酪

酪	U+916A, 酪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-916A

← 酩
[U+9169]

CJK Unified Ideographs

酫 →
[U+916B]

酪	U+F919, 酪 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F919

← 落
[U+F918]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

駱 →
[U+F91A]

Translingual

Han character

酪 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一田竹水口 (MWHER), four-corner 1766₄, composition ⿰酉各)

References

KangXi: page 1282, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39847
Dae Jaweon: page 1782, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3581, character 12
Unihan data for U+916A
Unihan data for U+F919

Chinese

trad.		酪
simp. ^#		酪

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 酪
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
髂	*kʰraːɡs
路	*ɡ·raːɡs
輅	*ɡ·raːɡs
賂	*ɡ·raːɡs
虂	*ɡ·raːɡs
露	*ɡ·raːɡs
潞	*raːɡs
鷺	*raːɡs
璐	*raːɡs
簬	*raːɡs
簵	*ɡ·raːɡs
洛	*ɡ·raːɡ
駱	*ɡ·raːɡ
絡	*ɡ·raːɡ
酪	*ɡ·raːɡ
烙	*ɡ·raːɡ
雒	*ɡ·raːɡ
珞	*ɡ·raːɡ
硌	*ɡ·raːɡ
袼	ɡ·raːɡ, klaːɡ
笿	*ɡ·raːɡ
鉻	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
鮥	*ɡ·raːɡ
鵅	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
挌	ɡ·raːɡ, kraːɡ
落	*ɡ·raːɡ
各	*klaːɡ
胳	*klaːɡ
閣	*klaːɡ
格	klaːɡ, kraːɡ
擱	*klaːɡ
恪	*kʰlaːɡ
愙	*kʰaːɡ
貉	ɡlaːɡ, mɡraːɡ
狢	*ɡlaːɡ
佫	*ɡlaːɡ
略	*ɡ·raɡ
茖	*kraːɡ
骼	*kraːɡ
觡	*kraːɡ
蛒	*kraːɡ
敋	*kraːɡ
客	*kʰraːɡ
喀	*kʰraːɡ
揢	*kʰraːɡ
額	*ŋɡraːɡ
峉	*ŋɡraːɡ
頟	*ŋɡraːɡ
詻	*ŋɡraːɡ
垎	*ɡraːɡ
楁	*ɡraːɡ

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly from a Central Asian language; compare Mongolian айраг (ajrag, “fermented milk of mares”), Uzbek pishloq (“cheese”) and Turkish ayran (“yoghurt mixed with water”). The phonetic similarity between Chinese 酪 (OC *ɡ·raːɡ, “milk”), Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”) and Latin lac (“milk”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵlákts (“milk”) is worth noting (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lào, luò
(Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˋ, ㄌㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lok³, lou⁶, lok⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lok
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): lo̍k
(Teochew, Peng'im): log⁸
Wu (Wiktionary): loq (T5)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lào
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lào
  - Wade–Giles: lao⁴
  - Yale: làu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: law
  - Palladius: лао (lao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luò
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luò
  - Wade–Giles: lo⁴
  - Yale: lwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoh
  - Palladius: ло (lo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lwɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: lok³, lou⁶, lok⁶
  - Yale: lok, louh, lohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lok⁸, lou⁶, lok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: log³, lou⁶, log⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːk̚³/, /lou̯²²/, /lɔːk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lok
  - Hakka Romanization System: log`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: log⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /lok̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: lo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: log⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lo̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lok̚⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: loq (T5)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lʊʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: /lɑk̚/

Rime
Character	酪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	唐 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	酪
Reading #	1/1
No.	3869
Phonetic component	各
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	落
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·raːɡ/

Definitions

酪

curdled milk, cream, cheese
fruit juice
koumiss

Compounds

乳酪 (rǔlào)
奶酪 (nǎilào)
牛酪 (niúlào)
酥酪
酪乳 (làorǔ)
酪奴

酪梨 (làolí)
酪素
酪蛋白 (làodànbái)
酪酥
酪酸 (làosuān)
酸凝酪 (suānnínglào)

酸酪乳
乾酪／干酪 (gānlào)
優酪乳／优酪乳 (yōulàorǔ)
酪漿／酪浆 (làojiāng)
酪農／酪农 (làonóng)
酪農業／酪农业

Japanese

Kanji

酪

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: らく (raku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: らく (raku, Jōyō)
Kun: ちちざけ (chichizake)

Compounds

乾酪(かんらく) (kanraku): cheese
牛酪(ぎゅうらく) (gyūraku): butter
酪農(らくのう) (rakunō): dairy farm
酪酸(らくさん) (rakusan): butyric acid

Korean

Hanja

酪 • (rak>nak) (hangeul 락>낙)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

酪: Hán Nôm readings: lộ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation