酉
See also: 丣 and 西
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Translingual
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Han character
酉 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一金田一 (MCWM), four-corner 10600, composition ⿴西一)
- Kangxi radical #164, ⾣.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/酉
- 𫢞, 唒, 𡜳, 𢭳, 𬌲, 逎, 𣁹, 梄, 𥙫, 𥆺, 𥟁, 綇(𦈋), 𧣮, 𨁪, 輏, 𩳜, 鯂
- 𫹉, 𡷾, 莤, 蒏, 𥭛, 𩭓, 𠩚, 庮, 㾞, 槱, 歠, 𠥤
References
- KangXi: page 1280, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39763
- Dae Jaweon: page 1778, character 36
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3572, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9149
Chinese
trad. | 酉 | |
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simp. # | 酉 | |
alternative forms | 丣 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 酉 | |||||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (酉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Old Chinese | |
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楢 | *kʰjuʔ, *lu |
逎 | *ʔslu |
遒 | *sklu, *sɡlu |
蝤 | *sklu, *sɡlu |
揂 | *sklu |
酒 | *ʔsluʔ |
媨 | *sklus |
鞧 | *skʰlu |
緧 | *skʰlu |
趥 | *skʰlu, *skʰluŋs |
酋 | *sɡlu |
崷 | *sɡlu |
鰌 | *sɡlu |
煪 | *sɡlu |
醜 | *l̥ʰjuʔ |
猶 | *klus, *lu, *lus |
猷 | *lu |
輶 | *lu, *luʔ, *lus |
偤 | *lu |
莤 | *lu, *sruɡ |
蕕 | *lu |
庮 | *lu, *luʔ |
槱 | *luʔ, *lus |
梄 | *luʔ |
丣 | *luʔ |
酉 | *luʔ |
Pictogram (象形) — an ancient vase used in making and storing fermented millet alcoholic drink. See 酒.
Etymology
- "wine; wine vessel"
- From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *jəw (“liquor”) (STEDT); cognate with 酒 (OC *ʔsluʔ, “wine”).
- "tenth earthly branch"
- Smith (2011) suggests that this branch denoted the "waxing half-moon", "construed as a vessel filling with liquid". Noting Schuessler (2007)'s observation that 酉 (yǒu)'s OC pronunciation started with *r-, Smith reconstructs *r-juʔ which would later lost its archaic pre-initial *r-, the same phonological split seen in pairs like 游 (OC) ~ 遊 (OC *ju, “to flow, to roam”) > yóu vs. 流 (OC *r-ju, “flow”) > liú. Smith further supposes that *r-juʔ, is an endoactive derivative of *r-ju "flow" by the suffix *-ʔ, meaning "the flowing stage".
- As for 酉 (yǒu)'s association with the chicken, Norman (1985) proposes that Chinese and Thai forms derived from Viet-Muong *rə̆k ~ *ruk, truncated from Proto-Vietic *r-kaː (“chicken”), yet Ferlus (2013) thinks this correspondence unlikely. Possibly, 酉 (yǒu) was arbitrarily associated with the chicken, just like 辰 (chén) with the dragon.
- “unitary”
- From English unitary.
Pronunciation
Definitions
酉
- an alcoholic drink vessel
- tenth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
- rooster (鷄) of Chinese zodiac
- the period from 17:00 to 19:00
- (mathematics) unitary
Coordinate terms
- (earthly branches) 地支; 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥
Usage notes
Although it remains associated with alcoholic drink, the character alone is mostly used as the tenth earthly branch in the Chinese cyclical calendar.
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
酉
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
- "sake" radical (さけづぐり)
- "bird of the zodiac" radical (ひよみのとり, とりへん)
- rooster (tenth sign of the Chinese zodiac)
Readings
- Go-on: ゆ (yu)
- Kan-on: ゆう (yū)←いう (iu, historical)
- Kun: とり (tori, 酉)
- Nanori: なが (naga); みのる (minoru)
Compounds
- 卯酉線 (bōyūsen)
- 酉年 (toridoshi)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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酉 |
とり Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
From 鶏 (niwatori, tori, “chicken”), from 庭 (niwa, “garden”) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”).
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) とり [tòrí] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [to̞ɾʲi]
- Homophones: 鳥, 鶏
Proper noun
酉 • (Tori)
- the Rooster, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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酉 |
ゆう Jinmeiyō |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 酉 (yuwX).
Proper noun
酉 • (Yū) ←いう (iu)?
- the Rooster, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches
Korean
Hanja
酉 (eumhun 닭/열째 지지 유 (dak/yeoljjae jiji yu))
- hen,
- full
- old; ancient
- irrigate
Vietnamese
Han character
酉: Hán Nôm readings: dấu, dậu, giấu, giậu
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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