郊

郊	U+90CA, 郊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90CA

← 郉
[U+90C9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

郋 →
[U+90CB]

Translingual

Han character

郊 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜大弓中 (YKNL), four-corner 0742₇, composition ⿰交阝)

Derived characters

𭏇

References

KangXi: page 1271, character 11

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39392

Dae Jaweon: page 1769, character 27

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3769, character 6

Unihan data for U+90CA

Chinese

simp. and trad.		郊

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (交) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
烄	keːws, kreːwʔ
礮	*pʰreːws
交	*kreːw
郊	*kreːw
茭	kreːw, kreːwʔ, *ɡreːwʔ
蛟	*kreːw
鮫	*kreːw
鵁	*kreːw
咬	kreːw, ŋɡreːwʔ, *qreːw
鉸	kreːw, kreːwʔ, *kreːws
佼	kreːw, kreːwʔ, *ɡreːwʔ
詨	kreːw, qʰreːws, *ɡreːws
絞	*kreːwʔ
狡	*kreːwʔ
姣	kreːwʔ, ɡreːw
筊	kreːwʔ, ɡreːw
校	kreːws, ɡreːws
珓	*kreːws
跤	*kʰreːw
頝	*kʰreːw
骹	*kʰraːw
齩	*ŋɡreːwʔ
洨	*ɡreːw
胶	*ɡreːw
效	*ɡreːws
効	*ɡreːws
傚	*ɡreːws
皎	*keːwʔ
恔	*keːwʔ
晈	*keːwʔ
窔	*qeːws
駮	*pqreːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kreːw) : phonetic 交 (OC *kreːw) + semantic 阝.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāo (jiao¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kâu
(Meixian, Guangdong): gau¹
Min Dong (BUC): gău
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kau
(Teochew, Peng'im): gao¹
Wu (Wiktionary): jiau (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiao
  - Wade–Giles: chiao¹
  - Yale: jyāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiau
  - Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaau¹
  - Yale: gāau
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gao¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːu̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâu
  - Hakka Romanization System: gau´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gau¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kau̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gau¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kau⁴⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gău
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau
  - Tâi-lô: kau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kau⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gao¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kau
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: jiau (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /kˠau/

Rime
Character	郊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古肴切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/kau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨw/
Li Rong	/kau/
Wang Li	/kau/
Bernard Karlgren	/kau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaau¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤraw/
(Zhengzhang): /*kreːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	郊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiāo
Middle Chinese	‹ kæw ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁraw/
English	suburb
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	郊
Reading #	1/1
No.	6297
Phonetic component	交
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	交
Old Chinese	/*kreːw/

Definitions

郊

suburbs; outskirts; open spaces

Compounds

北郊 (Běijiāo)
南郊 (nánjiāo)
四郊
城郊 (chéngjiāo)
市郊 (shìjiāo)
荒郊 (huāngjiāo)
荒郊草野
荒郊野外
西郊
近郊 (jìnjiāo)
郊原
郊坰

郊外 (jiāowài)
郊游
郊甸
郊社
郊祀 (jiāosì)
郊祭 (jiāojì)
郊禋
郊迎
郊野 (jiāoyě)
四郊多壘／四郊多垒
島瘦郊寒／岛瘦郊寒
戎馬生郊／戎马生郊

東郊／东郊 (dōngjiāo)
荒郊曠野／荒郊旷野
近郊農業／近郊农业
遠郊／远郊
郊區／郊区 (jiāoqū)
郊壇／郊坛
郊壇下窯／郊坛下窑
郊寒島瘦／郊寒岛瘦
郊廟／郊庙
郊廟歌辭／郊庙歌辞
郊遊／郊游 (jiāoyóu)
郊野公園／郊野公园 (jiāoyěgōngyuán)

Japanese

Kanji

郊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: きょう (kyō)
Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
Kun: まつる (matsuru); いなか (inaka)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 郊 (MC kˠau). Recorded as Middle Korean 교 (kyo) (Yale: kyo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource郊 (eumhun 들 교 (deul gyo))

Hanja form^? of 교 (“outskirts”).

Compounds

교외 (郊外, gyooe)
근교 (近郊, geun'gyo)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

郊: Hán Nôm readings: giao

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.