酸

See also: 痠

酸	U+9178, 酸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9178

← 酷
[U+9177]

CJK Unified Ideographs

酹 →
[U+9179]

Translingual

Han character

酸 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一田戈金水 (MWICE), four-corner 1364₇, composition ⿰酉夋)

Derived characters

𦾹, 𩆑

References

KangXi: page 1283, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39871
Dae Jaweon: page 1783, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3585, character 3
Unihan data for U+9178

Chinese

trad.		酸
simp. ^#		酸
2nd round simp.		夋

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (允) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
唆	*sloːl
梭	*sloːl
葰	sloːlʔ, sroːlʔ, *slul
誜	*sroːls
朘	*ʔslon
捘	ʔsluːls, ʔsluːns, *sʰlun
荾	*slul
酸	*sloːn
狻	*sloːn
痠	*sloːn
鋑	*ʔslon
脧	*ʔsluːl
悛	*sʰlon
吮	zlonʔ, ɦljunʔ
萒	ɡronʔ, lonʔ
沇	*lonʔ
抁	*lonʔ
馻	lonʔ, lunʔ
兖	*lonʔ
渷	*lonʔ
兗	*lonʔ
焌	ʔsluːns, ʔsluns, *sʰlud
允	*lunʔ
狁	*lunʔ
玧	*lunʔ
俊	*ʔsluns
晙	ʔsluns, sluns
餕	*ʔsluns
畯	*ʔsluns
駿	*ʔsluns
竣	*sʰlun
皴	*sʰlun
逡	*sʰlun
踆	*sʰlun
夋	*sʰlun
埈	*sluns
陖	*sluns
鵕	*sluns
浚	*sluns
峻	*sluns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sloːn) : semantic 酉 + phonetic 夋 (OC *sʰlun).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *suːr ~ *swaːr (“sour; be acid”) (STEDT). Cognate with Mizo thûr (“acid; sour”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): suān (suan¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄢ
(Chengdu, SP): suan¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): syun¹
(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhon¹, lhon^1*
Gan (Wiktionary): son¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sôn
(Meixian, Guangdong): son¹
Jin (Wiktionary): suan¹
Min Dong (BUC): sŏng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): sng / suiⁿ / soan
(Teochew, Peng'im): seng¹
Wu (Wiktionary): soe (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): sonn¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: suān
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: suan
  - Wade–Giles: suan¹
  - Yale: swān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suan
  - Palladius: суань (suanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /swän⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: suan¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: suan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suan⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: syun¹
  - Yale: syūn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: syn¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: xun¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʃyːn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhon¹, lhon^1*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬᵘɔn³³/, /ɬᵘɔn³³⁻³³⁵/

Note: lhon1* - “vinegar”.

Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: son¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sôn
  - Hakka Romanization System: son´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: son¹
  - Sinological IPA: /son²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: son¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sɔn⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: suan¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /suæ̃¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sŏng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /souŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng
  - Tâi-lô: sng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sngf
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /sŋ̍³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Kinmen): /sŋ̍⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: suiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: suinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: svuy
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Yilan): /suĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Penang): /suĩ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soan
  - Tâi-lô: suan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: soafn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /suan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /suan³³/

Note:

sng/suiⁿ - vernacular;
soan - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: seng¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sṳng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɯŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: soe (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sø⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sonn¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sõ³³/

Middle Chinese: /suɑn/

Rime
Character	酸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	素官切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/sʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/suɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/swan/
Li Rong	/suɑn/
Wang Li	/suɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/suɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	syun¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤor/
(Zhengzhang): /*sloːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	酸
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	suān
Middle Chinese	‹ swan ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ˁor/
English	sour
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	酸
Reading #	1/1
No.	16434
Phonetic component	允
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	酸
Old Chinese	/*sloːn/

