辛
See also: 幸, 羍, and 푸
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
辛 (Kangxi radical 160, 辛+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿十 (YTJ), four-corner 00401, composition ⿱立十 or ⿱亠𢆉)
- Kangxi radical #160, ⾟.
Derived terms
- Appendix:Chinese radical/辛
- 𠉄, 㖕, 垶, 㛙, 㢹, 𢓫, 𭝅, 𭡄, 㳯, 𬯁, 梓, 𤈼, 𤙡, 𬍧, 𦛛, 𥏔, 𪿢, 𥞽, 𮇞, 𦀓, 𦐹, 𫋁, 觪, 䛨, 𨁅, 𨌍, 𬪬, 鋅(锌), 𤨘, 𮧝, 𮨬, 騂(骍), 𥋑, 𩷔, 𫓅
- 𧗶, 乵, 㲔, 𣐽, 㖖, 𧱏, 厗, 宰, 屖, 峷, 莘, 𣇛, 𤽮, 𥭴, 㾕, 𨴲, 𭍤
- 嶭, 薛, 巕, 㸉
References
- KangXi: page 1250, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38630
- Dae Jaweon: page 1729, character 31
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4036, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8F9B
Chinese
| simp. and trad. | 辛 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 亲 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 辛 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | |
| Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (辛) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 親 | *sʰin, *sʰins |
| 寴 | *sʰin, *sʰins |
| 儭 | *sʰins, *sʰrins |
| 瀙 | *sʰins, *ʔsrin, *sʰrins |
| 辛 | *siŋ |
| 新 | *siŋ |
| 薪 | *siŋ |
| 襯 | *sʰrins |
| 櫬 | *sʰrins |
| 嚫 | *t͡sʰrinh |
| 莘 | *sriŋ |
| 騂 | *seŋ |
| 垶 | *seŋ |
| 觪 | *seŋ |
Pictogram (象形) – Picture of a tool - a carving knife or a chisel - used to mark slaves and criminals. Its original version is 䇂.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-sin (“liver; heart; bile; bitter”).
- “symplectic”
- Borrowed from English symplectic.
Pronunciation
Definitions
辛
- spicy; hot; pungent
- 辛辣 ― xīnlà ― spicy
- hard; laborious; toilsome
- 辛苦 ― xīnkǔ ― laborious
- suffering; hardship; misery
- 辛酸 ― xīnsuān ― bitter
- The eighth of the ten heavenly stems.
- (in a list) eighth; number 8; VIII
- (organic chemistry) octa-
- (mathematics, attributive) symplectic
- a surname
- 辛棄疾／辛弃疾 ― Xīn Qìjí ― Xin Qiji (Chinese poet during the Southern Song dynasty)
Coordinate terms
- (heavenly stems) 天干; 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸 (Category: zh:Heavenly stems)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 辣 (“spicy”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 辛 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 辣, 辛辣 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 辣 |
| Taiwan | 辣 | |
| Tianjin | 辣 | |
| Tangshan | 辣 | |
| Cangzhou | 辣 | |
| Baoding | 辣 | |
| Shijiazhuang | 辣 | |
| Chifeng | 辣 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 辣 | |
| Harbin | 辣 | |
| Shenyang | 辣 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 辣 | |
| Qingdao | 辣 | |
| Jinan | 辣 | |
| Wanrong | 麻 | |
| Zhengzhou | 辣 | |
| Xi'an | 辣 | |
| Yinchuan | 辣 | |
| Lanzhou | 辣 | |
| Xining | 辣 | |
| Ürümqi | 辣 | |
| Wuhan | 辣 | |
| Chengdu | 辣 | |
| Chongqing | 辣 | |
| Guiyang | 辣 | |
| Kunming | 辣 | |
| Guilin | 辣 | |
| Liuzhou | 辣 | |
| Xuzhou | 辣 | |
| Yangzhou | 辣 | |
| Nanjing | 辣 | |
| Hefei | 辣 | |
| Nantong | 辣 | |
| Malaysia | 辣 | |
| Singapore | 辣 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 辣 |
| Hong Kong | 辣 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 辣 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 辣 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 辣 | |
| Taishan | 辣 | |
| Dongguan | 辣 | |
| Yangjiang | 辣 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 辣 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 辣 | |
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 辣 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 辣 |
| Lichuan | 辣 | |
| Pingxiang | 辣 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 辣 |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 辣 | |
| Heyuan (Bendihua) | 辣 | |
| Wengyuan | 辣 | |
| Liannan | 辣 | |
| Jiexi | 辣 | |
| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 辣 | |
| Changting | 辣 | |
| Wuping (Yanqian) | 辣 | |
| Ninghua | 辣 | |
| Yudu | 辣 | |
| Ningdu | 辣 | |
| Tonggu (Sandu) | 辣 | |
| Ganzhou (Panlong) | 辣 | |
