酵
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Translingual
Han character
酵 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一田十大木 (MWJKD), four-corner 14647, composition ⿰酉孝)
References
- KangXi: page 1283, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39868
- Dae Jaweon: page 1783, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3582, character 8
- Unihan data for U+9175
Chinese
trad. | 酵 | |
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simp. # | 酵 |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (孝) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese | |
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酵 | *kruːs |
窙 | *qʰruː |
哮 | *qʰruː, *qʰruːs |
庨 | *qʰruː |
涍 | *qʰruː, *qʰruːs |
孝 | *qʰruːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kruːs) : semantic 酉 + phonetic 孝 (OC *qʰruːs) – fermenting in a vessel, making alcoholic drink. 孝 is composed of “young + old”, hence connotations of “aging (in a vase), fermentation”.
Etymology
In some lects, the pronunciation of 酵 (jiào) is the same as that of 孝 (xiào). This is the result of dubanbian (讀半邊/读半边 (dúbànbiān)).
Pronunciation
Definitions
酵
- yeast
- to yeast
- (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) dough with yeast
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
酵
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
- Go-on: きょう (kyō)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
- Kun: もと (moto, 酵)
Compounds
- 酵素 (kōso)
- 酵母 (kōbo)
- 発酵 (hakkō)
- 醗酵 (hakkō)
Korean
Etymology
From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 교 (gyo) based on Middle Chinese 酵 (MC kˠauH).
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ço(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [효(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Wikisource酵 (eumhun 삭힐 효 (sakhil hyo))
- Hanja form? of 효 (“yeast”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 발효 (醱酵, balhyo)
- 효모 (酵母, hyomo)
- 효소 (酵素, hyoso)
- 효소학 (酵素學, hyosohak)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
酵: Hán Nôm readings: diếu, giếu, dáo, giáo
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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