Definitions

酸

sour; tart
酸葡萄 ― suānpútáo ― sour grapes
- 甘橘，大厘城有之，其味酸。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 7, part 7
  Gānjú, Dàlí chéng yǒu zhī, qí wèi suān. [Pinyin]
  Dali City has sweet tangerines, but their flavour is sour.
(chemistry) acid [from late 19th c.]
鹽酸／盐酸 ― yánsuān ― hydrochloric acid
Antonym: 鹼／碱 (jiǎn)
(Siyi Cantonese) vinegar
sick at heart; grieved; sad
Alternative form of 痠 (suān, “aching; sore; stiff”).
stingy; miserly
narrow-minded; pedantic
spoiled; rancid
to satirize; to ridicule
(Internet slang) jealous; envious [from 2019]
See also: 吃不到的葡萄是酸的, sour grapes
See also: 醋, 吃醋
alt. forms: 🍋
a surname

Synonyms

(sour): (Yinchuan) 嘬 (chuài)

Dialectal synonyms of 醋 (“vinegar”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		醋
Mandarin	Beijing	醋, 忌諱
	Taiwan	醋
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	忌諱
	Harbin	醋, 忌諱
	Shenyang	醋, 忌諱
	Yantai (Muping)	醋, 忌諱
	Qingdao	忌諱
	Jinan	醋, 忌諱
	Luoyang	醋
	Wanrong	醋
	Zhengzhou	忌諱
	Xi'an	醋
	Yinchuan	醋
	Lanzhou	醋
	Xining	醋
	Wuhan	醋
	Chengdu	醋
	Guiyang	醋
	Kunming	醋
	Guilin	醋
	Liuzhou	醋, 酸醋
	Xuzhou	醋, 忌諱
	Yangzhou	醋
	Nanjing	醋
	Hefei	醋
	Nantong	醋
	Singapore	醋
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	醋
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	醋
Cantonese	Guangzhou	醋
	Hong Kong	醋
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	醋
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	醋
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	醋
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	醋
	Macau	醋
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	醋
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	醋
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	醋
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	醋
	Foshan	醋
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	醋
	Foshan (Shunde)	醋
	Foshan (Sanshui)	醋
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	醋
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	醋
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	醋
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	醋
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	醋
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	醋
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	醋
	Taishan	酸, 醋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	酸
	Enping (Niujiang)	酸, 醋
	Heshan (Yayao)	醋
	Dongguan	醋
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	醋
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	醋
	Qingyuan	醋
	Fogang	醋
	Yingde (Hanguang)	醋
	Yangshan	醋
	Lianshan (Butian)	醋
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	醋
	Shaoguan	醋
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	醋
	Renhua	醋
	Lechang	醋
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	醋
	Sihui	醋
	Guangning	醋
	Deqing	醋
	Huaiji	醋
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	醋
	Yunfu	醋
	Xinxing	醋
	Luoding	醋
	Yunan (Pingtai)	醋
	Yangjiang	醋
	Xinyi	酸醋
	Lianjiang	醋
	Nanning	醋, 七醋, 酸醋
	Wuzhou	醋
	Yulin	醋
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	醋
	Beihai	醋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	酸醋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	醋
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	酸醋
	Danzhou	醋
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	醋
	Singapore (Guangfu)	醋
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	醋
Móng Cái	酸醋
Yangon (Taishan)	醋
Gan	Nanchang	醋, 小酒
	Lichuan	醋, 小酒
	Pingxiang	醋, 小酒
Hakka	Meixian	醋, 酸醋, 甜酒
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	醋
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	醋
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	醋
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	醋
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	醋
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	醋
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	醋
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	醋
	Wuhua (Changbu)	醋
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	醋, 酸醋
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	醋
	Liannan	醋
	Conghua (Lütian)	酸醋
	Jiexi	醋
	Changting	醋
	Ninghua	小酒, 醋
	Yudu	醋, 小酒, 酸酒
	Shicheng	醋
	Shangyou (Shexi)	小酒
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	酸醋, 醋
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	酸醋, 醋
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	酸醋
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	酸醋, 醋
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	酸醋, 醋
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	酸醋, 醋
	Hong Kong	醋
	Luchuan	醋
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	醋
	Sabah (Longchuan)	酸醋
	Senai (Huiyang)	醋
	Singkawang	甜酒
Huizhou	Jixi	醋
	Shexian	醋
	Tunxi	醋
	Xiuning	醋
	Yixian	醋
	Qimen	醋
	Wuyuan	醋
Jin	Taiyuan	醋
	Pingyao	醋
	Xinzhou	醋
	Hohhot	醋
Min Bei	Jian'ou	醋, 小酒
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	醋
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	醋
	Pucheng (Shibei)	醋
Min Dong	Fuzhou	醋
Min Dong	Fuqing	醋, 酸
Min Nan	Xiamen	醋
	Quanzhou	醋
	Kaohsiung	醋
	Penang (Hokkien)	醋
	Singapore (Hokkien)	醋
	Manila (Hokkien)	醋
	Zhangping	酸醋
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	醋, 酸醋
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	醋
	Chaozhou	醋
	Shantou	醋
	Haifeng	醋
	Bangkok (Teochew)	醋
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	醋
	Singapore (Teochew)	醋
	Wenchang	醋
	Haikou	醋
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	醋
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	醋
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	醋, 酸醋
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	醋
Wu	Shanghai	醋, 米醋
	Shanghai (Chongming)	酸醋
	Suzhou	醋, 酸醋
	Wuxi	醋, 酸醋
	Danyang	醋, 酸醋
	Hangzhou	醋, 米醋
	Ningbo	米醋
	Wenzhou	醋
	Jinhua	醋, 米醋
Xiang	Changsha	醋, 小酒
	Loudi	小酒
	Shuangfeng	醋, 小酒
	Quanzhou	醋

Compounds

Derived terms from 酸

一元酸 (yīyuánsuān)
丁酸 (dīngsuān)
丙酸 (bǐngsuān)
乙酸 (yǐsuān)
乙酸 (yǐsuān)
乳酸 (rǔsuān)
乳酸菌 (rǔsuānjūn)
二元酸
作酸
吃醋拈酸
吃醋撚酸
含酸
寒心酸鼻
寒酸 (hánsuān)
寒酸措大
尖酸 (jiānsuān)
尖酸刻薄 (jiānsuānkèbó)
尿酸 (niàosuān)
己二酸 (jǐ'èrsuān)
己酸 (jǐsuān)
弱酸 (ruòsuān)
心酸 (xīnsuān)
悲酸 (bēisuān)
戊酸 (wùsuān)
拈酸吃醋
捏酸
捻酸
撚酸
果酸 (guǒsuān)
核糖核酸 (hétánghésuān)
核苷酸 (hégānsuān)
核酸 (hésuān)
桂皮酸
氯酸 (lǜsuān)
油酸 (yóusuān)
溴酸 (xiùsuān)
琥珀酸 (hǔpòsuān)
甜酸苦辣 (tiánsuānkǔlà)
甲酸 (jiǎsuān)
矽酸 (xīsuān)
硝酸 (xiāosuān)
硫酸 (liúsuān)
硬脂酸 (yìngzhīsuān)
硼酸 (péngsuān)
硼酸水
碳酸 (tànsuān)
磷酸 (línsuān)
羧酸 (suōsuān)
肌酸 (jīsuān)
胃酸 (wèisuān)
胺基酸 (ànjīsuān)
脂肪酸 (zhīfángsuān)
腿酸

