郊外

郊外

Chinese

		suburb	outside; in addition; foreign outside; in addition; foreign; external
trad. (郊外)		郊	外
simp. #(郊外)		郊	外

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiāowài

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠ ㄨㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau¹ ngoi⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): kau-gōa

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiāowài
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠ ㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiaowài
    • Wade–Giles: chiao¹-wai⁴
    • Yale: jyāu-wài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiauway
    • Palladius: цзяовай (czjaovaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɑʊ̯⁵⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gaau¹ ngoi⁶
    • Yale: gāau ngoih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gaau¹ ngoi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gao¹ ngoi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːu̯⁵⁵ ŋɔːi̯²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau-gōa
    • Tâi-lô: kau-guā
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kau'goa
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² ɡua²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³ ɡua⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² ɡua²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡua³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡua³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠau  ŋuɑi^H/

Rime
Character	郊	外
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	泰 (26)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	古肴切	五會切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠau/	/ŋuɑiH/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚau/	/ŋʷɑiH/
Shao Rongfen	/kau/	/ŋuɑiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨw/	/ŋwajH/
Li Rong	/kau/	/ŋuɑiH/
Wang Li	/kau/	/ŋuɑiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/kau/	/ŋuɑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāo	wèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaau1	ngoi6

Noun

郊外

1. the outskirts of a city; the suburbs

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (郊外):

• → Japanese: 郊(こう)外(がい) (kōgai)
• → Korean: 교외(郊外) (gyooe)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
郊	外
こう Grade: S	がい Grade: 2
kan’on

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こ​ーがい [kóꜜògàì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɡa̠i]

Noun

郊(こう)外(がい) • (kōgai) ^{←かうぐわい (kaugwai)?}

1. suburb; outskirts

Synonyms

• 近(きん)郊(こう) (kinkō)
• 町(まち)外(はず)れ (machihazure)

References

1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
3. 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
郊	外

Noun

郊外 • (gyooe) (hangeul 교외)

1. Hanja form^? of 교외 (“suburb; outskirts”).