身
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Translingual
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Han character
身 (Kangxi radical 158, 身+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹X竹 (HXH), four-corner 27400)
- Kangxi radical #158, ⾝.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/身
- 㑗, 𠗏, 𠲳, 𡌏, 㛛, 㧶, 𨓉, 𮀝, 竧, 裑, 𫊾, 𬢭, 𧼅, 𨌈(𫐍), 銵, 𩫙, 鯓
- 𭄨, 射, 𦎒, 鵢, 𬼧, 𡘪, 䆤, 𢈯, 𤶴
References
- KangXi: page 1237, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38034
- Dae Jaweon: page 1709, character 36
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3807, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8EAB
Chinese
| trad. | 身 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 身 | |
| 2nd round simp. | ⿻㇒力 | |
| alternative forms | 𡰬 𨊘 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 身 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |  |  |  |  |
Characters in the same phonetic series (身) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 身 | *qʰjin |
| 銵 | *kʰriːŋ |
Pictogram (象形) : from a pictograph of a pregnant woman.
Etymology 1
STEDT relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sja-n ~ *sin (“flesh; animal; body”), but recent Old Chinese reconstructions would not support this etymology.
Because 身 is used as a phonetic for 仁 (OC *niŋ) in excavated texts, Baxter and Sagart (2012, 2014) reconstruct the initial as nasal. This would allow for a comparison to Tibetan སྙིང (snying, “heart”), Japhug tɯ-sni (“heart”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2012; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019), which are from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/k-n(j)i-k/ŋ (“heart; mind; brain”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
身
- (anatomy) body
- (figuratively) body; main part
- pregnancy
- oneself
- in person; personally
- I; me
- life; one's (entire) life
- social status
- moral character
- Classifier for suits of clothes.
- (literary or Min Nan, Puxian Min) Classifier for statues, dolls, puppets.
- (Min Nan) Classifier for silkworms.
- (Cantonese, idiomatic) Classifier for beatings.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 身體 (“body”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words edit |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 身體 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 身體, 身子 |
| Taiwan | 身體 | |
| Tianjin | 身子 | |
| Tangshan | 身體, 身子 | |
| Cangzhou | 身子, 身子骨兒 | |
| Baoding | 身子 | |
| Shijiazhuang | 身子 | |
| Chifeng | 身體, 身子 | |
| Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 身體 | |
| Harbin | 身體, 身子 | |
| Shenyang | 身體, 身子 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 身體, 身子 | |
| Qingdao | 身子, 身板骨兒 | |
| Jinan | 身體, 身子 | |
| Luoyang | 身體, 身子 | |
| Zhengzhou | 身 | |
| Xi'an | 身體, 身子 | |
| Yinchuan | 身子 | |
| Lanzhou | 身子, 體子 | |
| Xining | 身體, 身子 | |
| Ürümqi | 身體, 身子 | |
| Wuhan | 身體, 身子 | |
| Chengdu | 身體 | |
| Chongqing | 身體, 身子 | |
| Guiyang | 身體, 身子 | |
| Kunming | 身體, 身子 | |
| Guilin | 身子, 身體 | |
| Liuzhou | 身子, 身體 | |
| Xuzhou | 身子, 身體 | |
| Yangzhou | 身子 | |
| Nanjing | 身體, 身子 | |
| Hefei | 身體, 身子 | |
| Nantong | 身子 | |
| Singapore | 身體 | |
| Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 身子 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 身, 身子 |
| Hong Kong | 身 | |
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 身體 | |
| Macau | 身 | |
| Guangzhou (Panyu) | 身 | |
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 身 | |
| Guangzhou (Conghua) | 身 | |
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 身 | |
| Foshan | 身 | |
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 身 | |
| Foshan (Shunde) | 身 | |
| Foshan (Sanshui) | 身 | |
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 身 | |
| Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 身 | |
| Zhuhai (Qianshan) | 身 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) | 身 | |
| Zhuhai (Doumen) | 身 | |
| Jiangmen (Baisha) | 身 | |
| Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 身 | |
| Taishan | 身 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 身 | |
| Enping (Niujiang) | 身 | |
| Heshan (Yayao) | 身體 | |
| Dongguan | 身, 身體 | |
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 身 | |
| Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 身 | |
| Qingyuan | 身 | |
| Fogang | 身 | |
| Yingde (Hanguang) | 身 | |
| Yangshan | 身 | |
| Lianshan (Butian) | 身體 | |
| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 身 | |
| Shaoguan | 身 | |
| Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 身體 | |
| Renhua | 身 | |
| Lechang | 身 | |
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 身 | |
| Sihui | 身體 | |
| Guangning | 身體, 身 | |
| Deqing | 身 | |
| Huaiji | 身 | |
| Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 身 | |
| Yunfu | 身 | |
| Xinxing | 身 | |
| Luoding | 身 | |
| Yunan (Pingtai) | 身 | |
| Yangjiang | 身體, 身子 | |
| Xinyi | 身 | |
| Maoming (Xinpo) | 身 | |
| Lianjiang | 身 | |
| Beihai | 身體 | |
| Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) | 身體 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 身 | |
