輪廻

See also: 輪迴, 輪回, and 轮回

Japanese

Kanji in this term
輪	廻
りん Grade: 4	え > ね Jinmeiyō
goon

Etymology

/rinwe/ → /rinɰe/ → /rinːe/

From Middle Chinese 輪迴 (MC liuɪn ɦuʌi, literally “wheel + revolve”), itself a translation of Sanskrit संसार (saṃsāra, literally “passing, wandering”).[1][2][3][4][5]

The e reading for 廻 changes to ne as an instance of renjō (連声). [2][4]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) りんね [ríꜜǹnè] (Atamadaka – [1])[4]
IPA^(key): [ɾʲĩnːe̞]

Noun

輪(りん)廻(ね) • (rinne) ^{←りんゑ (rinwe)^?}

(philosophy, religion, espeically in Buddhism) samsara (endless cycle of life, death, and reincarnation); metempsychosis
Synonyms: 生死 (shōji), 転生 (tenshō), 輪転 (rinten), 輪廻転生 (rinne tenshō), 流転 (ruten), 流転輪廻 (ruten rinne), 六道輪廻 (rokudō rinne), 輪回し (wamawashi)
(poetry) repeating of the same words and/or meanings in one volume of haikai or renga
a cycle (process returning to the beginning and then repeating itself in the same sequence)
Synonym: サイクル (saikuru)
a deep attachment or obsession
Synonym: 愛着 (aichaku)

Derived terms

三(さん)界(かい)輪(りん)廻(ね) (sankai rinne)
生(しょう)死(じ)輪(りん)廻(ね) (shōji rinne)
浸(しん)食(しょく)輪(りん)廻(ね) (shinshoku rinne)
地(ち)形(けい)輪(りん)廻(ね) (chikei rinne)
遠(とお)輪(りん)廻(ね) (tō-rinne)
分(ぶん)段(だん)輪(りん)廻(ね) (bundan rinne)
流(る)転(てん)輪(りん)廻(ね) (ruten rinne)
六(ろく)道(どう)輪(りん)廻(ね) (rokudō rinne)

Proverbs

貧(ひん)は菩(ぼ)提(だい)の種(たね)富(とみ)は輪(りん)廻(ね)の絆(きずな) (hin wa bodai no tane tomi wa rinne no kizuna)

Verb

輪(りん)廻(ね)する • (rinne suru) ^{←りんゑ (rinwe)^?} suru (stem 輪(りん)廻(ね)し (rinne shi), past 輪(りん)廻(ね)した (rinne shita))

to go into an endless cycle
to be attached to something

Conjugation

Conjugation of "輪廻する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	輪廻し	りんねし	rinne shi
Continuative (連用形)	輪廻し	りんねし	rinne shi
Terminal (終止形)	輪廻する	りんねする	rinne suru
Attributive (連体形)	輪廻する	りんねする	rinne suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	輪廻すれ	りんねすれ	rinne sure
Imperative (命令形)	輪廻せよ¹ 輪廻しろ²	りんねせよ¹ りんねしろ²	rinne seyo¹ rinne shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	輪廻される	りんねされる	rinne sareru
Causative	輪廻させる輪廻さす	りんねさせるりんねさす	rinne saseru rinne sasu
Potential	輪廻できる	りんねできる	rinne dekiru
Volitional	輪廻しよう	りんねしよう	rinne shiyō
Negative	輪廻しない	りんねしない	rinne shinai
Negative continuative	輪廻せず	りんねせず	rinne sezu
Formal	輪廻します	りんねします	rinne shimasu
Perfective	輪廻した	りんねした	rinne shita
Conjunctive	輪廻して	りんねして	rinne shite
Hypothetical conditional	輪廻すれば	りんねすれば	rinne sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

“輪廻”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
“輪廻”, in 世界大百科事典第２版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
“輪廻”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014

Korean

Hanja in this term
輪	廻

Noun

輪廻 • (yunhoe or McCune-Reischauer: yunhoe or Yale: yun.hoy) (hangeul 윤회)

Hanja form^? of 윤회 (“samsara”).

[1] “輪廻”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984

[DJS-2] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[3] “輪廻”, in 世界大百科事典第２版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998

[DJR-4] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[5] “輪廻”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014