biruin
Tagalog
Etymology
From biro + -in.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: bi‧ru‧in
- IPA(key): /biˈɾuʔin/, [bɪˈɾʊʔɪn]
Verb
biruin (complete biniro, progressive binibiro, contemplative bibiruin)
- to joke; to jest; to poke fun at
- Binibiro namin si Lawrence sa kakaibang paraan niya sa pakikitungo sa kapwa.
- We tease Lawrence of his queer way of dealing with people.
- to crack a joke
Conjugation
Verb conjugation for biruin (Class I) - um/in object verb
| Root word | biro | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | ||||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | Recently Complete | ||
| Actor | -um- | bumiro | bumiro | bumibiro nabiro2 | bibiro mabiro2 | kabibiro1 kakabiro |
| Object | -in | biruin | biniro | binibiro inabiro2 | bibiruin abiruin2 | — |
| Locative | pag- -an | pagbiruan | pinagbiruan | pinapagbiruan pinagbibiruan | papagbiruan pagbibiruan | — |
| Benefactive | i- | ibiro | ibiniro | ibinibiro | ibibiro | — |
| Instrument | ipang- | ipambiro | ipinambiro | ipinapambiro | ipapambiro | — |
| Causative | ika- | ikabiro | ikinabiro | ikinabibiro1 ikinakabiro | ikabibiro1 ikakabiro | — |
| i-3 | ibiro | ibiniro | ibinibiro | ibibiro | — | |
| Measurement | i- | ibiro | ibiniro | ibinibiro | ibibiro | — |
| 1Used in formal contexts. 2Dialectal use only. 3Generally avoided unless the cause is emphasized. | ||||||
Indirect (pa-) verb forms
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | Recently Complete | ||
| Actor | magpa- | magpabiro | nagpabiro | nagpapabiro | magpapabiro | kapabibiro1 kapapabiro kapagpapabiro kakapabiro |
| Actor-secondary | pa- -in | pabiruin | pinabiro | pinabibiro pinapabiro | pabibiruin papabiruin | — |
| Object | ipa- | ipabiro | ipinabiro | ipinabibiro ipinapabiro | ipabibiro ipapabiro | — |
| Benefactive | ipagpa- | ipagpabiro | ipinagpabiro | ipinagpapabiro1 ipinapagpabiro | ipagpapabiro1 ipapagpabiro | — |
| Causative | ikapagpa- | ikapagpabiro | ikinapagpabiro | ikinapagpapabiro1 ikinakapagpabiro | ikapagpapabiro1 ikakapagpabiro | — |
| Locative | pagpa- -an | pagpabiruan | pinagpabiruan | pinagpapabibiruan1 pinapagpabiruan | pagpapabibiruan1 papagpabiruan | — |
| papag- -an | papagbiruan | pinapagbiruan | pinapapagbiruan | papapagbiruan | — | |
| 1Used in formal contexts. | ||||||
Ability/involuntary (maka-/ma-) verb forms
| Direct action verbs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | |||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Actor | maka- | makabiro | nakabiro | nakabibiro1 nakakabiro | makabibiro1 makakabiro |
| mapa-2 | mapabiro | napabiro | napabibiro1 napapabiro | mapabibiro1 mapapabiro | |
| Object | ma- | mabiro | nabiro | nabibiro | mabibiro |
| Benefactive | mai- | maibiro | naibiro | naibibiro | maibibiro |
| Causative | maika- | maikabiro | naikabiro | naikabibiro1 naikakabiro naiikabiro | naikabibiro1 naikakabiro naiikabiro |
| mai- | maibiro | naibiro | naibibiro | maibibiro | |
| Locative | mapag- -an | mapagbiroan | napagbiroan | napagbibiroan1 napapagbiroan | mapagbibiroan1 mapapagbiroan |
| Indirect action verbs | |||||
| Trigger | Affix | Aspect | |||
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Actor | makapagpa- | makapagpabiro | nakapagpabiro | nakapagpapabiro1 nakakapagpabiro | makapagpapabiro1 makakapagpabiro |
| Actor-secondary | mapa- | mapabiro | napabiro | napabibiro1 napapabiro | mapabibiro1 mapapabiro |
| Object | maipa- | maipabiro | naipabiro | naipabibiro1 naipapabiro naiipabiro | maipabibiro1 maipapabiro maiipabiro |
| Benefactive | maipagpa- | maipagpabiro | naipagpabiro | naipagpapabiro1 naipapagpabiro naiipagpabiro | maipagpapabiro1 maipapagpabiro maiipagpabiro |
| Causative | maikapagpa- | maikapagpabiro | naikapagpabiro | naikapagpapabiro1 naikakapagpabiro naiikapagpabiro | maikapagpapabiro1 maikakapagpabiro maiikapagpabiro |
| Locative | mapagpa- -an | mapagpabiruan | napagpabiruan | napagpapabibiruan1 napapagpabiruan | mapagpapabibiruan1 mapapagpabiruan |
| mapapag- -an | mapapagbiruan | napapagbiruan | napapapagbiruan | mapapapagbiruan | |
| 1Used in formal contexts. 2Only for involuntary actions, not for ability verbs. | |||||
Social (maki-) verb forms
| Form | Affix | Aspect | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
| Direct | maki- | makibiro | nakibiro | nakikibiro | makikibiro |
| Indirect | makipagpa- | makipagpabiro | nakipagpabiro | nakikipagpabiro | makikipagpabiro |
Derived terms
- biruin mo