- 헌금 (獻金, heon'geum)
- 현금 (現金, hyeon'geum)
- 황금 (黃金, hwanggeum)
- 과징금 (課徵金, gwajinggeum)
- 금강산 (金剛山, Geumgangsan)
- 금요일 (金曜日, geumyoil)
- 금자탑 (金字塔, geumjatap)
- 기부금 (寄附金, gibugeum)
- 등록금 (登錄金, deungnokgeum)
- 범칙금 (犯則金, beomchikgeum)
- 보조금 (補助金, bojogeum)
- 비자금 (祕資金, bijageum)
- 잉여금 (剩餘金, ing'yeogeum)
- 장학금 (奬學金, janghakgeum)
- 중금속 (重金屬, junggeumsok)
- 추징금 (追徵金, chujinggeum)
- 후원금 (後援金, huwon'geum)
Etymology 2
Most likely a borrowing from Early Mandarin 金 (EM *kim) during Mongol rule in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.[1]
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kim]
- Phonetic hangul: [김]
Hanja
金 (eumhun 사람의 성(姓) 김 (saram-ui seong gim))
- Hanja form? of 김 (“a surname; used in placenames”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 김제 (金堤, Gimje)
- 김천 (金泉, Gimcheon)
- 김포 (金浦, Gimpo)
- 김해 (金海, Gimhae)
References
- 권인한 (2004), “성씨 김(金)의 한자음 연원을 찾아서”, in Sae Gugeo Saenghwal, volume 14, issue 4, pages 143—155
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
金: Hán Việt readings: kim[1][2][3]
金: Nôm readings: kim[1][2][4], ghim[3][5], câm[2], găm[3], ghim[4]
- chữ Hán form of kim (“gold; metal”).
- chữ Hán form of Kim (“a surname from Chinese.”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 合金 (hợp kim)
- 金剛 (kim cương)
- 金星 (Kim tinh, “Venus”)
References
- Nguyễn (2014).
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).
- Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
- Hồ (1976).