茄酸
草酸 (cǎosuān)
辛酸 (xīnsuān)
透骨酸心
酒石酸 (jiǔshísuān)
酪酸 (làosuān)
酮酸 (tóngsuān)
酸丁
酸不唧
酸不拉唧
酸中毒 (suānzhòngdú)
酸乳
酸凝酪 (suānnínglào)
酸味 (suānwèi)
酸嘶
酸奶 (suānnǎi)
酸子 (suānzǐ)
酸寒
酸心 (suānxīn)
酸性 (suānxìng)
酸文假醋
酸根
酸梅 (suānméi)
酸楚 (suānchǔ)
酸模 (suānmó)
酸溜溜 (suānliūliū)
酸牛奶 (suānniúnǎi)
酸甜苦辣 (suāntiánkǔlà)
酸疼 (suānténg)
酸痛 (suāntòng)
酸腐
酸苦
酸菜 (suāncài)
酸藤
酸辛
酸辣
酸酐 (suāngān)
酸酪乳
酸雨 (suānyǔ)
酸麻
酸鼻
醋酸 (cùsuān)
鞣酸 (róusuān)
鼻子一酸
鼻酸 (bísuān)
亞硝酸／亚硝酸 (yàxiāosuān)
亞硝酸鹽／亚硝酸盐 (yàxiāosuānyán)
亞硫酸／亚硫酸 (yàliúsuān)
單寧酸／单宁酸 (dānníngsuān)
嘗酸／尝酸
強酸／强酸 (qiángsuān)
有機酸／有机酸
枸櫞酸／枸橼酸 (jǔyuánsuān)

棕櫚酸／棕榈酸 (zōnglǘsuān)
檸檬酸／柠檬酸 (níngméngsuān)
氫氰酸／氢氰酸 (qīngqíngsuān)
水楊酸／水杨酸 (shuǐyángsuān)
發酵乳酸／发酵乳酸
發酸／发酸
矽酸鹽／矽酸盐
硫酸菸鹼／硫酸烟碱
硫酸鈣／硫酸钙 (liúsuāngài)
硫酸鉀／硫酸钾 (liúsuānjiǎ)
硫酸銀／硫酸银 (liúsuānyín)
硫酸鐵／硫酸铁 (liúsuāntiě)
硫酸鹽／硫酸盐 (liúsuānyán)
碳酸氣／碳酸气 (tànsuānqì)
碳酸氫鹽／碳酸氢盐 (tànsuān qīng yán)
碳酸鈣／碳酸钙 (tànsuāngài)
磷酸礦／磷酸矿
磷酸鈣／磷酸钙 (línsuāngài)
窮酸／穷酸 (qióngsuān)
窮酸餓醋／穷酸饿醋
細酸／细酸
臉酸／脸酸
菸鹼酸／烟碱酸
葉酸／叶酸 (yèsuān)
蘋果酸／苹果酸 (píngguǒsuān)
蟻酸／蚁酸 (yǐsuān)
軟脂酸／软脂酸 (ruǎnzhīsuān)
過錳酸鉀／过锰酸钾 (guòměngsuānjiǎ)
酸不溜丟／酸不溜丢 (suānbuliūdiū)
酸味兒／酸味儿
酸巴溜丟／酸巴溜丢
酸式鹽／酸式盐 (suānshìyán)
酸愴／酸怆
酸懶／酸懒
酸懷／酸怀
酸敗／酸败
酸梅湯／酸梅汤 (suānméitāng)
酸棗／酸枣 (suānzǎo)
酸棗子／酸枣子
酸漿／酸浆 (suānjiāng)
酸甜兒／酸甜儿
酸礦／酸矿
酸軟／酸软 (suānruǎn)
酸辣湯／酸辣汤 (suānlàtāng)
酸餡／酸馅
酸馬奶／酸马奶
酸鹼值／酸碱值
酸鹼度／酸碱度
鉻酸鉀／铬酸钾 (gèsuānjiǎ)
雙氯芬酸／双氯芬酸 (shuānglǜfēnsuān)
鬧酸款／闹酸款
鹽酸／盐酸 (yánsuān)
鹽酸草／盐酸草

Japanese

Kanji

酸

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

sour
(chemistry) acid

Readings

Go-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
Kan-on: さん (san, Jōyō)
Kun: すい (sui, 酸い, Jōyō)

Compounds

アミノ酸(さん) (aminosan, “amino acid”)
アルギン酸(さん) (aruginsan, “alginic acid”)
安(あん)息(そく)香(こう)酸(さん) (ansokukōsan, “benzoic acid”)
胃(い)酸(さん) (isan, “gastric acid”)
塩(えん)酸(さん) (ensan, “hydrochloric acid”)
オクタデカン酸(さん) (okutadekan-san, “octadecanoic acid”)
オレイン酸(さん) (orein-san, “oleic acid”)
核(かく)酸(さん) (kakusan, “nucleic acid”)
カルボン酸(さん) (karubon-san, “carboxylic acid”)
蟻(ぎ)酸(さん) (gisan, “formic acid”)
枸(く)櫞(えん)酸(さん) (kuensan, “citric acid”)
グルタミン酸(さん) (gurutaminsan, “glutamic acid”)
珪(けい)酸(さん) (keisan, “silicic acid”)
麹(こうじ)酸(さん) (kōjisan, “kojic acid”)
琥(こ)珀(はく)酸(さん) (kohakusan, “succinic acid”)
酢(さく)酸(さん) (sakusan, “acetic acid”)
酸(さん)化(か) (sanka, “oxidation”)
酸(さん)性(せい) (sansei, “acidity”)
酸(さん)素(そ) (sanso, “oxygen”)
酸(さん)鼻(び) (sanbi, “appalling, horrible”)
酸(さん)味(み) (sanmi, “sourness”)
脂(し)肪(ぼう)酸(さん) (shibōsan, “fatty acid”)
酒(しゅ)石(せき)酸(さん) (shusekisan, “tartaric acid”)
硝(しょう)酸(さん) (shōsan, “nitric acid”)
焦(しょう)性(せい)葡(ぶ)萄(どう)酸(さん) (shōseibudōsan, “pyruvic acid”)
ステアリン酸(さん) (sutearin-san, “stearic acid”)
青(せい)酸(さん) (seisan, “hydrocyanic acid”)
石(せき)炭(たん)酸(さん) (sekitansan, “phenol (caustic compound derived from benzene)”)
炭(たん)酸(さん) (tansan, “carbonic acid”)
胆(たん)汁(じゅう)酸(さん) (tanjūsan, “bile acid”)
乳(にゅう)酸(さん) (nyūsan, “lactic acid”)
尿(にょう)酸(さん) (nyōsan, “uric acid”)
馬(ば)尿(にょう)酸(さん) (banyōsan, “hippuric acid”)
パルミチン酸(さん) (parumichin-san, “palmitic acid”)
砒(ひ)酸(さん) (hisan, “arsenic acid”)
硼(ほう)酸(さん) (hōsan, “boric acid”)
油(ゆ)酸(さん) (yusan, “oleic acid”)
葉(よう)酸(さん) (yōsan, “folic acid”)
沃(よう)素(そ)酸(さん) (yōsosan, “iodic acid”)
酪(らく)酸(さん) (rakusan, “butyric acid”)
硫(りゅう)酸(さん) (ryūsan, “sulphuric acid”)
林(りん)檎(ご)酸(さん) (ringosan, “malic acid”)
燐(りん)酸(さん) (rinsan, “phosphoric acid”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
酸
さん Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 酸.

Pronunciation

On’yomi

(Tokyo) さん [sáꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [sã̠ɴ]

Noun

酸(さん) • (san)

sourness (quality or condition)
(chemistry) acid

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
酸
す Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Noun

酸(す) • (su)

Alternative spelling of 酢 (“vinegar”)

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

酸 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

酸: Hán Nôm readings: toan[1]

(chemistry, biochemistry) acid

Derived terms

染酸 (nhiễm toan)
渃強酸 (nước cường toan)
胃酸 (vị toan)
辛酸 (tân toan)
酸轉化 (toan chuyển hóa/toan chuyển hoá)

References

Trần (1999).

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[Trần_(1999)-3] Trần (1999).