違える
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
違 |
ちが Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ちがえる [chìgáérú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA(key): [t͡ɕiɡa̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
Verb
違える (transitive, ichidan conjugation, hiragana ちがえる, rōmaji chigaeru, historical hiragana ちがへる)
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 違える |
mediopassive | 違う |
- to change, to make different
- to err in, to make a mistake in
- to break (a promise), to fail to keep
- to dislocate (one's muscle or joint)
- to cross, to intersect
Conjugation
Conjugation of "違える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 違え | ちがえ | chigae | |
Continuative (連用形) | 違え | ちがえ | chigae | |
Terminal (終止形) | 違える | ちがえる | chigaeru | |
Attributive (連体形) | 違える | ちがえる | chigaeru | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 違えれ | ちがえれ | chigaere | |
Imperative (命令形) | 違えよ¹ 違えろ² | ちがえよ¹ ちがえろ² | chigaeyo¹ chigaero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 違えられる | ちがえられる | chigaerareru | |
Causative | 違えさせる 違えさす | ちがえさせる ちがえさす | chigaesaseru chigaesasu | |
Potential | 違えられる 違えれる³ | ちがえられる ちがえれる³ | chigaerareru chigaereru³ | |
Volitional | 違えよう | ちがえよう | chigaeyō | |
Negative | 違えない 違えぬ 違えん | ちがえない ちがえぬ ちがえん | chigaenai chigaenu chigaen | |
Negative continuative | 違えず | ちがえず | chigaezu | |
Formal | 違えます | ちがえます | chigaemasu | |
Perfective | 違えた | ちがえた | chigaeta | |
Conjunctive | 違えて | ちがえて | chigaete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 違えれば | ちがえれば | chigaereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Classical conjugation of "違ふ" (ハ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 違へ | ちがへ | tigafe |
Continuative (連用形) | 違へ | ちがへ | tigafe |
Terminal (終止形) | 違ふ | ちがふ | tigafu |
Attributive (連体形) | 違ふる | ちがふる | tigafuru |
Realis (已然形) | 違ふれ | ちがふれ | tigafure |
Imperative (命令形) | 違へよ | ちがへよ | tigafeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 違へず | ちがへず | tigafezu |
Contrasting conjunction | 違ふれど | ちがふれど | tigafuredo |
Causal conjunction | 違ふれば | ちがふれば | tigafureba |
Conditional conjunction | 違へば | ちがへば | tigafeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 違へき | ちがへき | tigafeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 違へけり | ちがへけり | tigafekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 違へつ | ちがへつ | tigafetu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 違へぬ | ちがへぬ | tigafenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 違へたり | ちがへたり | tigafetari |
Related terms
- 違う (chigau)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
違 |
たが Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) たがえる [tàgáéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [ta̠ɡa̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
Verb
違える (transitive, ichidan conjugation, hiragana たがえる, rōmaji tagaeru, historical hiragana たがへる)
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 違える |
mediopassive | 違う |
- Same as 違える (senses 1–3)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "違える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 違え | たがえ | tagae | |
Continuative (連用形) | 違え | たがえ | tagae | |
Terminal (終止形) | 違える | たがえる | tagaeru | |
Attributive (連体形) | 違える | たがえる | tagaeru | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 違えれ | たがえれ | tagaere | |
Imperative (命令形) | 違えよ¹ 違えろ² | たがえよ¹ たがえろ² | tagaeyo¹ tagaero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 違えられる | たがえられる | tagaerareru | |
Causative | 違えさせる 違えさす | たがえさせる たがえさす | tagaesaseru tagaesasu | |
Potential | 違えられる 違えれる³ | たがえられる たがえれる³ | tagaerareru tagaereru³ | |
Volitional | 違えよう | たがえよう | tagaeyō | |
Negative | 違えない 違えぬ 違えん | たがえない たがえぬ たがえん | tagaenai tagaenu tagaen | |
Negative continuative | 違えず | たがえず | tagaezu | |
Formal | 違えます | たがえます | tagaemasu | |
Perfective | 違えた | たがえた | tagaeta | |
Conjunctive | 違えて | たがえて | tagaete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 違えれば | たがえれば | tagaereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Classical conjugation of "違ふ" (ハ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 違へ | たがへ | tagafe |
Continuative (連用形) | 違へ | たがへ | tagafe |
Terminal (終止形) | 違ふ | たがふ | tagafu |
Attributive (連体形) | 違ふる | たがふる | tagafuru |
Realis (已然形) | 違ふれ | たがふれ | tagafure |
Imperative (命令形) | 違へよ | たがへよ | tagafeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 違へず | たがへず | tagafezu |
Contrasting conjunction | 違ふれど | たがふれど | tagafuredo |
Causal conjunction | 違ふれば | たがふれば | tagafureba |
Conditional conjunction | 違へば | たがへば | tagafeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 違へき | たがへき | tagafeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 違へけり | たがへけり | tagafekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 違へつ | たがへつ | tagafetu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 違へぬ | たがへぬ | tagafenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 違へたり | たがへたり | tagafetari |
Related terms
- 違う (tagau)
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN