造成

造成

Chinese

		to make; to build; to invent to make; to build; to invent; to manufacture	finish; complete; accomplish finish; complete; accomplish; become; turn into; win; succeed; one tenth
simp. and trad. (造成)		造	成

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zàochéng

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˋ ㄔㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zou⁶ sing⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chho-sṳ̀n
• Min Nan (POJ): chō-sêng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: zàochéng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ ㄔㄥˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzawcherng
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
    • Jyutping: zou⁶ sing⁴
    • Yale: jouh sìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzou⁶ sing⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: zou⁶ xing⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sou̯²² sɪŋ²¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 做成 造成

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chho-sṳ̀n
    • Hakka Romanization System: co siinˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: co⁴ sin²
    • IPA: /t͡sʰo⁵⁵ sɨn¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chō-sêng
    • Tâi-lô: tsō-sîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zoixseeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡so²²⁻²¹ ɕiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡so⁴¹⁻²² ɕiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡so²²⁻²¹ ɕiɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡so³³⁻¹¹ ɕiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɤ³³⁻²¹ ɕiɪŋ²³/

Verb

造成

1. to bring about; to cause; to lead to

   造成後果 / 造成后果  ―  zàochéng hòuguǒ  ―  to have consequences

2. to make (into); to create; to produce

   • 文藝就把這種日常的現象集中起來，把其中的矛盾和鬥爭典型化，造成文學作品或藝術作品 [MSC, trad.]
     文艺就把这种日常的现象集中起来，把其中的矛盾和斗争典型化，造成文学作品或艺术作品 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1942, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《在延安文藝座談會上的講話》 (Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art), 毛澤東選集 (1991). English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition

     Wényì jiù bǎ zhè zhǒng rìcháng de xiànxiàng jízhōng qǐlái, bǎ qízhōng de máodùn hé dòuzhēng diǎnxínghuà, zàochéng wénxué zuòpǐn huò yìshù zuòpǐn [Pinyin]

     Writers and artists concentrate such everyday phenomena, typify the contradictions and struggles within them and produce works of literature and art […]

Synonyms

• (bring about):

edit

促成 (cùchéng) 導發／导发 (dǎofā) 導致／导致 (dǎozhì) 引發／引发 (yǐnfā)

引起 (yǐnqǐ) 推進／推进 (tuījìn) 觸發／触发 (chùfā) 釀成／酿成 (niàngchéng)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
造	成
ぞう Grade: 5	せい Grade: 4
on’yomi

Noun

造成 (hiragana ぞうせい, rōmaji zōsei)

1. (construction) site preparation, development of lots

Verb

造成する (transitive, hiragana ぞうせいする, rōmaji zōsei suru)

1. develop land for housing lots

   盛土 (もりつち)により造 (ぞう)成 (せい)された土 (と)地 (ち)

   moritsuchi ni yori zōsei sareta tochi

   land reclaimed by raising the ground level

Conjugation

Conjugation of "造成する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	造成し	ぞうせいし	zōsei shi
Continuative (連用形)	造成し	ぞうせいし	zōsei shi
Terminal (終止形)	造成する	ぞうせいする	zōsei suru
Attributive (連体形)	造成する	ぞうせいする	zōsei suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	造成すれ	ぞうせいすれ	zōsei sure
Imperative (命令形)	造成せよ¹ 造成しろ²	ぞうせいせよ¹ ぞうせいしろ²	zōsei seyo¹ zōsei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	造成される	ぞうせいされる	zōsei sareru
Causative	造成させる 造成さす	ぞうせいさせる ぞうせいさす	zōsei saseru zōsei sasu
Potential	造成できる	ぞうせいできる	zōsei dekiru
Volitional	造成しよう	ぞうせいしよう	zōsei shiyō
Negative	造成しない	ぞうせいしない	zōsei shinai
Negative continuative	造成せず	ぞうせいせず	zōsei sezu
Formal	造成します	ぞうせいします	zōsei shimasu
Perfective	造成した	ぞうせいした	zōsei shita
Conjunctive	造成して	ぞうせいして	zōsei shite
Hypothetical conditional	造成すれば	ぞうせいすれば	zōsei sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative