退

退	U+9000, 退 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9000

← 迿
[U+8FFF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

送 →
[U+9001]

Translingual

Han character

退 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜日女 (YAV), four-corner 3730₃, composition ⿺辶艮)

Derived characters

煺𠺙𢟔𢱸𣻇腿𣗔㾼螁褪𦄁蹆𩄮𠑉𩘩𩘬𫤈𦤮𮪲𨙝𫤓

References

KangXi: page 1256, character 14

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38839

Dae Jaweon: page 1740, character 4

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3834, character 4

Unihan data for U+9000

Chinese

trad.		退
simp. ^#		退
alternative forms		𨓤𢓴𢓇

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 退
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (退) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
腿	*n̥ʰuːlʔ
退	*n̥ʰuːbs
褪	*n̥ʰuːns

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 辶 (“move”) + 夊 (“walk”) + 日 (“sun”) – to walk away from the sun, to retreat.

Current form is essentially 辶 + 艮, where the unrelated 艮 is a simplification of 日 + 夊.

Cognate with 褪 (OC *n̥ʰuːns).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): tuì (tui⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄟˋ
(Chengdu, SP): tui⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): teoi³
(Taishan, Wiktionary): hui¹
Gan (Wiktionary): tui³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thui
(Meixian, Guangdong): tui⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): tui³
Min Bei (KCR): do̿ / to̿
Min Dong (BUC): tó̤i
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): thè / thèr / thòe
(Teochew, Peng'im): to³
Wu (Wiktionary): the (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): tei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tuì
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tuèi
  - Wade–Giles: tʻui⁴
  - Yale: twèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuey
  - Palladius: туй (tuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰweɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: tui⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰuei²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: teoi³
  - Yale: teui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: toey³
  - Guangdong Romanization: têu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɵy̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hui¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hui³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: tui³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰui²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thui
  - Hakka Romanization System: tui
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰu̯i⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: tui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰuɪ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: tui³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰxuei⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: do̿ / to̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /to³³/, /tʰo³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: tó̤i
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔy²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Magong, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thè
  - Tâi-lô: thè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tex
  - IPA (Philippines): /tʰe⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰe¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /tʰe²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thèr
  - Tâi-lô: thèr
  - IPA (Lukang): /tʰə³¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /tʰə¹²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰə⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòe
  - Tâi-lô: thuè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: toex
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰue²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰue⁴¹/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou:
- thè/thèr - vernacular;
- thòe - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: to³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thò
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰo²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: the (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰe̞³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: tei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰe̞i⁴⁵/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 退
Mandarin	Beijing	/tʰuei⁵¹/
	Harbin	/tʰuei⁵³/
	Tianjin	/tʰuei⁵³/
	Jinan	/tʰuei²¹/
	Qingdao	/tʰue⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/tʰuei³¹²/
	Xi'an	/tʰuei⁴⁴/
	Xining	/tʰuɨ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/tʰuei¹³/
	Lanzhou	/tʰuei¹³/
	Ürümqi	/tʰuei²¹³/
	Wuhan	/tʰei³⁵/
	Chengdu	/tʰuei¹³/
	Guiyang	/tʰuei²¹³/
	Kunming	/tʰuei²¹²/
	Nanjing	/tʰuəi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/tʰe⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/tʰuei⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/tʰuæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/tʰuei⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/tʰe³⁵/
	Suzhou	/tʰe̞⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/tʰui⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/tʰai⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/tʰɛ³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/tʰə⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/tʰei⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/tʰəi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/tʰui²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/tʰui⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/tʰui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/tʰøy³³/
	Nanning	/tʰui³³/
	Hong Kong	/tʰøy³³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/tʰui²¹/ /tʰe²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/tʰɔy²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/to³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/tʰo²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/hui³⁵/ /he³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /tʰuʌi^H/

Rime
Character	退
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	他内切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰuʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰuoi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰuɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰwəj^H/
Li Rong	/tʰuᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/tʰuɒi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰuɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	teoi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥ˤ[u]p-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*n̥ʰuːbs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	退
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tuì
Middle Chinese	‹ thwoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*n̥ˁ[u]p-s/
English	withdraw (≠ advance)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	退
Reading #	1/1
No.	12536
Phonetic component	退
Rime group	內
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*n̥ʰuːbs/
Notes	由說文從彳從日夊隸變，或從彳內聲

Definitions

退

to step back; to move backwards
to withdraw; to leave
to cause to move backward
to recede; to fade; to ebb
to return (a purchase, etc.); to refund
to cancel; to call off

Synonyms

(to withdraw): 撤 (chè)

Compounds

Derived terms from 退

不退
倒退 (dàotuì)
功成身退
功遂身退
勇退
勇退激流
叱退 (chìtuì)
吐退
告退 (gàotuì)
屏退 (bǐngtuì)
延退
引退 (yǐntuì)
急流勇退 (jíliúyǒngtuì)
恬退
打退 (dǎtuì)
打退堂鼓 (dǎ tuìtánggǔ)
撤退 (chètuì)
故退
斥退
早退 (zǎotuì)
海退
消退 (xiāotuì)
留退步
病退 (bìngtuì)
祛退
素退
衰退 (shuāituì)
身退功成
退一步 (tuìyībù)
退一步想
退件
退伍 (tuìwǔ)
退休 (tuìxiū)
退休金 (tuìxiūjīn)
退佃 (tuìdiàn)
退位 (tuìwèi)
退保 (tuìbǎo)
退兵 (tuìbīng)
退冰
退出 (tuìchū)
退化 (tuìhuà)
退回 (tuìhuí)
退坡
退堂 (tuìtáng)
退堂鼓 (tuìtánggǔ)
退如山移
退婚 (tuìhūn)
退守 (tuìshǒu)
退室
退居 (tuìjū)
退席 (tuìxí)
退庭

