軍配
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
軍 | 配 |
ぐん Grade: 4 | はい > ばい Grade: 3 |
on’yomi |
![](Images/wiktionary/Wakisaka_Yasumoto01.jpg.webp)
軍配: a samurai using a gunbai uchiwa to signal to his troops.
Etymology
Appears to be a Japanese coinage from Middle Chinese-derived elements, as a compound of 軍 (gun, “army, military, troops”) + 配 (hai, “arrangement, positioning”). The hai changes to bai as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi
- (Tokyo) ぐんばい [gùńbáí] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) ぐんばい [gùńbáꜜì] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- IPA(key): [ɡɯ̟̃ᵝmba̠i]
Alternative forms
- 軍敗 (less common)
Noun
軍配 (hiragana ぐんばい, rōmaji gunbai)
- the act of signaling directions or commands to an armed force
- a person issuing such directions
- the act of advancing or retreating in response to the situation
- the act of changing one's prices in response to the situation: bargaining, haggling
- short for 軍配団扇 (gunbai uchiwa): a lacquered rigid wooden fan used for signaling
- (sumo) any of various signals indicated by a gyoji (sumo referee) using a gunbai uchiwa, including decision of the winner of a bout
- 軍配通り
- gunbai dōri
- as indicated, confirmation of the victory indicated by a referee
- 軍配通り
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 軍配糸蜻蛉 (gunbai ito tonbo): a type of damselfly, Platycnemis foliacea sasakii
- 軍配団扇 (gunbai uchiwa): a lacquered rigid wooden fan used for signaling
- 軍配者 (gunbaisha): a person issuing commands to a military force: a commander
- 軍配凧 (gunbaidako): a kite in the shape of a gunbai uchiwa
- 軍配蜻蛉 (gunbai tonbo): a type of damselfly, Platycnemis foliacea sasakii
- 軍配薺 (gunbai nazuna): the field pennycress, Thlaspi arvense
- 軍配昼顔 (gunbai hirugao): the beach morning glory or goat's foot, a common tropical creeping vine: Ipomoea pes-caprae
- 軍配酸漿 (gunbai hōzuki): the egg sac of marine whelks of family Melongenidae
- 軍配虫 (gunbai mushi): common name for a lace bug, flying insects of family Tingidae
Idioms
Idioms
- 軍配を上げる (gunbai o ageru): “to raise the gunbai (uchiwa)” → to decide in favor of someone, such as in a competition (from the way the gyōji or sumo referee raises the gunbai uchiwa to indicate a win)
- 軍配を返す (gunbai o kaesu): “to turn over the gunbai (uchiwa)” → to signal the start of a sumo match, once the initial start-up positioning time has run out
Synonyms
- (advancing and retreating): 駆け引き (kakehiki)
- (changing prices): 商略 (shōryaku), 駆け引き (kakehiki)
Verb
軍配する (suru conjugation, hiragana ぐんばいする, rōmaji gunbai suru)
- to signal directions or commands to an armed force
- to advance or retreat in response to the situation
- to change one's prices in response to the situation: to bargain, to haggle
Conjugation
Conjugation of "軍配する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 軍配し | ぐんばいし | gunbai shi | |
Continuative (連用形) | 軍配し | ぐんばいし | gunbai shi | |
Terminal (終止形) | 軍配する | ぐんばいする | gunbai suru | |
Attributive (連体形) | 軍配する | ぐんばいする | gunbai suru | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 軍配すれ | ぐんばいすれ | gunbai sure | |
Imperative (命令形) | 軍配せよ¹ 軍配しろ² | ぐんばいせよ¹ ぐんばいしろ² | gunbai seyo¹ gunbai shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 軍配される | ぐんばいされる | gunbai sareru | |
Causative | 軍配させる 軍配さす | ぐんばいさせる ぐんばいさす | gunbai saseru gunbai sasu | |
Potential | 軍配できる | ぐんばいできる | gunbai dekiru | |
Volitional | 軍配しよう | ぐんばいしよう | gunbai shiyō | |
Negative | 軍配しない | ぐんばいしない | gunbai shinai | |
Negative continuative | 軍配せず | ぐんばいせず | gunbai sezu | |
Formal | 軍配します | ぐんばいします | gunbai shimasu | |
Perfective | 軍配した | ぐんばいした | gunbai shita | |
Conjunctive | 軍配して | ぐんばいして | gunbai shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 軍配すれば | ぐんばいすれば | gunbai sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Synonyms
- (to advance and retreat): 駆け引き (kakehiki)
- (to change prices): 商略 (shōryaku), 駆け引き (kakehiki)
References
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan