釀

See also: 酿 and 醸

釀	U+91C0, 釀 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91C0

← 醿
[U+91BF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

釁 →
[U+91C1]

Translingual

Traditional	釀
Shinjitai	醸
Simplified	酿

Han character

釀 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+17, 24 strokes, cangjie input 一田卜口女 (MWYRV), four-corner 1063₂, composition ⿰酉襄)

References

KangXi: page 1289, character 23

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40099

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3603, character 10

Unihan data for U+91C0

Chinese

trad.		釀
simp.		酿
2nd round simp.		𰼃

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (襄) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
囊	*naːŋ
蠰	naːŋ, sraŋ, hnjaŋs, njaŋʔ
曩	*naːŋʔ
灢	naːŋʔ, naːŋs
儾	*naːŋs
孃	naŋ, njaŋ
瓤	naŋ, njaŋ
鑲	naŋ, njaŋ
釀	*naŋs
瓖	snaŋ, snaŋ
驤	*snaŋ
襄	*snaŋ
纕	*snaŋ
忀	*snaŋ
欀	snaŋ, njaŋs
饟	hnjaŋ, hnjaŋʔ, *hnjaŋs
攘	njaŋ, njaŋʔ, *njaŋs
禳	*njaŋ
穰	njaŋ, njaŋʔ
躟	njaŋ, njaŋʔ
瀼	*njaŋ
獽	*njaŋ
儴	*njaŋ
蘘	*njaŋ
鬤	njaŋ, rnaːŋ
勷	*njaŋ
壤	*njaŋʔ
嚷	*njaŋʔ
讓	*njaŋs
懹	*njaŋs
攮	*rnoːŋʔ

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niàng (niang⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngiong
(Meixian, Guangdong): ngiong⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): liōng / jiōng / liāng / lióng / jiòng / nn̄g
(Teochew, Peng'im): riang²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niàng
  - Wade–Giles: niang⁴
  - Yale: nyàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nianq
  - Palladius: нян (njan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /njɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: joeng⁶
  - Yale: yeuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joeng⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêng⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiong
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲi̯oŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngiong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲiɔŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liōng
  - Tâi-lô: liōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liong
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiōng
  - Tâi-lô: jiōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jiong
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liāng
  - Tâi-lô: liāng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liaŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lióng
  - Tâi-lô: lióng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liorng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiòng
  - Tâi-lô: jiòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jioxng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑiɔŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nn̄g
  - Tâi-lô: nn̄g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /nŋ̍²²/

Note:

Xiamen:
- liōng - literary;
- nn̄g - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: riang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jiáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡ziaŋ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: /ɳɨɐŋ^H/

Rime
Character	釀
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	女亮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/niɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/niaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/nĭaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ni̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	niàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	noeng⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*naŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	釀
Reading #	1/1
No.	13617
Phonetic component	襄
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	釀
Old Chinese	/*naŋs/

Definitions

釀

釀豆腐 (tofu stuffed with meat)

to brew; to ferment
(of bees) to make (honey)
to lead to; to result in
to stuff (a stuffing made of meat, fish, shrimp, etc.) into a vegetable, tofu, etc. and fry or steam
wine; liquor

Compounds

佳釀／佳酿
嘉釀／嘉酿
家釀／家酿
新釀／新酿
酒釀／酒酿 (jiǔniàng)

醞釀／酝酿 (yùnniàng)
釀器／酿器
釀成／酿成 (niàngchéng)
釀禍／酿祸
釀蜜／酿蜜 (niàngmì)

釀製／酿制 (niàngzhì)
釀豆腐／酿豆腐 (niàngdòufu)
釀造／酿造 (niàngzào)
釀酒／酿酒 (niàngjiǔ)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niáng (niang²)
(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄤˊ
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiòng
Min Nan (POJ): nn̂g / liông

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niáng
  - Wade–Giles: niang²
  - Yale: nyáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niang
  - Palladius: нян (njan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /njɑŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiong²
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲi̯oŋ¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nn̂g
  - Tâi-lô: nn̂g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nngg
  - IPA (Xiamen): /nŋ̍²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông
  - Tâi-lô: liông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lioong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɔŋ²⁴/

Note:

nn̂g - vernacular;
liông - literary.

Definitions

釀

Only used in 酒釀／酒酿 (jiǔniáng), alternative form of 酒娘.

Japanese

Shinjitai	醸
Kyūjitai	釀

Kanji

釀

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 醸)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: にょう (nyō)
Kan-on: じょう (jō)
Kun: かもす (kamosu, 釀す)

Korean

Hanja

釀 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang, Yale yang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

釀: Hán Nôm readings: nhưỡng, nưỡng, nẫng, nãng

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