退役 (tuìyì)
退徙三舍
退怯怯
退息
退悔
退房 (tuìfáng)
退故
退款 (tuìkuǎn)
退步 (tuìbù)
退潮 (tuìcháo)
退火 (tuìhuǒ)
退瓶
退省
退票 (tuìpiào)
退租
退稿 (tuìgǎo)
退老
退股
退色 (tuìsè)
退落
退走 (tuìzǒu)
退路 (tuìlù)
退送
退避 (tuìbì)
退避三舍 (tuìbìsānshè)
退除役
退食
遽退
革退
黜退 (chùtuì)
退伙
不知進退／不知进退 (bùzhījìntuì)
不識進退／不识进退
以退為進／以退为进 (yǐtuìwéijìn)
多退少補／多退少补
後退／后退 (hòutuì)
後退色／后退色
擊退／击退 (jītuì)
敗退／败退 (bàituì)
旅進旅退／旅进旅退
有進無退／有进无退
沖退／冲退
減退／减退 (jiǎntuì)
牛餼退敵／牛饩退敌
知難而退／知难而退 (zhīnán'értuì)
節節敗退／节节败退 (jiéjiébàituì)
簽退／签退
罷退／罢退
謙退／谦退
趨前退後／趋前退后
車無退表／车无退表
辭退／辞退 (cítuì)

退前縮後／退前缩后
退化現象／退化现象
退卻／退却 (tuìquè)
退團／退团 (tuìtuán)
退場／退场 (tuìchǎng)
退婚書／退婚书
退學／退学 (tuìxué)
退居幕後／退居幕后
退後／退后 (tuìhòu)
退思補過／退思补过
退換／退换 (tuìhuàn)
退敵／退敌 (tuìdí)
退有後言／退有后言
退熱／退热 (tuìrè)
退燒／退烧 (tuìshāo)
退現／退现
退稅／退税 (tuìshuì)
退筆／退笔
退縮／退缩 (tuìsuō)
退職／退职 (tuìzhí)
退藏於密／退藏于密
退親／退亲 (tuìqīn)
退讓／退让 (tuìràng)
退貨／退货 (tuìhuò)
退費／退费
退賠／退赔 (tuìpéi)
退贓／退赃
退身步兒／退身步儿
退軍／退军 (tuìjūn)
退送紙／退送纸
退選／退选 (tuìxuǎn)
退還／退还 (tuìhuán)
退針／退针
退錢／退钱 (tuìqián)
退隱／退隐 (tuìyǐn)
逃避退縮／逃避退缩
進寸退尺／进寸退尺
進退／进退 (jìntuì)
進退中繩／进退中绳
進退兩難／进退两难 (jìntuìliǎngnán)
進退失據／进退失据 (jìntuìshījù)
進退存亡／进退存亡
進退有常／进退有常
進退無據／进退无据
進退無路／进退无路
進退無門／进退无门
進退維谷／进退维谷 (jìntuì wéi gǔ)
進退首鼠／进退首鼠
進銳退速／进锐退速
隱退／隐退 (yǐntuì)
頤指進退／颐指进退

Descendants

→ Thai: ถอย (tɔ̌i)

Japanese

Shinjitai	退
Kyūjitai [1]	退󠄁 退+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	退󠄃 退+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

退

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

retreat, withdraw
cause to retreat or withdraw: to drive out

Readings

Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
Kan-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
Kun: そく (soku, 退く); そき (soki, 退); そき (soki, 退き); しりぞく (shirizoku, 退く, Jōyō); しりぞける (shirizokeru, 退ける, Jōyō); どく (doku, 退く); どかす (dokasu, 退かす); どける (dokeru, 退ける); のく (noku, 退く); のかす (nokasu, 退かす); のける (nokeru, 退ける); のけ (noke); のけ (noke, 退け); ひく (hiku, 退く); ひける (hikeru, 退ける); ひけ (hike, 退); ひけ (hike, 退け); しさる (shisaru, 退る); すさる (susaru, 退る)
Nanori: たい (tai); のき (noki)

Compounds

退(たい)院(いん) (taiin)
退屈(たいくつ) (taikutsu)
退却(たいきゃく) (taikyaku)
退職(たいしょく) (taishoku)
退(たい)治屋(じや) (taijiya): exterminator
撃退(げきたい) (gekitai): to repel (by force), to beat back, to get rid of, to force away, to reject forcefully
退陣(たいじん) (taijin)
退任(たいにん) (tainin)
退(たい)避(ひ) (taihi)
退色(たいしょく) (taishoku)
退勢(たいせい) (taisei)
退廃(たいはい) (taihai)
隠退(いんたい) (intai)
衰退(すいたい) (suitai)

References

“退”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

Korean

Hanja

退 • (toe) (hangeul 퇴, revised toe, McCune–Reischauer t'oe, Yale thoy)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

退: Hán Nôm readings: thoái, thói, thối, thủi, thui, thúi, thụi

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] “退”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023