| Gan | Lichuan | 身體 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 身體 |
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 身體 | |
| Dongguan (Qingxi) | 完身 | |
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 完身 | |
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 身 | |
| Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 身體, 完身 | |
| Wuhua (Huacheng) | 身體 | |
| Wuhua (Changbu) | 完身 | |
| Wuhua (Mianyang) | 完身 | |
| Conghua (Lütian) | 身 | |
| Jiexi | 膚身 | |
| Luhe | 身體 | |
| Yudu | 身體 | |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 圓身 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 圓身 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 膴身 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 圓身, 圍身 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 膴身 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 膴身 | |
| Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 膚身 | |
| Singkawang | 膚身 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 身體 |
| Shexian | 身體 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 身體, 身子 |
| Xinzhou | 身子, 身體, 身得, 身坯得 | |
| Linhe | 身子 | |
| Jining | 身體 | |
| Hohhot | 身體, 身子 | |
| Zhangjiakou | 身體, 身子 | |
| Handan | 身體, 身子 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 身, 身體 |
| Changle | 身 | |
| Fuqing | 身體 | |
| Yongtai | 完身 | |
| Gutian | 完身 | |
| Pingnan | 完身 | |
| Fu'an | 完身 | |
| Ningde | 完身 | |
| Xiapu | 完身 | |
| Zherong | 身體 | |
| Shouning | 完身, 身體 | |
| Zhouning | 完身 | |
| Fuding | 身體 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 身軀 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 身軀 | |
| Quanzhou | 身軀 | |
| Zhangzhou | 身軀 | |
| Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 渾身, 渾軀 | |
| Zhao'an | 身體 | |
| Taipei | 身軀 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 身軀 | |
| Kaohsiung | 身軀 | |
| Yilan | 身軀 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 身軀 | |
| Taichung | 身軀 | |
| Taichung (Wuqi) | 身軀 | |
| Tainan | 身軀 | |
| Taitung | 身軀 | |
| Hsinchu | 身軀 | |
| Kinmen | 身軀 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 身軀 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 身軀 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 身軀 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 身軀 | |
| Pingnan (Shangdu) | 身體 | |
| Shantou | 身體 | |
| Leizhou | 身軀 | |
| Haikou | 身體 | |
| Puxian Min | Fuding (Aoyao) | 身軀 |
| Min Zhong | Yong'an | 完身 |
| Sanyuan | 完身 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 身 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 身 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 身 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 身體, 身子 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 身體 | |
| Suzhou | 身體 | |
| Danyang | 身體 | |
| Hangzhou | 身體 | |
| Ningbo | 身體 | |
| Wenzhou | 身體 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 身子 |
Pronunciation
Definitions
身
- Only used in 身毒 (Juāndú).
Compounds
Derived terms from 身
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Japanese
Kanji
身
(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)
- body
- Synonym: 体
- identity
Readings
- Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
- Kun: み (mi, 身, Jōyō); む (mu, 身); むくろ (mukuro, 身)
Compounds
Compounds
- 身体 (shintai): body
- 身長 (shinchō): stature, one's height
- 身辺 (shinpen): one's person
- 身代 (shindai): one's fortune, one's property
- 身代わり (migawari): a stand-in, a substitute
- 身軽 (migaru): agile, nimble, light on one's feet
- 身形 (minari): one's appearance
- 身近 (mijika): close by, near; familiar
- 身元 (mimoto): identity
- 身柄 (migara): social standing
- 身分 (mibun): social position
- 身寄り (miyori): relative
- 身投げ (minage): suicide
- 身障者 (shinshōsha): disabled person
- 身の上 (mi no ue): one's circumstances, one's place in life, one's lot or fortune
- 身勝手 (migatte): selfishness
- 身の程 (mi no hodo): one's social position
- 身の回り (mi no mawari): one's accoutrements, the things about a person, one's personal belongings
- 全身 (zenshin): whole body
- 心身 (shinshin): mind and body
- 焼身 (shōshin): self-immolation
- 変身 (henshin): transformation
- 自身 (jishin): oneself
- 独身 (dokushin): living alone; a bachelor, a single person
- 単身 (tanshin): alone, one person
- 前身 (zenshin): past life
- 保身 (hoshin): self-protection
- 献身 (kenshin): devotion
- 立身 (risshin): success in life
- 小身 (shōshin): humble position
- 細身 (hosomi): a narrow body (as of a person or the body of a thing)
- 中身 (nakami): contents, the insides of something
- 黄身 (kimi): yolk
- 刺身 (sashimi): sashimi
- 出身地 (shusshinchi): one's native place, where someone is from
- 身に着ける (mi ni tsukeru): to wear, to put on the body
- 一身 (isshin): the own person, oneself
- 一身 (hitomi): the entire body
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 身 |
| み Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *muy. Cognate with 実 (mi, “seed, fruit, offspring”).[1]
Standalone form of mu below. May derive as mu + い (i, emphatic nominative particle). See also the etymology of 神 (kami, kamu).
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) み [mì] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- IPA(key): [mʲi]
Noun
身 • (mi)
- a body; (by extension):
- the main part of something
- the blade of a sword (as opposed to the handle)
- meat, flesh (as opposed to skin and bone)
- wood (as opposed to the bark)
- oneself
- one's position, one's social standing, one's circumstances
- the main part of something
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 身分 (mibun): one's identity, one's social standing
- 中身 (nakami): contents, the insides of something
- 身になる (mi ni naru)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 身 |
| む Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Bound form of mi above, only found in compounds.
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- IPA(key): [mɯ̟ᵝ]
Noun
身 • (mu)
- (only in compounds) a body
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 身代 (mukawari), 質 (mukawari): a hostage
- 躯 (mukuro), 骸 (mukuro), 身 (mukuro): a (living) body; a (dead) body, a corpse; a rotten tree trunk
- 正身 (muzane), 実 (muzane): the true nature of a person or thing
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 身 |
| むくろ Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Compound of 身 (mu, “body”, bound form of standalone mi) + くろ (kuro). The derivation of the kuro element is uncertain, but it might be an alteration or ancient form of 幹 (kara, “trunk, main part”).[1]
Alternative forms
- 躯, 骸
Pronunciation
- Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) むくろ [mùkúró] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- IPA(key): [mɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝɾo̞]
Noun
身 • (mukuro)
- a living body
- 720, 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”), Volume 7, in the section on 景行天皇 (Keikō-tennō, Emperor Keikō):
- 身體長大
- 人となり、むくろ長く大きにして
- hitotonari, mukuro takaku ōki ni shite
- His personality and body were lofty and great
- 720, 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”), Volume 7, in the section on 景行天皇 (Keikō-tennō, Emperor Keikō):
- a dead body, a corpse
- 14th century, 太平記 (Taiheiki):
- 御首は敷皮の上に落ちて質は尚坐せるが如し
- onkubi wa shikikawa no ue ni ochite mukuro wa naozaseru ga gotoshi
- The head fell onto the hide rug, and the corpse looked as if it were sitting straight...
- 御首は敷皮の上に落ちて質は尚坐せるが如し
- 14th century, 太平記 (Taiheiki):
- a rotten tree trunk
Derived terms
- 身籠 (mukurogome), 躯籠 (mukurogome): one's entire body
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 身 |
| しん Grade: 3 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 身 (syin, “body, self”).
Pronunciation
- On’yomi: Goon
- IPA(key): [ɕĩɴ]
Noun
身 • (shin)
- a body
Usage notes
Seldom used on its own. In isolation, the reading mi is much more common.
Derived terms
- 身体 (shintai): a body, one's body
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 身 (MC ɕiɪn). Recorded as Middle Korean 신 (sin) (Yale: sin) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource身 (eumhun 몸 신 (mom sin))
- Hanja form? of 신 (“body”).
Compounds
Compounds
- 망신 (亡身, mangsin)
- 변신 (變身, byeonsin)
- 병신 (病身, byeongsin)
- 분신 (焚身, bunsin)
- 삽신 (揷腎, sapsin)
- 시신 (屍身, sisin)
- 신병 (身柄, sinbyeong)
- 신분 (身分, sinbun)
- 신원 (身元, sinwon)
- 신체 (身體, sinche)
- 자신 (自身, jasin)
- 출신 (出身, chulsin)
- 헌신 (獻身, heonsin)
- 대신 (代身, daesin)
- 혼신 (渾身, honsin)
- 신체 (身體, sinche, “body”)
- 만신창이 (滿身瘡痍, mansinchang'i)
- 살신성인 (殺身成仁, salsinseong'in)
- 신토불이 (身土不二, sintoburi)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
身: Hán Nôm readings: thân
- chữ Hán form of thân (“torso”).