| Dayu | 辣 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 辣 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 辣 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 辣 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 辣 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 辣 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 薟 | |
| Hong Kong | 辣 | |
| Mengshan (Xihe) | 辣 | |
| Luchuan | 辣 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 辣 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 辣 |
| Shexian | 辣 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 辣 |
| Xinzhou | 辣 | |
| Linhe | 辣 | |
| Jining | 辣 | |
| Hohhot | 辣 | |
| Zhangjiakou | 辣 | |
| Handan | 辣 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 辣 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 辣 |
| Quanzhou | 辣 | |
| Zhangzhou | 辣 | |
| Zhao'an | 薟 | |
| Dongshan | 薟 | |
| Taipei | 薟 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 薟 | |
| Kaohsiung | 薟 | |
| Yilan | 薟 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 薟 | |
| Taichung | 薟 | |
| Tainan | 辣, 薟 | |
| Taitung | 薟 | |
| Hsinchu | 薟 | |
| Kinmen | 辣 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 辣 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 薟, 辣 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 薟, 辣 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 風, 辣 | |
| Chaozhou | 薟 | |
| Shantou | 薟 | |
| Shantou (Chenghai) | 薟 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 薟 | |
| Jieyang | 薟 | |
| Haifeng | 薟 | |
| Bangkok (Teochew) | 薟 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 薟 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 薟 | |
| Pontianak (Teochew) | 薟 | |
| Wenchang | 辣 | |
| Haikou | 辣 | |
| Qionghai | 辣 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 辣 |
| Min Zhong | Yong'an | 辣 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 辣 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 辣 |
| Fuding | 辣 | |
| Luoyuan | 辣 | |
| Sanming | 辣 | |
| Shunchang | 辣 | |
| Hua'an | 辣 | |
| Guixi (Zhangping) | 辣 | |
| Cangnan | 辣 | |
| Jingning | 辣 | |
| Lishui | 辣 | |
| Longyou | 辣 | |
| Chaozhou | 辣 | |
| Fengshun | 辣 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 辣 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 辣 | |
| Suzhou | 辣 | |
| Danyang | 辣 | |
| Hangzhou | 辣 | |
| Ningbo | 辣 | |
| Wenzhou | 辣 | |
| Jinhua | 辣 | |
| Jinhua (Tangxi) | 辣農 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 辣 |
| Loudi | 辣 | |
Compounds
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Descendants
- → Zhuang: sin
Japanese
Kanji
辛
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
- spicy, hot, acrid
- bitter, painful, difficult
Readings
- Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
- Kun: からい (karai, 辛い, Jōyō); つらい (tsurai, 辛い); かのと (kanoto, 辛)
Compounds
- 辛党
- 辛味
- 辛気
- 辛気臭い
- 辛苦
- 辛酸
- 辛勝
- 辛抱
- 辛辣
- 辛労
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 辛 |
| しん Grade: S |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 辛 (sin).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi
- (Tokyo) しん [shíꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA(key): [ɕĩɴ]
- Homophones: 心, 臣, 参, 芯, 信, 神, 真, 紳, 軫, 寝, 新, 箴, 震, 親, 讖
Proper noun
辛 • (Shin)
- the eighth of the ten heavenly stems
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 辛 |
| かのと Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
金 (Ka, “Metal”, one of the Five Elements) + の (no, attributive marker) + 弟 (oto, “younger brother”)
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) かのと [kànóꜜtò] (Nakadaka – [2])
- (Tokyo) かのと [kànótó] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA(key): [ka̠no̞to̞]
Proper noun
辛 • (Kanoto)
- the eighth of the ten heavenly stems
Korean
Hanja
辛 (eumhun 매울 신 (mae'ul sin))
- bitter
- toilsome, laborious
- 8th heavenly stem
Vietnamese
Han character
辛: Hán Nôm readings: tân, tăn, tơn
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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